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| 43. |
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New Issues and Paradigms in Research on Social Dilemmas
- 2008
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this edited volume is to present the latest developments in the field of social dilemma research. Research on social dilemmas, defined as situations where there is a conflict between self-interest and collective interest, has during the last twenty years gained increased research interest from several disciplines such as psychology, sociology, and economics. The social dilemma research field has wide applications to numerous real-world issues such as environmental degradation brought on by human behavior, cooperative behavior in organizations, as well as willingness to contribute to societal public goods. The main aim has been to investigate under what circumstances people make decisions that are in line with the collective interest as well as investigating how different types of tools can increase the propensity to cooperate.
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| 44. |
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A Smorgasbord of Cognitive Science
- 2008
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book is intended as an introduction to the breadth of current research in cognitive science, with the research at Lund University Cognitive Science as our sample. The result is a smorgasbord for readers with some background in the neighbouring disciplines. Through the chapters we will follow some of the important cross-disciplinary issues in cognitive science. One is how the external world is represented, from cognitive maps in rats, to drawings made to enhance communication, or the organization of semantic knowledge. Another is to what extent such representations really are used: the world is often its own best model in areas from robotics to choice, and several chapters illustrate that even communication (despite its dependence on representations) is firmly situated in and constrained by its surroundings. In addition, many chapters emphasize the essentially dynamic relationship between mind and environment, in areas from development to interaction and learning. A third thread is how research concerning other animals= cognitive capacities, from pigeons to chimpanzees, has inspired research on human cognition, and how this comparative approach can be made to incorporate also non-animate fellow beings, such as robots and virtual characters. In sum, the book contains most of the areas we think are important in cognitive science today, and we hope that it will be of use for beginning researchers and advanced students in the area. Its production is part of the celebrations of Lund University Cognitive Science’s 20th anniversary. Our group hosts researchers with backgrounds in psychology, philosophy, computer science, linguistics, computational neuroscience, education, etc., and all of us have a multidisciplinary education. We encourage you to visit our web pages at www.lucs.lu.se to learn more about the activities of the group.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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5th FPGAworld CONFERENCE Book 2008
- 2008
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The FPGAworld Conference addresses aspects of digital and hardware/software system engineering on FPGA technology. It is a discussion and network forum for students, researchers and engineers working on industrial and research projects, state-of-the-art investigations, development and applications. The book contains some presentations; for more information see (www.fpgaworld.com/conference).
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| 48. |
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Advances in information optics and photonics
- 2008
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This volume is the sixth in a series of books initiated in 1989 by the International Commission for Optics (ICO). These books highlight the advances and trends in the research and development of optical sciences, technologies, and applications at the time of their publication. In this age of the photon, information optics and photonics represent the key technologies to sustain our knowledge-based society. New concepts in classical and quantum-entangled light, coherent interaction with matter, and novel materials and processes have led to remarkable advances in today's information science and technology. The ICO is closely involved with information optics, as exemplified by the ICO topical meeting on Optoinformatics/Information Photonics (St. Petersburg, Russia, 2006), the ICO/ICTP Winter College on Quantum and Classical Aspects of Information Optics (Trieste, Italy, 2006), and the many ICO Prizes recently awarded on outstanding contributions on these topics. This book is in part based on these ICO activities. This volume contains a collection of 32 chapters from internationally leading scientists and research groups on a variety of topics in information optics and photonics, including the 2003-2006 ICO Prize winners. The chapters are divided into 7 sections: Beam Optics; Laser Photonics and Components; Electromagnetic Coherence; Imaging, Microscopy, Holography, and Materials; Photonic Processing; Quantum Information and Matter; and Communications and Networks.
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| 49. |
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Advances in Light emitting Materials
- 2008
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This special-topic volume‚ Advances in Light-Emitting Materials’, makes an important contribution to the field of silicon and III-nitride semiconductors. It begins with a brief history of visible-light emitting diodes. However, silicon is currently expanding from micro-electronics and into photonics. Due to its unsuitable band-gap, it has not previously been the material-of-choice for opto-electronic integration. That is now beginning to change and silicon devices have been developed which have the capability to emit, modulate, guide and detect light and which can be combined with microelectronics to form electronic and photonic integrated circuits. read more...In particular, the performance of silicon-based light-emitters has made rapid progress during the last few years: the first paper describes the potential value of the D-band luminescence caused by dislocations in silicon and its use in infra-red light-emitters. Silicon-wafer direct-bonding, which permits the controlled formation of dislocation networks, is described in detail in the next paper. Silicon and silicon-germanium light-emitting diodes (LED), which emit band-to-band radiation, are then described. This paper is followed by observations on the effect of carrier-confinement on the emission of the band-to-band radiation of LEDs fabricated in silicon-on-insulator form. Finally, MOS light-emitting devices, based upon rare-earth ion-implantation, are described. These structures exhibit efficient electroluminescence within the wavelengths ranging from UV to visible light.Altogether, this volume presents an in-depth review of this important topic.
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