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- Melander, Lisa, 1983, et al.
(author)
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How can charging infrastructure be shared among actors? Business models as enablers or barriers
- 2022
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of this study is to investigate how actors could share charging infrastructure horizontally. We conduct an embedded case study of firms operating in Stockholm, who are exploring the possibility of sharing charging infrastructure. The study reveals that 1) firms are positive towards the idea of horizontally sharing charging infrastructure. 2, firms are open towards collaborating in networks, with similar firms, with other suppliers to the same customers or with an intermediator. 3, firms would prefer to charge at loading zones, 4, there are uncertainties about how to share between actors and how to share information.
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| 2. |
- Pazirandeh Arvidsson, Ala, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Sourcing trust is a multi-level concept - Insights from an automobile manufacturer
- 2018
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- With this study, we aim to increase our understanding of trust when selecting suppliers. Entering a relationship with a supplier for an extended period of time requires a certain level of trust on different facets (e.g. the interpersonal relationships, continuous supply, compatibilities, etc.). The question raised is how this trust is actually defined and used during sourcing, when the buyer decides on entering a relationship with a supplier. The phenomenon is studied in the automobile industry, which is experiencing a higher level of dependency on suppliers for sensitive and at times strategic components. A single case of a major Auto manufacturer is studied using 29 interviews. Our findings show that sourcing trust is a multi-leveled concept ranging from inter-personal to the network level.
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| 3. |
- Melander, Lisa, 1983
(author)
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New rental business models in industrial markets: a case study of partnering with intermediaries for renting industrial robots in Japan
- 2019
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In industrial markets, buying and leasing production equipment are common business models. This research reports on a new phenomenon, the business model of renting industrial robots. The paper investigates how a manufacturer of industrial robots invests in a new partnership with an intermediary in a new business model (renting) to reach new customers. A case study has been conducted, where representatives from the manufacturing firm and the intermediary has been interviewed. The study points to challenges related to interacting with the new partner while also trying out the new business model. Findings also relate to the discussion about the sharing economy. The firms in the study believe that renting is a step towards the sharing of robots between customers. However, in order for customers to be able to share industrial robots between them, there are still some obstacles to overcome.
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| 5. |
- Eslami, Mohammad H., 1985-, et al.
(author)
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The roles of purchasing and marketing in collaborative product development when involving suppliers and customers
- 2019
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In: Book of abstracts. ; , s. 49-49
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper aims to investigate the role of purchasing and marketing in collaborative product development when they involve suppliers and customers. Six collaborative development product development projects at different large high-tech firms are studied. The results show that purchasing and marketing differ in regard to their contributions and roles of managing partner relationships. Purchasing appears to collaborate more with R&D and have well-established routines, processes and strategies for handling both technical and relational issues with suppliers. Marketing, on the other hand collaborate less with R&D and have fewer routines, processes and strategies for managing customers involved in product development.
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| 6. |
- Melander, Lisa, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Att hantera osäkerheter vid val av leverantör i öppen innovation
- 2016
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In: Öppen innovation i teori och praktik. - : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144112428 ; , s. 125-138
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Öppen innovation innebär att företag står inför valet av olika partner att samarbeta med. Ofta kan leverantörer vara en viktig partner i öppen innovation. I detta kapitel diskuteras vilka avvägningar som kan behöva göras vid val av leverantörtill utvecklingssamarbeten och hur osäkerheter – teknologiska, kommersiella, organisatoriska och sociala – kan påverka detta val. Utifrån en fallstudie av utvecklingen av ett energilager visas i kapitlet hur dessa typer av osäkerhet kan påverka i utvärderingen av potentiella leverantörer i samarbeten som kännetecknas av öppen innovation. Kapitlet visar att osäkerhet behöver hanteras i kontexten av öppen innovation och att denna hantering med fördel sker i en tidig fas av projektet, under utvärderingen av möjliga leverantörer. Det ökar möjligheten för inköpande företag att fokusera på de förmågor som är viktiga för det specifika samarbetet i öppen innovation och möjligheten att undvika obehagliga överraskningar.
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| 7. |
- Lindkvist, Hannes, 1988, et al.
(author)
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Who is part of geofencing? Actors: their roles and interactions in connected freight transport systems
- 2021
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background and research questions The transport system is undergoing a transformation where new technologies based on digitalization and connectivity contributes to new solutions aiming to mitigate negative effects from transports. Both vehicles and infrastructure are becoming more connected, enabling new services and opportunities for a more integrated and sustainable transport system (Leviäkangas, 2013; Böhm, 2019). New technologies in transport will affect governance structures, business models and rely on collaborative efforts between both private and public organizations (Leviäkangas & Öörni, 2020). This will affect the roles of existing and new actors within the transport network in various ways as it includes many different and uncertain elements, such as data sharing, policy development, innovation, new business models and that new actors are introduced to the network (Böhm, 2019). The context of the study underlying the paper focus on the emerging digital tool of geofencing as a part of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) enabled by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The study focusses on geofencing applications within a freight transport context. Geofencing enables traffic related applications by affecting vehicle or driver behavior when a vehicle enters or exits a geographical defined area and triggers some kind of action in the vehicle. Its main focus is to increase road transport safety and to reduce emissions by ensuring a certain vehicle behavior in certain areas, often where vehicles and vulnerable road users co-exist. There is little knowledge on which actors that are involved in a geofencing network, how they interact and what their potential roles are. With this paper, we aim to investigate industrial networks within geofencing-applications for freight transport. This is done by answering two research questions (i) which are the key actors and stakeholders and what are their roles in a geofencing network? and (ii) which interactions are taking place between these actors? By answering these research questions, we will expand the knowledge about the organizing of geofencing and how its technological development is enabled thorough interaction between actors. Method The research intends to fulfill this aim by conducting qualitative research, namely a case study. We have chosen to base our study in Sweden, as it is a country where the development of geofencing, as well as its implementation, has come quite far. 15 semi-structured interviews have been conducted with knowledgeable respondents from both public and private organizations who are either involved in various projects for geofencing development or in strategic positions for freight transport planning and development. The empirical data is from national agencies, service providers and the city of Gothenburg and city of Stockholm, where geofencing is under development and implementation is made in various forms. The analysis consists of thematic coding of transcripts in order to map different actors and their interactions in different settings by using theoretic concepts. To analyze the empirical data and better understand the disruptive changes in actor interactions and roles, this study has used the Industrial Network Approach (INA) as theoretic framework. The INA approach studies the relationships among actors from different perspectives and how the relationships and roles develop over time (Håkansson & Snehota, 1995). It is based on conceptual principles of interaction processes and value co-creation between connected firms, which in relation to ITS and geofencing can take new forms. By relying on INA and identify the interrelations, interdependencies and objectives of the different actors, it can contribute to an understanding the roles of the involved actors. Results and analysis This empirical study has outlined the network of actors involved in developing and deploying geofencing as a tool to increase sustainability in the freight transport system. It has contributed to a better understanding of the expected interactions and roles of different public and private actors when introducing innovative technologies for traffic management. In Gothenburg, geofencing is used in public transport but different projects are undergoing for introducing applications in urban freight settings. In Stockholm, geofencing is used in a pilot project to ensure silent off-peak deliveries of freight by forcing electric powertrain on a heavy-duty vehicle within certain geographic areas. Other projects that are ongoing, in pilot-form, involve geofencing for dynamic speed adaptation in congested areas and access control. Our study shows that there are multiple actors involved in the development and deployment of geofencing and dependent on application it relies upon both operational and regulative public-private interaction and collaboration. Furthermore, new actors also affect the network by introducing new resources such as data, data exchange platforms and tools in the development and deployment. The engagement of actors also differs in relation to when new applications being developed in collaborations and when the applications are being used. Public actors, consisting of public and national road authorities and agencies, mainly interact between different municipal divisions and with national agencies, mainly for measures regarding regulation and data sharing. Private actors, consisting of service providers such as vehicle manufacturers, service users such as transport operators and enablers such as map or IT service providers mainly interact in measures for data sharing and various service exchanges. Different private actors are involved in different settings of development and deployment. Actors can take different roles depending on the stage of development. Interactions between actors also depend on expectations on their roles within different contexts. At the moment a lot of interaction and roles between public and private actors are being explored in various innovation-projects, however, there is no unity in the proposed interaction between public and private organizations for geofencing in the deployment phase. This mainly surrounds the aspect of data sharing between public and private actors and legal responsibilities to enable different dynamic geofencing-applications. There is also a common view that traditional actors, such as road operators, will need to take a more active role in traffic management when geofencing is more developed, especially for dynamic geofencing functions. What these roles will entail and how the actors will operate within these roles are however unclear and can be a subject of future research. References Böhm, M. (2019). Deployment of C-ITS: A Review of Global Initiatives. In M. Lu (Ed.), Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems - Towards High-Level Automated Driving (pp. 21-40). London: Institution of Engineering and Technology. Håkansson, H., & Snehota, I. (1995). Developing Relationships in Business Network. London: Routledge. Leviäkangas, P. (2013). Intelligent transport systems− technological economic system performance and market views. International Journal of Technology, 4(3), 288-298. Leviäkangas, P., & Öörni, R. (2020). From business models to value networks and business ecosystems – What does it mean for the economics and governance of the transport system? Utilities Policy, 64, 101046. doi:10.1016/j.jup.2020.101046
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| 10. |
- Melander, Lisa, 1983
(author)
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Kunder och leverantörer i öppna respektive slutna innovationssamarbeten
- 2016
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In: Öppen innovation – i teori och praktik. - 9789144112428 ; , s. 201-218
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ett öppet samarbete där kunder kan ta del av leverantörers kunskap kan ge klara fördelar i utvecklingen av nya produkter. För att skapa ett öppet samarbete krävs att företagen öppnar upp sina gränser och samtidigt hanterar riskerna med att förlora kunskap. Syftet med detta kapitel är att visa hur företag i olika situationer hanterar behovet av öppenhet tillsammans med risken att förlora kunskap. Genom att studera sex kund- och leverantörssamarbeten, identifierar och diskuterar vi möjligheter och utmaningar i relativt öppna och relativt slutna sam-arbetsprojekt. Vi ger också några praktiska råd om hur man kan hantera dessa samarbeten.
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