| 11. |
- Eiben, Gabriele, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Secular trends in diet among elderly Swedes - cohort comparisons over three decades
- 2004
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. ; 7:5, s. 637-644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Primary Health Care, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Box 454, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. gabriele.eiben@medfak.gu.se OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare dietary practices among different birth cohorts of 70-year-old Swedes, who were examined between 1971 and 2000. SETTING: Göteborg, Sweden. DESIGN: Four population-based samples of 1360 70-year-olds, born in 1901, 1911, 1922 and 1930, have undergone health examinations and dietary assessments over a period of almost three decades. One-hour diet history (DH) interviews were conducted in 1971, 1981, 1992 and 2000 with a total of 758 women and 602 women. The formats and contents of the dietary examinations were similar over the years. Statistical analysis of linear trends was conducted, using year of examination as the independent variable, to detect secular trends in food and nutrient intakes across cohorts. RESULTS: At the 2000 examination, the majority of 70-year-olds consumed nutritionally adequate diets. Later-born cohorts consumed more yoghurt, breakfast cereals, fruit, vegetables, chicken, rice and pasta than earlier-born cohorts. Consumption of low-fat spread and milk also increased, along with that of wine, light beer and candy. In contrast, potatoes, cakes and sugar were consumed less in 2000 than in 1971. The ratio of reported energy intake to estimated basal metabolic rate did not show any systematic trend over time in women, but showed a significant upward trend in men. CONCLUSIONS: The diet history method has captured changes in food selections in the elderly without changing in general format over three decades. Dietary quality has improved in a number of ways, and these findings in the elderly are consistent with national food consumption trends in the general population. PMID: 15251054 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 12. |
- Ellegård, Lars, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Vitaminer och övriga bioaktiva ämnen
- 2013
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Ingår i: Näringslära för högskolan. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147105205 ; , s. 223-279
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Gustafsson, Susanne, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Health-Promoting Interventions for Persons 80 Years and Over are Successful in the Short Term – Results from the Randomized and Three-Armed Study Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8614 .- 1532-5415. ; 60:3, s. 447-454
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The study Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone was designed to evaluate if it is possible to delay deterioration if a health-promoting intervention is made when the older adults (80+) are at risk of becoming frail, and if a multi-professional group intervention is more effective in delaying deterioration than a single preventive home visit. This paper examined the outcome with regard to frailty, self-rated health, and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) at the three-month follow-up. DESIGN: A randomized, three-armed, single-blind, and controlled trial performed between November 2007 and May 2011. SETTING: Two municipalities of Gothenburg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 459 older adults were included. They were 80 years or older, living in their ordinary housing, and not dependent on the municipal home help service. INTERVENTION: A preventive home visit or four weekly multi-professional senior group meetings with one follow-up home visit. MEASUREMENTS: The change in frailty, self-rated health, and ADL between baseline and the three-month follow-up. RESULTS: Both interventions delayed deterioration of self-rated health (OR=1.99, 95% CI=1.12 to 3.54). As regards postponing dependence in ADL, senior meetings were found to be the most beneficial intervention (OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.14 to 3.33). No effect on frailty could be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: Health-promoting interventions, made when older adults are at risk of becoming frail, can delay deterioration of self-rated health and ADL in the short term. Also, a multi-professional group intervention such as the senior meetings described seems to have a greater impact on delaying deterioration in ADL than a single preventive home visit. Further research is needed to examine the outcome in the long term, and in different contexts.
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| 15. |
- Johannesson, Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring meal frequency and vegetable intake among immigrants 70 years or older in Sweden : Secondary analysis of data from the Promoting Aging Migrants Capabilities study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Ethnic Foods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2352-6181 .- 2352-619X. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Earlier research regarding immigrants has shown that lifestyle and environmental factors are of importance for the risk of developing certain diseases. Food habits are one of these factors. As there is little research concerning immigrants and food habits, the aim of the present paper was to explore food habits operationalised as meal frequency and vegetable intake among a group of older immigrants in Sweden. Specifically, the following questions were explored: changes in food habits when migrating, missing food from the native country, gender differences in food habits and association between food habits and self-rated health and well-being. Method: A total of 131 persons from the health-promoting study “Promoting Aging Migrants’ Capabilities” (PAMC) conducted in Gothenburg, Sweden, 2011–2014, were included in this exploratory secondary analysis of questionnaire data. Participants were 70 years or older, cognitively intact, and living in ordinary housing. They had all migrated to Sweden from Finland or the Western Balkan Region (Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia). Descriptive statistics as well as binary logistic regression were used to answer the research questions. Results: Forty-eight percent of the participants in PAMC reported that they had changed their food habits when migrating, and 17% considered that they missed certain foods from their native country. Most of the participants migrated to Sweden more than 20 years ago. There was a significant difference in self-rated health in favour of the male participants (p = 0.02), but food habits, operationalised as meal frequency and vegetable intake, were not associated with self-rated health or life satisfaction. Conclusion: Men rated their health as better than women did, but food habits operationalised as meal frequency or vegetable intake, were not associated with self-rated health or life satisfaction. Results from this secondary analysis were affected by methodological shortcomings. Further studies to understand the role of food habits in relation to health in a migration context are desired. Trial registration: NCT01841853, Registered April 29, 2013. Retrospectively registered.
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| 16. |
- Johannesson, Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in practice : knowledge and attitudes regarding food habits and meal patterns among community dwelling older adults
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging Research & Clinical Practice. - : SERDI. - 2273-421X .- 2534-773X. ; 5:4, s. 220-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study gender differences in older adults according to practice, knowledge and attitudes regarding food habits and meal patterns. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Two urban districts of Gothenburg, Sweden. Participants: A total of 297 individuals were included, 102 men and 195 women. They were 80 years or older and living in ordinary housing without being dependent upon the municipal home help services or help from another person in Activities of Daily Life, and cognitively intact, defined as having a score of 25 or higher in the Mini Mental State Examination. Measurements: Telephone interviews regarding food habits and meal patterns were conducted. Results: Almost all participants (99%) ate their main meal at home and men preferred company at meals more often (p<0.001). Women had the sole responsibility to shop for food more often (p<0.000), and generally regarded cooking as a routine or something they just had to do. Among men, few (13%) took a great interest in cooking and 36 % of the men stated that cooking was something they were not capable of performing (p<0.000). Men had company at meals every day more often (71% vs 40%). Respondents stated that loneliness took away the enjoyment of cooking and changed their habits when becoming a widow or widower. Conclusion: Women take greater responsibility for the household than men, regardless of marital status. A large proportion of the men thought cooking was something they were not able to do. The findings in this study may indicate a possible gender difference in the need for societal support.
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| 17. |
- Johannesson, Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Meal frequency and vegetable intake does not predict the development of frailty in older adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Health. - : Sage Publications. - 0260-1060 .- 2047-945X. ; 25:1, s. 21-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Frailty is considered highly prevalent among the aging population. Fruit and vegetable intake is associated with positive health outcomes across the life-span; however, the relationship with health benefits among older adults has received little attention. Aim: The aim was to examine if a relationship exists between meal frequency or frequency of vegetable intake and the development of frailty in a population of older adults. Methods: A total of 371 individuals, 80 years or older, from the study ‘Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone’ were included. Data was collected in the participants’ home by face-to-face interviews up to 24 months after the intervention. Baseline data were calculated using Chi2-test; statistical significance was accepted at the 5% level. Binary logistic regression was used for the relationship between meal frequency or vegetable intake and frailty. Results: Mean meal frequency was 4.2 ± 0.9 meals per day; women seem to have a somewhat higher meal frequency than men (p=0.02); 57% of the participants had vegetables with at least one meal per day. No significant relationship was found between meal frequency or vegetable intake and frailty at 12 or 24 months follow-ups. Conclusions: Among this group of older adults (80+), meal frequency was slightly higher among women than men, and just over half of the participants had vegetables with at least one meal a day. The risk of developing frailty was not associated with meal frequency or vegetable intake. The questions in this study were meant as indicators for healthy food habits.
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