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Sökning: WFRF:(Johansson Stefan)

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621.
  • Johansson, Cecilia (författare)
  • Proteins involved in HPV-16 pre-mRNA processing
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Current Topics in Virology. ; 8, s. 17-27
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Self-inactivating retroviruses are an attractive vector choice for long term and stable expression of therapeutic genes because of their ability to integrate into the host genome. However, their utility as a human therapeutic platform is dependent on stringent criteria for safety and efficacy. Therefore, targeting the vector to a specific cell or tissue type is of paramount importance. Numerous virus-engineering strategies have been developed that either modify the viral surface glycoproteins or regulate transgene expression in a tissue-specific manner. The former, termed transductional targeting, involves modifying the viral glycoproteins that are responsible for binding to specific cellular receptors and facilitating entry into the host cell. The goal of this strategy is to develop a targeted, injectable retroviral based vector that will deliver the transgene to a specific cell or tissue type while leaving non-target tissue unharmed.  Recently, the field has seen a technical advance with the demonstration that retroviruses can be pseudotyped with the envelope glycoproteins of the measles virus. The measles hemagglutinin (H) protein is responsible for receptor recognition, and the fusion (F) protein catalyzes lipid membrane mixing and viral entry.  The natural tropism of the measles H protein for its receptors has been completely eliminated, allowing retargeting by the display of ligands such as growth factors or single-chain antibodies (scFvs) on the C-terminal end. We summarize the progress to date with retargeting retroviral cores via pseudotyping with measles virus H and F glycoproteins.
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622.
  • Johansson, Cecilia, et al. (författare)
  • Regulation of human papillomavirus gene expression by splicing and polyadenylation.
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature Reviews Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1740-1526 .- 1740-1534. ; 11:4, s. 239-51
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small DNA tumour viruses that are present in more than 99% of all cervical cancers. The ability of these viruses to cause disease is partly attributed to the strict coordination of viral gene expression with the differentiation stage of the infected cell. HPV gene expression is regulated temporally at the level of RNA splicing and polyadenylation, and a dysregulated gene expression programme allows some HPV types to establish long-term persistence, which is a risk factor for cancer. In this Review, we summarize the role of splicing and polyadenylation in the regulation of HPV gene expression and discuss the viral and cellular factors that control these processes.
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623.
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624.
  • Johansson, Ewa, 1964, et al. (författare)
  • Anti-Inflammatory Substances in Wheat Malt Inducing Antisecretory Factor
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-9668 .- 1573-9104. ; 74:4, s. 489-494
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • © 2019, The Author(s). Extensively malted cereals counteract enterotoxic diarrhea and inflammatory bowel diseases. This effect depends on a protein called antisecretory factor (AF), which is secreted into the blood as a larger complex known as the compleasome. In this study, we identified anti-inflammatory substances in malt and assayed their capacity to induce AF. Guaiacol and quercetin inhibited inflammation in a mouse footpad model, while catechin, sinapic acid, ferulic acid, and quercetin inhibited nitric oxide formation in RAW 264.7 cells. The proteasome activity in these cells was inhibited by vanillic acid and quercetin but not by the other tested phenols. As the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) might be involved in AF induction, the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine was tested and shown to inhibit inflammation in mouse paw and nitric oxide formation. Catechin, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid induced AF in rat blood, and these substances were all increased in malt compared to control wheat. These phenols might therefore be of particular importance for the beneficial effect of malted cereals on inflammatory diseases. Our results further suggest that TRPV1 might play a role in the anti-inflammatory activity of phenols via the induction of AF.
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625.
  • Johansson, Ewa, 1964, et al. (författare)
  • Aromatic substances in wheat malt inducing antisecretory factor and resistance to diarrhoea
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Functional Foods. - : Elsevier BV. - 1756-4646. ; 54, s. 348-352
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Antisecretory factor (AF) is a protein which regulates fluid transport in the intestine and other organs. Extensive malting of wheat releases certain chemicals which induce AF and inhibit enterotoxic diarrhoea. The aim of this study was to identify AF-inducing substances in wheat malt. The active fractions of the malt leachate contained guaiacol, ferulic acid, and vanillic acid. These three 2-methyl-catechols gave >50% inhibition of cholera toxin-induced secretion in the gut. In contrast, fully methylated catechol had the opposite action; that is, they were secretory rather than antisecretory. Guaiacol and ferulic acid were further shown to induce AF in blood. Since the 2-methoxyphenol structure is present in substances binding to the vanilloid receptor, TRPV1, the specific blocker of this receptor—capsazepine—was tested. This substance exerted >50% inhibition of cholera secretion. Thus 2-methyl-catechols in wheat malt induce AF, and probably exert their effect via the TRPV1 receptor. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
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626.
  • Johansson, Ewa, 1964, et al. (författare)
  • Development of monoclonal antibodies for detection of Antisecretory Factor activity in human plasma.
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Journal of immunological methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7905 .- 0022-1759. ; 342:1-2, s. 64-70
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Antisecretory Factor (AF) is expressed in most tissues and can be demonstrated in plasma and other body fluids. Most of the AF in plasma is in an inactive form and activation of AF occurs after exposure to bacterial toxins or after intake of various dietary components. Patients with chronic diseases involving disturbances in inflammatory and secretory processes may benefit from an AF-inducing diet. The aim of the present study was to develop an in vitro assay for the analysis of AF-activity in human plasma. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against a native form of AF prepared from human placenta. Nine clones of the monoclonal antibodies recognizing AF and AF peptides were identified. With the aid of these antibodies, we developed a sensitive ELISA method for direct detection of AF-activity in human plasma. The AF activity in plasma from five healthy volunteers was low, 0.112+/-0.022 (absorbance at 405 nm), before intake of the AF-inducing diet with the SPC-Flakes, and increased significantly (p<0.05) to 0.444+/-0.068 after >or=6 weeks on the diet. A comparison of the plasma-AF values, obtained by the bioassay and the immunogenic assay (indirect ELISA), shows that there is a significant correlation (r=0.85) between the values from the two methods. The results indicate that the ELISA measures AF-activity and has the potential to be an important tool for the analysis of AF-activity in further clinical studies on AF-therapy.
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627.
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628.
  • Johansson, Emma, et al. (författare)
  • Foreign demand for agricultural commodities drives virtual carbon exports from Cambodia
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-9318 .- 1748-9326. ; 15:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Rapid deforestation is a major sustainability challenge, partly as the loss of carbon sinks exacerbates global climate change. In Cambodia, more than 13% of the total land area has been contracted out to foreign and domestic agribusinesses in the form of economic land concessions, causing rapid large-scale land use change and deforestation. Additionally, the distant drivers of local and global environmental change often remain invisible. Here, we identify hotspots of carbon loss between 1987-2017 using the dynamic global vegetation model LPJ-GUESS and by comparing past and present land use and land cover. We also link global consumption and production patterns to their environmental effects in Cambodia by mapping the countries to which land-use embedded carbon are exported. We find that natural forests have decreased from 54%-21% between 1987 and 2017, mainly for the expansion of farmland and orchards, translating into 300 million tons of carbon lost, with loss rates over twice as high within economic land concessions. China is the largest importer of embedded carbon, mainly for rubber and sugarcane from Chinese agribusinesses. Cambodian investors have also negatively affected carbon pools through export-oriented products like rubber. The combined understanding of environmental change and trade flows makes it possible to identify distant drivers of deforestation, which is important for crafting more environmentally and socially responsible policies on national and transnational scales.
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