| 21. |
- Rostila, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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The role of welfare states and social capital for self-rated health among older Europeans
- 2015
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Ingår i: Social Capital as a Health Resource in Later Life. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9789401796149 ; , s. 207-229
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The greying of European societies has created a number of challenges to the welfare state, one being soaring expenditures for elderly care. Ways of promoting healthy and active ageing have therefore been called for, since this would not only enhance the wellbeing and independence of older adults, but also keep public expenditures in check. Levels of social spending on aging populations vary significantly between welfare states, filtering through pension systems, eldercare, and other types of support. The social-democratic countries have traditionally been characterised by universal and generous welfare systems that protect vulnerable groups in society, including the oldest. Several recent studies suggest that universalism also has positive implications on general levels of social capital in societies. Consequently, levels of social capital might vary systematically between countries, depending on the welfare state characteristics and the generosity of welfare systems. Although previous studies have shown that social capital is strongly related to health and wellbeing, most previous research in the field of social capital and health has so far focused on pure associations and ignored the significance of the broader institutional and political context for the creation and maintenance of social capital and its potential health consequences. The aim of this chapter is to analyse the role of welfare state features for levels of social capital among older adults in a European setting and to investigate whether levels of social capital contribute to higher levels of health in this group. For this purpose we analyse cross-national data from the European Social Survey (ESS) in 2010.
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| 22. |
- Schmidt, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Musik- och poesiprojekt
- 2020
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Ingår i: SMDI 14, 18-19 november 2020, Malmö universitet.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Musik- och poesiprojekt Studien utgår från ett avslutat musik- och poesiprojekt på en lågstadieskola, initierat av en producent vid Göteborgs Konserthus. Vi har följt hela projektet under ett år, och presenterar preliminära resultat. Syftet är att bidra med kunskap om vilka former för deltagande och representation som möjliggjordes för de involverade eleverna från årskurs 1 och 2 i undervisningen i svenska och svenska som andraspråk, samt elevers och lärares perspektiv kring detta. I studien undersöks demokratiska aspekter kring elevers språk- och kunskapsutveckling och vilka möjligheter elever erbjuds för att representera sig själva (Fraser, 1997) genom olika uttrycksformer och modaliteter (Cummins, 2001; Illeris, 2014; Kress, 1997; Schmidt & Häggström, 2019). Skolan präglas i viss mån av socioekonomiska ojämlikheter. En majoritet av eleverna talar ett annat språk än svenska i sina hem. Det insamlade datamaterial som bidraget utgår från är: fältanteckningar från deltagande observationer i klassrum, transkriberade fokusgruppsintervjuer med elever respektive lärare samt dokumentation av musik- och poesiprojektets upplägg. Materialet kommer att analyseras under våren. Först görs en tematisk innehållsanalys (Hsieh & Shannon, 2005). Därefter analyseras vilka modaliteter och estetiska uttrycksformer som integreras samt elevernas möjligheter till representation. Det finns flera argument för elevers poesiskapande då det kan leda till att de blir varse språkets makt (Heard, 1989), får använda sin fantasi samt uttrycka tankar, känslor och åsikter (Wolf, 2004; UNICEF, 2009). Vi önskar i detta bidrag presentera och problematisera de möjligheter och utmaningar som framkommer i relation till det undervisningsinnehåll som skapades. Estetiska uttrycksformer; poesi; representation Referenser Cummins, J. (2001). Negotiating Identities: Education for Empowerment in a Diverse Society. . 2nd ed. Los Angeles: California Association for Bilingual Education. Fraser, N. 1997. Justice Interruptus: Critical Reflections on the “Postsocialist” Condition. New York: Routledge. Heard, G. (1989). For the Good of the Earth and Sun: Teaching Poetry. Heinemann Educational Books. ISBN: 9780435084950. Hsieh, H-F. & Shannon, S.E. (2005). Three approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15 (9), 1277-1288. Illeris, K. (2014). Transformative Learning and Identity. New York: Routledge. Kress, G. (1997). Before writing. London: Routledge. Schmidt, C. & Häggström, M. (2019). Literacy and Multimodality in Swedish Teacher Education: Understanding and Bringing Together Theory and Practice. Utbildning & Lärande, 13 (1), 7-23. Wolf, L. (2004). Till dig en blå tussilago. Att läsa och skriva lyrik i skolan. Lund: Studentlitteratur.
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| 23. |
- Verdonck, B, et al.
(författare)
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Image quality and x-ray dose for translation reconstruction overview imagaing of the spine, colon and legs. In : Lemke HU, Vannier MW, Inamura K, Farman AG, Doi K editors.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Elsevier Science. Proceedings of Computed Assisted Radiology and Surgery, Berlin 2001,2001. ; , s. 500-505
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
- Voß, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Insights into the Physiology and Ecology of the Brackish-Water-Adapted Cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena CCY9414 Based on a Genome-Transcriptome Analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nodularia spumigena is a filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacterium that dominates the annual late summer cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea. But N. spumigena also is common in brackish water bodies worldwide, suggesting special adaptation allowing it to thrive at moderate salinities. A draft genome analysis of N. spumigena sp. CCY9414 yielded a single scaffold of 5,462,271 nucleotides in length on which genes for 5,294 proteins were annotated. A subsequent strand-specific transcriptome analysis identified more than 6,000 putative transcriptional start sites (TSS). Orphan TSSs located in intergenic regions led us to predict 764 non-coding RNAs, among them 70 copies of a possible retrotransposon and several potential RNA regulators, some of which are also present in other N2-fixing cyanobacteria. Approximately 4% of the total coding capacity is devoted to the production of secondary metabolites, among them the potent hepatotoxin nodularin, the linear spumigin and the cyclic nodulapeptin. The transcriptional complexity associated with genes involved in nitrogen fixation and heterocyst differentiation is considerably smaller compared to other Nostocales. In contrast, sophisticated systems exist for the uptake and assimilation of iron and phosphorus compounds, for the synthesis of compatible solutes, and for the formation of gas vesicles, required for the active control of buoyancy. Hence, the annotation and interpretation of this sequence provides a vast array of clues into the genomic underpinnings of the physiology of this cyanobacterium and indicates in particular a competitive edge of N. spumigena in nutrient-limited brackish water ecosystems.
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| 25. |
- Zamaratskaia, Galia
(författare)
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Self-reported consumption frequency of meat and fish products among young adults in Kazakhstan
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nutrition and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 0260-1060 .- 2047-945X. ; 30, s. 309-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Meat and dairy products are important ingredients in Kazakhstan, although there are indications that high consumption of red and processed meat is associated with a risk of several non-communicable diseases and has an adverse impact on the environment. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of young adults in Kazakhstan, particularly meat and fish consumption frequency among university students in five regions of Kazakhstan. Methods: The assessment of meat and fish consumption was based on the food frequency questionnaire. Region of residence, age, sex, weight, height and parental education were also self-reported. Results: Meat consumption among the participants was lower than recommended consumption of 1500 g per week in Kazakhstan but almost two-fold higher than the World Cancer Research Fund recommendations of 500 g per week. Approximately 24% of the participants reported to consume meat every day. Only 8.6% of the participants reported fish consumption in line with the recommendation of approximately 270 g per week in Kazakhstan. Meat and fish consumption was fairly homogeneous across regions and sex. Conclusion: The results from this study contribute to the relatively limited information on meat and fish consumption in Kazakhstan. Further knowledge on dietary habits and probably improved nutrition recommendations on meat consumption in Kazakhstan are needed to protect public health and the environment.
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| 26. |
- Zamaratskaia, Galia, et al.
(författare)
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Verapamil does not modify catalytic activity of CYP450 in rainbow trout after long-term exposure
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. - : Elsevier BV. - 0147-6513 .- 1090-2414. ; 79, s. 148-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the effects of the cardiovascular drug verapamil (VRP) on metabolic processes in fish. Most calcium channel blockers including VRP are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. In this study we investigated the in vivo effect of VRP on some CYP450-mediated reactions in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of VRP (0.5, 27 and 270 mu g l(-1)) for 0, 21, and 42 day. The following CYP450-mediated reactions were studied in hepatic microsomes: O-dealkylation of ethoxyresorufin, methoxyresorufin, and pentoxyresorufin, hydroxylation of coumarin, tolbutamide, and p-nitrophenol, and O-debenzylation of 7-benzyloxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin. The amounts of products of these reactions did not differ among fish exposed to different levels of VRP and control fish. This suggests that the levels of VPR used did not alter catalytic activity of the selected CYP450 enzymes. In conclusion, none of the investigated CYP450-mediated reactions has potential as a biomarker to monitor VRP contamination of the aquatic environment. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Fedel, Michele, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical investigation of the inhibition effect of CeO2 nanoparticles on the corrosion of mild steel
- 2014
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 131:Jun, s. 71-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper aims to provide some insight into the fundamental mechanisms for the behavior of cerium oxides nanoparticles as corrosion inhibitors for steel. The work was carried out on mild steel water based dispersions of cerium oxides nanoparticles in presence of both, sulfates and chlorides. Ceria nanoparticles were produced via precipitation of cerium Ce(NO3)3.6H 2O in water, particles of about 70 nm hydrodynamic diameter were obtained. The analysis of the effectiveness of the ceria nanoparticles as corrosion inhibitors was performed by means of electrochemicaltechniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and open circuit potential (OCP) versus time measurements. The experimental measurements suggested that cerium oxide affects the electrochemical properties of mild steel surface; they promoted an ennoblement effect and strong modifications in the impedance response.
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| 30. |
- Huang, Hu, et al.
(författare)
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RNA-Seq reveals placental growth factor regulates the human retinal endothelial cell barrier integrity by transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) signaling
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. - : SPRINGER. - 0300-8177 .- 1573-4919. ; 475, s. 93-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Placental growth factor (PlGF or PGF) is a member of the VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) family. It plays a pathological role in inflammation, vascular permeability, and pathological angiogenesis. The molecular signaling by which PlGF mediates its effects in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains elusive. This study aims to characterize the transcriptome changes of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) with the presence and the absence of PlGF signaling. Primary HRECs were treated with the PlGF antibody (ab) to block its activity. The total RNA was isolated and subjected to deep sequencing to quantify the transcripts and their changes in both groups. We performed transcriptome-wide analysis, gene ontology, pathway enrichment, and gene-gene network analyses. The results showed that a total of 3760 genes were significantly differentially expressed and were categorized into cell adhesion molecules, cell junction proteins, chaperone, calcium-binding proteins, and membrane traffic proteins. Functional pathway analyses revealed that the TGF-beta pathway, pentose phosphate pathway, and cell adhesion pathway play pivotal roles in the blood-retina barrier and antioxidant defense system. Collectively, the data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of PlGFs biological functions in HRECs relevant to DR and diabetic macular edema (DME). The newly identified genes and pathways may act as disease markers and target molecules for therapeutic interventions for the patients with DR and DME refractory to the current anti-VEGF therapy.
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