| 651. |
- Sjöberg, Rickard L
(författare)
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False claims of victimization : a historical illustration of a contemporary problem.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 56:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, a false claim of victimization made by a man in his late 20s during a 17th-century outbreak of mass allegations of Satanic abuse is described and discussed in relation to contemporary issues with relevance to psychiatry and applied mental health.
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| 652. |
- Sjögren, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Cytotoxicity of dental alloys, metals, and ceramics assessed by millipore filter, agar overlay, and MTT tests.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3913. ; 84:2, s. 229-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Statement of Problem: Biocompatibility of dental materials is dependent on the release of elements from the materials. In addition, the composition, pretreatment, and handling of the materials influence the element release. Purpose: This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of dental alloys, metals, and ceramics, with specific emphasis on the effects of altering the composition and the pretreatment. Material and Methods: By using cells from a mouse fibroblast cell line and the agar overlay test, Millipore filter test, and MTT test, cytotoxicity of various metals, metal alloys, and ceramics for dental restoration were studied. Effects of altering the composition of a high noble gold alloy and of pretreatment of a ceramic-bonding alloy were also studied. In addition, the release of elements into the cell culture medium by the materials studied was measured using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer. The results of the MTT test were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and Scheffé test at a significance level of P<.05. Results: Specimens manufactured from materials intended for dental restorations and handled in accordance with the manufacturers’ instructions were ranked from “noncytotoxic” to “mildly cytotoxic” according to the agar overlay and Millipore filter tests. For the MTT test, no significant differences were observed between these materials and controls, with the exception of JS C-gold and unalloyed titanium. The modified materials were ranked from “mildly cytotoxic” to “moderately cytotoxic” in the agar overlay and Millipore filter tests and from “noncytotoxic” to “moderately cytotoxic” in the MTT test. Thus, cytotoxicity was related to the alloy composition and treatment. The release of Cu and Zn seemed to be important for the cytotoxic effect. Conclusion: Alterations in the composition and the pretreatment can greatly influence the cytotoxicity, and the results stress the importance of carefully following the manufacturers’ instructions when handling dental materials.
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| 653. |
- Sjöström, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Kollegialitet, terapi och medling : experters tolkningsrepertoarer i psykiatrimål
- 2002
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 39:3-4, s. 86-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the role of court appointed psychiatrist’s (AP) in Swedish court hearings relating to compulsory psychiatric care. Data consist of taperecordings and documents from twelve court hearings together with informal interviews with actors in court.The discourse in court is analysed in terms of interpretative repertoires. The possibility for APs to examine each case is limited by shortage of time and resources. Furthermore, APs may have to take into account an out-of-court, professional relationship to the treating psychiatrist (CP). We find that conversation between APs and CPs frequently are carried out in a collegiate repertoire. These circumstances inhibit a detailed critical examination of the CP’s application for compulsory care, which in turn helps explaining why APs seldom assess cases different from CPs.This raises the question of how APs’ status as experts is reproduced in courtroom conversation. This is accomplished by using a disclosing repertoire, which invites the patient to produce incoherent talk. Expert status is also reproduced when APs give medical advise to patients in a therapeutic repertoire. Applying a mediating repertoire, APs attempt to resolve clinical conflicts between CPs and patients. As a result, the legal conflict at stake is downplayed.
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| 654. |
- Skog, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Human adenovirus serotypes 4p and 11p are efficiently expressed in cell lines of neural tumour origin
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 83:6, s. 1299-1309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most currently used adenovirus vectors are based upon adenovirus serotypes 2 and 5 (Ad2 and Ad5), which have limited efficiencies for gene transfer to human neural cells. Both serotypes bind to the known adenovirus receptor, CAR (coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor), and have restricted cell tropism. The purpose of this study was to find vector candidates that are superior to Ad5 in infecting human neural tumours. Using flow cytometry, the vector candidates Ad4p, Ad11p and Ad17p were compared to the commonly used adenovirus vector Ad5v for their binding capacity to neural cell lines derived from glioblastoma, medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines. The production of viral structural proteins and the CAR-binding properties of the different serotypes were also assessed in these cells. Computer-based models of the fibre knobs of Ad4p and Ad17 were created based upon the crystallized fibre knob structure of adenoviruses and analysed for putative receptor-interacting regions that differed from the fibre knob of Ad5. The non CAR-binding vector candidate Ad11p showed clearly the best binding capacity to all of the neural cell lines, binding more than 90% of cells of all of the neural cell lines tested, in contrast to 20% or less for the commonly used vector Ad5v. Ad4p and Ad11p were also internalized and produced viral proteins more successfully than Ad5. Ad4p showed a low binding ability but a very efficient capacity for infection in cell culture. Ad17p virions neither bound or efficiently infected any of the neural cell lines studied.
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| 655. |
- Skolin, I., et al.
(författare)
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Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children with malignant disease
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing. - 1043-4542 .- 1532-8457. ; 19:5, s. 154-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to assess both the possible complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in pediatric cancer patients and its effect on weight development. The medical records of 18 children with a median age of 2.5 years (range, 0.5-14.2 years) were reviewed. The diagnoses were leukemia, central nervous system tumors, solid tumors, and lymphoma. The indications for PEG were anticipated therapy-related nutritional problems and inadequate food intake, weight loss, swallowing problems in relation to paresis of the pharynx, and relapse of the disease. Ten children received a PEG at treatment start, and eight children received it at a median time of 3.4 months (range, 0.9-27.4 months) after treatment start. The median duration of having a PEG in place was 12.3 months (range, 1.2-24.0 months). At admission the median weight for age expressed as standard deviation (SD) was -0.11 (range, -2.78-2.68). There was a significant (p =.005) decrease in the median SD from admission until PEG installation. There was also a significant increase in the median SD from the start of PEG use until 1 (p =.04) and 2 (p =.039) months after start. The most common complications were episodes of inflammation of the PEG site, which were successfully treated with topically or orally administered antibiotics, and episodes of infection, which required intravenously administered antibiotics. Taking into consideration the medical condition of the children in the study group and the considerable length of time with a PEG in place, we believe that nutrition via PEG in children with cancer has several advantages and is rarely associated with other than minor complications. Copyright 2002 by Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses
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| 656. |
- Skåreus, Eva, 1952-
(författare)
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Det är lärarnas fel
- 2002
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för lärarutbildning och forskning. - Umeå : Fakultetsnämnden för lärarutbildning, Umeå universitet. ; :3, s. 13-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 657. |
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| 658. |
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| 659. |
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| 660. |
- Spratley, Jorge, et al.
(författare)
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Early structural tympanic membrane ractions to myringotomy : A study in an acute otitis media model.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 122:5, s. 479-487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myringotomy (Myr) is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in children. However, events occurring in the early phases, i.e. a matter of hours, following Myr in the acute otitis media (AOM) model have not been described. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the early otomicroscopic and histopathologic reactions of the tympanic membrane (TM) after Myr during the course of AOM (AOM-Myr). The left tympanic bulla from 36 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats was inoculated with Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3. Forty-eight h later, at Day 0, 4 randomized animals were immediately sacrificed and the remaining animals were treated with bilateral Myr. Otomicroscopy and sacrifices were performed in series of 4 animals at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 h, and 4 and 7 days. The AOM-Myr TMs were compared to non-infected Myr TMs (non-AOM-Myr). The TMs were then dissected free and routinely processed for light and electron microscopy. AOM developed in all inoculated ears at Day 0. In the pars tensa of the AOM-Myr TMs the reaction of the keratinocyte layer of the perforation border was already evident at 6 h. The lamina propria exhibited a strong inflammatory reaction, which became more organized from 12 h onwards. At Day 4 the perforations were closed in three-quarters of cases. At Day 7 all perforations were healed with a distorted scar. In the non-AOM Myr TMs a strong degranulation of mast cells and edema were found in the pars flaccida at 6 h. A keratin spur at the perforation border was not seen until 24 h. All perforations were patent on Day 7 and myringosclerotic deposits were abundant in these TMs. The infected TMs regenerated faster and closed their perforations at an earlier stage. These findings favor the hypothesis that there is a low risk of chronic perforations when myringotomizing AOM TMs.
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