| 1. |
- Enflo, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Did Globalization Drive Convergence? Identifying Cross-Country Growth Regimes in the Long Run
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Economic Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-572X .- 0014-2921. ; 55:6, s. 832-844
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is the first to apply a finite mixture model to a sample of 64 nations to endogenously analyze the cross-country growth behavior over the period 1870-2003. Results show that growth patterns were segmented in two worldwide regimes, the one characterized by convergence in per capita income, and the other by divergence. Interestingly, when three historical epochs are distinctly analyzed, in order to investigate the empirical link between globalization and convergence, the dynamics which dominated over the whole period seem to have emerged only during the post-1950 years. In contrast, the First Global Wave was marked by persistent heterogeneities.
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| 2. |
- Enflo, Kerstin
(författare)
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The Institutional Roots of Post-War European Economic Under-performance - A Regional Approach
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Review of Economic History. - 1474-0044. ; 15:02, s. 329-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedThis article investigates which institutions and policies were related to the increase in European unemployment since 1970 and the productivity stagnation since the mid 1990s. By using data for 88 regions in nine European countries, national policies and institutions are analysed in a fixed-effects panel-data model to detect their relative importance after controlling for unobservable regional factors. The main finding is that institutions only started to matter after the oil crisis. The strongest institutional effects on employment came from the net reservation wages and employment protection laws. The institutional effects on productivity were mainly channelled through the employment productivity trade-off. By restricting the supply of labour, these effects were positive on productivity in the short run. However, the article shows that the long-run effects were negative and that there may be institutional roots to the European productivity slow-down in the 1990s.
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| 3. |
- Henning, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Trends and cycles in regional economic growth: How spatial differences shaped the Swedish growth experience from 1860–2009
- 2011
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Ingår i: Explorations in Economic History. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4983. ; 48:4, s. 538-555
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a novel dataset of regional GDP per worker from 1860 to 2009, this paper analyzes communalities in regional long-term growth trajectories for 24 Swedish regions. Wavelet Analysis and Principal Component Analysis are used to decompose regional growth trajectories and assess the extent that regional growth patterns share common trends and cyclical properties. The study found that regional growth trends show strong common features among groups of regions in Sweden. Natural-resource-rich regions benefited from the First Industrial Revolution. Contrary to regional development in many other European economies, a growth surge in Sweden later benefited virtually the whole country during the Second Industrial Revolution. The countrywide trend of growth slowed in the 1970s when the metropolitan regions became the main growth engines. In mid- and short-term cyclical movements, regions display more heterogeneous growth patterns, and we find evidence of mid-term, sequential lead–lag patterns in regional growth, especially between urban cores and the periphery.
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