| 821. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Ålder
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ett delat samhälle. - 9789147090426 ; , s. 119-145
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 822. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Ålder
- 2016. - 2
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Ingår i: Ett delat samhälle : makt, intersektionalitet och social skiktning - makt, intersektionalitet och social skiktning. - 9789147112821 ; , s. 119-149
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 823. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Åtgärder mot internbelastning av fosfor i Hjälmaren
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I denna utredning har kostnader, effekter, miljökonsekvenser, juridiska aspekter, konsekvenser för yrkes- och fritidsfisket, samt andra möjliga motstående intressen vid olika åtgärder för att minska internbelastningen av fosfor i Hjälmaren undersökts. Hjälmaren, Sveriges till ytan fjärde största sjö, anses övergödd men hyser till följd av näringsrikedomen också starka bestånd av gös, en för yrkes- och fritidsfisket viktig art. Att reducera läckaget av fosfor från Hjälmarens bottnar, så kallad internbelastning, till en önskad nivå beräknas kosta storleksordningen 1 miljard SEK. Utredningen har utförts i samarbete med Naturvatten i Roslagen på uppdrag av Hjälmarens vattenvårdsförbund.
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| 824. |
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| 825. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Överflöd och ensamhet
- 2007
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Ingår i: Perspektiv på ungas självdestruktivitet. - 9789197722001 ; , s. 33-37
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 826. |
- Karlsson, O. Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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A revised semi-empirical mass balance model for phosphorus in Baltic coastal areas
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fundamental and Applied Limnology. - : Schweizerbart. - 1863-9135. ; 185:3-4, s. 209-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A decade of research on the phosphorus dynamics in Baltic Sea coastal areas using a combination of mathematical modelling, sediment surveys and time series of water quality data from monitoring programs has led to an improved understanding of processes controlling phosphorus turnover and coastal primary production. This paper presents a revised model for phosphorus turnover in non-tidal enclosed Baltic coastal areas. Using a new dataset from 500 sediment sampling stations it was possible to quantify and develop new simplified algorithms for sedimentary processes i.e. burial and erosion that did not decrease the model's predictive power. Our results indicate that erosion of old clays can be an important primary source to phosphorus water concentrations in enclosed coastal areas. A simple laboratory experiment using Common Duckweed (Lemna minor) supports to some extent that phosphorus originating from old clays is partly bioavailable and hence may influence the trophic state in the studied areas.
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| 827. |
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| 828. |
- Karlsson, Olof Magnus, 1972-
(författare)
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Predicting Ecosystem Response from Pollution in Baltic Archipelago areas using Mass-balance Modelling
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Baltic archipelago areas have high nature values despite being polluted from various antrophogenic activities within the Baltic Sea catchment area and from long-range transport of airborne substances. The discovery of environmental problems in the Baltic Sea in the 1960s led to countermeasures that gradually gave results in reducing the toxic pollution, e.g. from PCBs. Today, much of the environmental management is focused on reducing the effects of eutrophication. There is a demand from society on science to develop strategies that can direct remedial actions so that the cost-effectiveness is maximised. This work focuses on how mass-balance models can be used to understand how coastal ecosystems are controlled by abiotic processes and to predict the response to changes in loading of different substances. Advection, sedimentation and burial are examples of general transport processes that are regulated by morphometrical characteristics, e.g. size, form, effective fetch and topographical openness. This is why different coastal areas have different sensitivity to loading of pollutants. A comparison of six phosphorus and chlorophyll models of different complexity showed that the model performance was not improved with more state variables of total phosphorus (TP) than two water and two sediment compartments. Modelling chlorophyll as a separate state variable did not improve the results for individual values compared to a simple regression against total phosphorus in surface water. Field investigations of the phosphorus content in accumulation sediments along the coast of Svealand showed a distribution pattern that probably is related to differences in the redox status. The average content of mobile phosphorus was much higher than previously found in offshore Baltic sediments indicating that sediments may play an important role for the phosphorus turnover in Baltic archipelago areas. A one-year field study to measure the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in water, sediments and fish during different seasons was carried out in Kallrigafjärden Bay. The collected data set was used to test a mass-balance model for PCCD/F-turnover. It was possible to reproduce the concentrations of different PCDD/F-congeners with high accuracy using a general model approach, including one water compartment and two sediment compartments, indicating that the applied model has the necessary qualifications for successful predictions of PCDD/F-turnover in Baltic coastal areas.
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| 829. |
- Karlsson, O. Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Using Fish as a Sentinel in Risk Management of Contaminated Sediments
- 2022
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Ingår i: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. - Stockholm : IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet. - 0090-4341 .- 1432-0703. ; 84:1, s. 45-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sediments polluted by historical emissions from anthropogenic point sources are common in industrialized parts of the world and pose a potential threat to the function of aquatic ecosystems. Gradient studies using fish as a bioindicator are an option to assess the ecological impact of locally polluted areas. This study investigates the remaining effects of historical emissions on sediments outside ten Swedish pulp and paper mills using perch (Perca fluviatilis). The aim has been to obtain a general picture of the impact area of local deposits of cellulose fiber-rich sediments containing elevated levels of trace metals, e.g., Hg, and organochlorines, e.g., dioxins. In addition to analyzing contaminant levels in muscle and liver tissue, morphological measures in the fish that constitute biomarkers for health and reproductivity were measured. Another aim was to augment existing historical data sets to observe possible signs of environmental recovery. Overall, the results indicate only a minor elevation in contaminant levels and a minor impact on the fish health status in the polluted areas, which in several cases is an improvement from historical conditions. However, exceptions exist. Differences in the ecosystems' responses to pollution loads are primarily explained by abiotic factors such as water turnover rate, bottom dynamic conditions, and water chemistry. Weaknesses in the sampling methodology and processing of data were identified. After minor modifications, the applied survey strategy has the potential to be a management tool for decision-makers working on the remediation of contaminated areas.
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| 830. |
- Karlsson, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Liposuction of Breast Cancer: Related Arm Lymphedema Reduces Fat and Muscle Hypertrophy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Lymphatic Research and Biology. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1539-6851 .- 1557-8585. ; 20:1, s. 53-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Adipose tissue deposition is a known consequence of lymphedema. A previous study showed that the affected arm in patients with nonpitting breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) had a mean excess volume of 73% fat and 47% muscle. This condition impairs combined physiotherapy as well as more advanced microsurgical methods. Liposuction is, therefore, a way of improving the effects of treatment. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the tissue changes in lymphedematous arms after liposuction and controlled compression therapy (CCT) in patients with nonpitting BCRL. Methods and Results: Eighteen women with an age of 61 years and a duration of arm lymphedema (BCRL) of 9 years were treated with liposuction and CCT. Tissue composition of fat, lean (muscle), and bone mineral was analyzed through dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before, and at 3 and 12 months after surgery. Excess volumes were also measured with plethysmography. The median DXA preoperative excess volume was 1425 mL (704 mL fat volume, 651 mL lean volume). The DXA excess volume at 3 months after surgery was 193 mL (-196 mL fat volume, 362 mL lean volume). At 12 months after surgery, the median excess DXA volume was 2 mL (-269 mL fat volume, 338 mL lean volume). From before surgery to 3 months after surgery, the median DXA excess volume reduced by 85% (p < 0.001) (fat volume reduction 128% (p < 0.001), lean volume reduction 37% (p = 0.016)). From before surgery to 12 months after surgery, it reduced by 100% (p < 0.001) (fat volume reduction 139% [p < 0.001], lean volume reduction 54% [p = 0.0013]). Conclusions: Liposuction and CCT effectively remove the excess fat in patients with nonpitting BCRL, and a total reduction of excess arm volume is achievable. A postoperative decrease in excess muscle volume is also seen, probably due to the reduced weight of the arm postoperatively.
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