| 3581. |
- Åhlström, Linda, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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The work ability index and single-item question: associations with sick leave, symptoms, and health - a prospective study of women on long-term sick leave
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. - : Työterveyslaitos. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 36:5, s. 404-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the association between the work ability index (WAI) and the single-item question on work ability among women working in human service organizations (HSO) currently on long-term sick leave. It also examined the association between the WAI and the single-item question in relation to sick leave, symptoms, and health. Predictive values of the WAI, the changed WAI, the single-item question and the changed single-item question were investigated for degree of sick leave, symptoms, and health. METHODS: This cohort study comprised 324 HSO female workers on long-term (>60 days) sick leave, with follow-ups at 6 and 12 months. Participants responded to questionnaires. Data on work ability, sick leave, health, and symptoms were analyzed with regard to associations and predictability. Spearman correlation and mixed-model analysis were performed for repeated measurements over time. RESULTS: The study showed a very strong association between the WAI and the single-item question among all participants. Both the WAI and the single-item question showed similar patterns of associations with sick leave, health, and symptoms. The predictive value for the degree of sick leave and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was strong for both the WAI and the single-item question, and slightly less strong for vitality, neck pain, both self-rated general and mental health, and behavioral and current stress. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the single-item question on work ability could be used as a simple indicator for assessing the status and progress of work ability among women on long-term sick leave.
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| 3582. |
- Åkerblom, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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Eptifibatide is noninferior to abciximab in primary percutaneous coronary intervention: results from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry).
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1558-3597 .- 0735-1097. ; 56:6, s. 470-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to test the noninferiority of eptifibatide relative to abciximab in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND: Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are recommended by international guidelines in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing PCI. Abciximab is recommended with a higher level of evidence than eptifibatide in patients with STEMI. No large, prospective, randomized trial comparing abciximab and eptifibatide has been published. METHODS: All (n = 11,479) STEMI patients in Sweden who underwent primary PCI and received either eptifibatide or abciximab from 2004 to 2007 were derived from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry). The primary end point was death or myocardial infarction (MI) during 1-year follow-up, with adjustment for baseline differences with a multivariate logistic regression analysis including propensity score. The pre-specified noninferiority margin was set to 1.29. RESULTS: The combined end point occurred in 353 of 2,355 patients (15.0%) treated with eptifibatide and in 1,432 of 9,124 patients (15.7%) treated with abciximab. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for eptifibatide versus abciximab was 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84 to 1.08). Multivariate adjustment (n = 11,317) confirmed noninferiority, with an OR of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.09). The adjusted secondary end points of death and MI separately also showed noninferiority, with ORs of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.19) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.73 to 1.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This large registry study suggests that eptifibatide is noninferior to abciximab in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI with respect to death or MI during 1 year, thereby supporting the use of either drug in clinical practice.
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| 3583. |
- Åkerman, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Use and practice of patient diaries in Swedish ICUs - a national survey
- 2010
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Ingår i: Intensive and Critical Care Nursing. - 1478-5153. ; 15:1, s. 26-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives: To describe and compare the extent and application of patients' diaries in Sweden. Background: Since 1991, patient diaries have been used in intensive care unit (ICU) follow-up in Sweden. There is paucity of relevant data evaluating the effect of this tool and also on what premises patients are enrolled. Likewise, data are sparse on the diaries' design, content structure and the use of photographs. Design: Descriptive explorative design by a semi-structured telephone interview. Methods: The interview results were analysed with descriptive statistics and differences between the ICU levels were explored by χ2 analysis. Qualitative manifest content analysis was performed to explore the purpose of diary writing. Results: Of all ICUs (n = 85), 99% responded and 75% used diaries. The source of inspiration was collegial rather than from scientific data. The main reason for keeping a diary was to help the patient to recapitulate the ICU stay. Discrepancies between the different levels of ICUs were detected in patient selection, dedicated staff for follow-up and the use of photographs. Comparison between the χ2 analysis and the content analysis outcome displayed incongruence between the set unit-goals and the activities for achievement but did not explain the procedural differences detected. Conclusion: The uses of diaries in post ICU follow up were found to be common in Sweden. A majority used defined goals and content structure. However, there were differences in practice and patient recruitment among the levels of ICUs. These discrepancies seemed not to be based on evidence-based data nor on ongoing research or evaluation but merely on professional judgement. As ICU follow-up is resource intense and time consuming, it is paramount that solid criteria for patient selection and guidelines for the structure and use of diaries in post-ICU follow-up are defined.
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| 3584. |
- Åkerström, Ulla, 1964
(författare)
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Le traduzioni della Commedia in Scandinavia
- 2010
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Ingår i: Il Dante degli altri. La Divina Commedia nella letteratura europea del Novecento, a cura di Dante Marianacci, Istituto Italiano di Cultura Vienna. ; , s. 31-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3585. |
- Åkesson, Lisa, 1960-
(författare)
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Cape Verdean notions of migrant remittances
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cadernos de Estudos Africanos. - : OpenEdition. - 1645-3794 .- 2182-7400. ; :20, s. 139-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 3586. |
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| 3587. |
- Åneman, Anders, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The future role of the Scandinavian anaesthesiologist: a web-based survey.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1399-6576 .- 0001-5172. ; 54:9, s. 1071-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Board of the Scandinavian Society for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (SSAI) decided in 2008 to undertake a survey among members of the SSAI aiming at exploring some key points of training, professional activities and definitions of the specialty.
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| 3588. |
- Åsberg, Cristine, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency: enzyme and mutation analysis performed on calcitriol-stimulated monocytes with a note on long-term prognosis.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of inherited metabolic disease. - : Wiley. - 1573-2665.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) deficiency is an inborn error of metabolism in the gluconeogenetic pathway. During periods of low food intake or infections, a defect in FBPase can result in hypoglycemia, ketonuria and metabolic acidosis. We established a diagnostic system for FBPase deficiency consisting of enzyme activity measurement and mutation detection in calcitriol-stimulated monocytes. In healthy individuals, we showed that FBPase activity is present in monocytes but not in other leukocytes. We describe the clinical course of four individuals from two Swedish families with FBPase deficiency. Family 1: patient 1 died at the age of 6 months after a severe episode with hypoglycemia and acidosis; patients 2 and 3 were followed for >30 years and were found to have a very favorable long-term prognosis. Their FBPase activity from jejunum (residual activity 15-25% of healthy controls), mixed leukocytes (low or normal levels), and calcitriol-stimulated monocytes (no detectable activity) was compared. Mutation analysis showed they were heterozygous for two genetic alterations (c.778G>A; c.881G>A), predicting amino acid exchanges at position p.G260R and p.G294E, originating from their parents. Family 2: patient 4 had no detectable levels of FBPase in stimulated monocytes. A mutation (c.648C>G) predicting a premature stop codon at position p.Y216X was found in one allele and a large deletion of about 300 kb, where the genes FBP2, FBP1 and a part of ONPEP are located, in the other. In conclusion, we present a reliable diagnostic system to verify an FBPase deficiency and find the genetic aberration.
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| 3589. |
- Åsberg, Jakob, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Discourse comprehension intervention for high-functioning students with autism spectrum disorders: preliminary findings from a school-based study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs. ; 10:2, s. 91-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) demonstrate comprehension difficulties. In the present study, 12 high-functioning Swedish students with ASD (aged 10–15 years) took part in a naturalistic classroom-based intervention to support comprehension of connected narrative discourse. An effective approach for supporting discourse comprehension in children with ASD was assumed to include: (i) providing teachers and students with a shared and explicit set of concepts for talking and thinking about the activity of comprehension, that (ii) can structure the child’s discourse comprehension under scaffolding and modelling from the teacher. In the pre-testing session, the students with ASD presented with poor discourse comprehension but receptive vocabulary and reading decoding skills close to normative performance. Post-intervention test results, following 4 weeks of training, indicated specific and significant improvements in discourse comprehension. Support for the potential of this type of teaching was also obtained from teachers and students. The teachers reported that they would continue to use the same or similar comprehension instruction for 11 out of 12 students, and for multiple reasons, and students were also mostly positive to the training. Implications for practice and further research are discussed, as are limitations of the study.
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| 3590. |
- Åsberg, Jakob, 1978
(författare)
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Patterns of language and discourse comprehension skills in school-aged children with autism spectrum disorders
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - 0036-5564. ; 51:6, s. 534-539
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study examined patterns of language and discourse comprehension skills in Swedish school-aged children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (n = 16) as compared to a slightly younger group of typically developing children (n = 16) matched for non-verbal cognitive ability. Results suggested significantly lower abilities in narrative discourse comprehension for the ASD group, but not in oral receptive vocabulary or reception of grammar. This difficulty with discourse-level comprehension appeared to be of a general nature, as no evidence was found for the hypothesis that participants with ASD would find comprehension of inferential discourse information disproportionally more difficult than stated information, or for the hypothesis that discourse processing in ASD would be characterized by an elevated processing of explicitly stated narrative details. The study has clinical and educational implications, as the findings suggest that children with ASD would benefit from being offered specific support for discourse-level comprehension.
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