| 12801. |
- Lögdal, Nestor, et al.
(författare)
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Individual Fluctuations in Blood Lactate Concentration During an Ice Hockey Game; Differences Between Player Positions
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Exercise Science. - : Western Kentucky University. - 1939-795X. ; 15:6, s. 985-993
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 985-993, 2022. The main purpose of the current study was to provide an in-depth description of individual player’s intra-game physiological responses during an ice hockey game. A secondary aim was to compare these responses between forwards and defensemen. Six elite junior ice hockey players, three forwards and three defensemen, median (interquartile range) 17 (17–17) years, 182 (180– 185) cm, and 78 (74– 80) kg were recruited to participate in the study. Capillary blood samples were taken following each shift and analyzed for blood lactate concentration (BLC). Heart rate (HR) was registered continuously throughout the game. The game was filmed and shift lengths were determined retrospectively using a time-motion analysis. All players had BLC ranging between 1.8 and 10.7 mmol/L (mean = 5.5 mmol/L), with forwards reaching a significantly higher value than defensive players (F1,32 = 75.2, p < 0.0001), a significant effect of time was also observed (F2,25 = 6.4, p = 0.0058). During the game, the players accumulated 11:18 ± 5:04 (minutes:seconds) above 90% of their maximal heart rate (HRmax), but the majority of the time was below 80% of HRmax. The fluctuations in BLC and heart rate demonstrate that the intensity is highly variable during games and challenges both aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways. The higher BLC of forwards might indicate that they perform more high-intensity work during games than defensive players.
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| 12802. |
- Lönnell, Niklas, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Production of diaspores at the landscape level regulates local colonization : an experiment with a spore-dispersed moss
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ecography. - : Wiley. - 0906-7590 .- 1600-0587. ; 37:6, s. 591-598
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective dispersal is crucial to species inhabiting transient substrates in order for them to be able to persist in a landscape. Bryophytes, pteridophytes, lichens and fungi all have wind-dispersed small diaspores and can be efficiently dispersed if their diaspores reach air masses above canopy height. However, empirical data on dispersal over landscape scales are scarce. We investigated how the colonization of an acrocarpous clay-inhabiting pioneer moss, Discelium nudum, varied between sites that differed in connectivity to potential dispersal sources at spatial scales from 1 to 20 km in a region in northern Sweden. We recorded the colonization on ˜25 introduced clay heaps at each of 14 experimental sites some months after the dispersal period. The colonization rate ranged from 0–82% and had a statistically significant relationship with a proxy for potential habitats (amount of clay-dominated soil) in a buffer of 20 km radius surrounding the experimental sites (and also weakly with the amount of substrate in a 10 km buffer). There were no significant relationships between colonization rate and connectivity at smaller scales (1 and 5 km). We made a rough estimate of the number of spores available for dispersal in a landscape, given the amount of clay-dominated soil, by recording the number of Discelium nudum colonies in two 25 × 25 km landscapes. The estimated available spore numbers in the different 20 km buffers were of the same order of magnitude as the deposition densities at the experimental sites calculated from the colonization rates. The results suggest that the spores of species with scattered occurrences and small diaspores (25 μm) in open landscapes can be deposited over extensive areas, at rates high enough to drive colonization patterns. This also implies that regional connectivity may be more important than local connectivity for these kinds of species.
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| 12803. |
- Lönnell, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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The Fate of the Missing Spores - Patterns of Realized Dispersal beyond the Closest Vicinity of a Sporulating Moss
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:7, s. e41987-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well-known that many species with small diaspores can disperse far during extended temporal scales (many years). However, studies on short temporal scales usually only cover short distances (in, e.g., bryophytes up to 15 m). By using a novel experimental design, studying the realized dispersal, we extend this range by almost two orders of magnitude. We recorded establishment of the fast-growing moss Discelium nudum on introduced suitable substrates, placed around a translocated, sporulating mother colony. Around 2,000 pots with acidic clay were placed at different distances between 5 m and 600 m, in four directions, on a raised bog, with increased pot numbers with distance. The experiment was set up in April-May and the realized dispersal (number of colonized pots) was recorded in September. Close to the mother colony (up to 10 m), the mean colonization rates (ratio of colonized pots) exceeded 50%. At distances between 10 and 50 m colonization dropped sharply, but beyond 50 m the mean colonization rates stabilized and hardly changed (1-3%). The estimated density of spores causing establishments at the further distances (2-6 spores/m(2)) was realistic when compared to the estimated spore output from the central colonies. Our study supports calculations from earlier studies, limited to short distances, that a majority of the spores disperse beyond the nearest vicinity of a source. The even colonization pattern at further distances raises interesting questions about under what conditions spores are transported and deposited. However, it is clear that regular establishment is likely at the km-scale for this and many other species with similar spore output and dispersal mechanism.
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| 12804. |
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| 12805. |
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| 12806. |
- Lövgren, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Telling the truth to dying children — end-of-life communication with families
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 108:11, s. 2111-2112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communicating a terminal prognosis is challenging for patients, families and healthcare professionals. However, positive effects have been reported when children are told about their diagnosis and prognosis, including fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression and enhanced adherence to treatment (1). When research about prognostic communication was first published in the 1950s and 1960s, it recommended protecting children from bad news. By the late 1960s, a more open approach was recommended and by the late 1980s the advice was to always tell children. There has been a growing awareness of the complexity of prognostic disclosure and the need to balance often competing factors, such as hope and patient and family considerations, on a case-to-case basis (2).
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| 12807. |
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| 12808. |
- Lööw, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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A CHANGING WORK ENVIRONMENT IN THE WAKE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC? – OBSERVATIONS FROM MANAGERS IN A SWEDISH MINING COMPANY
- 2023
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Ingår i: Occupational Safety and Hygiene – SHO2023 Proceedings Book. - : Portuguese Society of Occupational Safety and Hygiene (SPOSHO). - 9789895486342 ; , s. 376-389, s. 376-389
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has changed work life in many ways for many people; however, it is still an open question as to what changes will become permanent and what aspects of work life will return to that which was considered “normal” before the pandemic.Objective: In this study, the authors describe and analyse the effects of Covid-19 on managers in a large Swedish mining company.Method: This study is based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. Empirical material is used to explore the effects of the pandemic on the work environments of managers. Results are based on interviews in combination with a self-assessment process regarding how the managers allocated their work time during a work week.Results: The results describe the work activities of the studied managers supported with quotes from interview studies to illustrate to most central observations of how work has changed due to the Covid-19 pandemic.Conclusion: The results are summarized into six hypotheses: 1) the workday was densified due to remote meetings; 2) "double work" during meetings was the rule, rather than the exception; 3) meetings became more focused; 4) meetings became more accessible; 5) the manager became less operational; and 6) a new work culture was created.Application: This is an exploratory study of consequences and effects of Covid-19 pandemic summarized in six hypotheses that can befruitful for further and future studies.
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| 12809. |
- M, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Enol Ethers as Substrates for Efficient Z- and Enantioselective Ring-Opening/Cross-Metathesis Reactions Promoted by Stereogenic-at-Mo Complexes; Utility in Chemical Synthesis and Mechanistic Attributes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 134:5, s. 2788-2799
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first examples of catalytic enantioselective ring-opening/cross- metathesis (EROCM) reactions that involve enol ethers are reported. Specifically, we demonstrate that catalytic EROCM of several oxa-and azabicycles, cyclobutenes and a cyclopropene with an alkyl-or aryl-substituted enol ether proceed readily in the presence of a stereogenic-at-Mo monopyrrolide-monoaryloxide. In some instances, as little as 0.15 mol % of the catalytically active alkylidene is sufficient to promote complete conversion within 10 min. The desired products are formed in up to 90% yield and >99:1 enantiomeric ratio (er) with the disubstituted enol ether generated in >90% Z selectivity. The enol ether of the enantiomerically enriched products can be easily differentiated from the terminal alkene through a number of functionalization procedures that lead to the formation of useful intermediates for chemical synthesis (e.g., efficient acid hydrolysis to afford the enantiomerically enriched carboxaldehyde). In certain cases, enantioselectivity is strongly dependent on enol ether concentration: larger equivalents of the cross partner leads to the formation of products of high enantiomeric purity (versus near racemic products with one equivalent). The length of reaction time can be critical to product enantiomeric purity; high enantioselectivity in reactions that proceed to >98% conversion in as brief a reaction time as 30 s can be nearly entirely eroded within 30 min. Mechanistic rationale that accounts for the above characteristics of the catalytic process is provided. © 2012 American Chemical Society.
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| 12810. |
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