| 61. |
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| 62. |
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| 63. |
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| 64. |
- Ahlm, Kristin, et al.
(author)
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Blood loss in exsanguination deaths
- 2011
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In: Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. - 0973-9122. ; 5:2, s. 5-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deaths by exsanguination among various underlying causes of death were analyzed in order to expand the knowledge on the relation of extravasated blood volume to other documented parameters. A consecutive series of 193 cases of ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm (n=13), gunshot wounds (n=63), stab wounds (n=28), rib fractures (n=5), and blunt injury to thoracic aorta (n=84) were investigated. The amount of internal bleeding into pleural cavities only varied greatly (200-3,400 ml) with a mean value of 1,174 ml, slightly higher among males. Age, body weight, cause and manner of death, external bleeding, alcohol inebriation, multiplicity of injuries, and degree of coronary heart disease did not significantly affect the amount of internal (pleural) bleeding. Also, post-mortem delay to autopsy did not correlated to the amount of extravasated blood, indicating that post-mortem bleeding is of no importance in these days.
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| 65. |
- Ahlm, Kristin, et al.
(author)
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Unnatural deaths in reindeer-herding Sami families in Sweden, 1961-2001
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 69:2, s. 129-137
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Unnatural deaths among Indigenous populations, including the Swedish Sami, occur more often than among the general population. To find prevention strategies, we explored the circumstances of the unnatural deaths of members of reindeer-herding Sami families.STUDY DESIGN: The number of deaths from among a cohort of 7,482 members of reindeer-herding Sami families were retrieved from the National Board of Health and Welfare for the years 1961- 2001.METHODS: An evaluation of the information from autopsy records at the National Board of Forensic Medicine, police reports, and available medical records identified 158 unnatural deaths. These were then analysed in detail.RESULTS: Transport-related deaths and suicides were the most common unnatural deaths among Swedish reindeer-herding Sami family members. Suicides contributed to 23% of all deaths, road traffic accidents to 16%, and snowmobile fatalities to 11%. The accidents generally reflected an "outdoor lifestyle" and the working conditions were characterized by the use of off-road vehicles such as snowmobiles. Half of the number of victims tested positive for alcohol and alcohol abuse was documented in 15% of all victims.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that alcohol is an important factor in preventing unnatural deaths among reindeer-herding Sami, together with increased safety of both on-road and off-road transportation.
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| 66. |
- Ahlström, Björn, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Measuring the social and civic objectives of schools
- 2010
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In: School leadership. - Bern : Peter Lang Publishing Group. - 9789048135004 - 9789048135011 ; , s. 19-37
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This study is part of a Swedish project "Structure, Culture, Leadership – prerequisites for successful schools?" The study presents a tool for the analysis of school outcomes. How can social and civic objectives be measured and what differences between schools can be found when it comes to achieving these objectives? The aim is to assess the pupils' development through a questionnaire based on the curriculum in areas like: democratic values, communication, respect for human differences, self-consciousness, responsibility, critical evaluation, creativity. The study is conducted among 2128 pupils in 24 secondary schools in 12 municipalities. Results show that it is possible to develop an instrument based on the Swedish steering documents. It's also obvious that school differences can be assessed with the Social and Civic Objectives Scale (SCOS) Using the SCOS instrument helps us to broaden the definition of a "successful school" by incorporating academic as well as social and civic objectives.
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| 67. |
- Ahlström, Björn, 1972-
(author)
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Mobbning och skolans sociala mål
- 2011. - 1
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In: Struktur, kultur och ledarskap. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144067544 ; , s. 153-174
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 68. |
- Ahlström, Björn, 1972-
(author)
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Student participation and school success : A study about participation, grades and bullying among 9th grade students in Sweden
- 2010
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In: Education Inquiry. - Umeå : Umeå School of Education, Umeå university. - 2000-4508. ; 1:2, s. 97-115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the Swedish school law and curriculum it is stated that students shall be participative in their work. They should work in a participative manner and the pedagogical idea is that influence and participation has multiple benefits for the students’ development. In this article the relationship between student participation and school success is examined. By using a theoretically based participation index eight schools were chosen to be closer examined. Success was measured by the schools grades and the level of perceived bullying among the students. Student participation seems to have beneficial effects on the students’ academic and social development. In schools that have higher level of student participation the grades were higher and the level of perceived bullying among the students was lower than schools with a lower level of participation.
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| 69. |
- Ahlström, Björn, 1972-
(author)
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Student participation and school success : the relationship between participation, grades and bullying among 9th grade students in sweden
- 2010
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In: Education Inquiry. - : Routledge. - 2000-4508. ; 1:2, s. 97-115
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Swedish school law and curriculum states that students shall be participative in their work. They should work in a participative manner and the pedagogical idea is that influence and participation has multiple benefits for students’ development. In this article the relationship between student participation and school success is examined. By using a theoretically-based participation index eight schools were chosen for closer examination. Success was measured by school grades and the level of perceived bullying among students. Student participation seems to have beneficial effects on students’ academic and social development. In schools with a higher level of student participation the grades were higher and the level of perceived bullying among the students was lower than schools with a lower level of participation.
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| 70. |
- Ahlström, Katarina, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Exogenous carbon monoxide does not affect cell membrane energy availability assessed by sarcolemmal calcium fluxes during myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion in the pig
- 2011
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In: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - 0265-0215 .- 1365-2346. ; 28:5, s. 356-362
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carbon monoxide is thought to be cytoprotective and may hold therapeutic promise for mitigating ischaemic injury. The purpose of this study was to test low-dose carbon monoxide for protective effects in a porcine model of acute myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. In acute open-thorax experiments in anaesthetised pigs, pretreatment with low-dose carbon monoxide (5% increase in carboxyhaemoglobin) was conducted for 120 min before localised ischaemia (45 min) and reperfusion (60 min) was performed using a coronary snare. Metabolic and injury markers were collected by microdialysis sampling in the ventricular wall. Recovery of radio-marked calcium delivered locally by microperfusate was measured to assess carbon monoxide treatment effects during ischaemia/reperfusion on the intracellular calcium pool. Coronary occlusion and ischaemia/reperfusion were analysed for 16 animals (eight in each group). Changes in glucose, lactate and pyruvate from the ischaemic area were observed during ischaemia and reperfusion interventions, though there was no difference between carbon monoxide-treated and control groups during ischaemia or reperfusion. Similar results were observed for glycerol and microdialysate Ca-45(2+) recovery. These findings show that a relatively low and clinically relevant dose of carbon monoxide did not seem to provide acute protection as indicated by metabolic, energy-related and injury markers in a porcine myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion experimental model. We conclude that protective effects of carbon monoxide related to ischaemia/reperfusion either require higher doses of carbon monoxide or occur later after reperfusion than the immediate time frame studied here. More study is needed to characterise the mechanism and time frame of carbon monoxide-related cytoprotection.
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