| 11. |
- Padyukov, L., et al.
(författare)
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Polymorphism in promoter region of IL10 gene is associated with rheumatoid arthritis in women
- 2004
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Ingår i: J Rheumatol. - 0315-162X. ; 31:3, s. 422-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a genetically complex disease with many possible phenotypes. We investigated IL10 and TNFA gene polymorphisms in a group of Swedish women and men with RA compared with healthy individuals to estimate combinations of alleles specific for the disease. METHODS: We analyzed 264 patients with RA and 286 healthy controls for biallelic single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the -308 position of the TNFA and in the -1087 position of the IL10 gene by polymerase chain reaction with restriction endonuclease mapping. RESULTS: The frequencies of the -308 TNFA genotypes were not different in women and men with RA in comparison to the controls. In contrast, frequencies of the GG, AG, and AA -1087 IL10 genotypes were significantly different in women in the investigated groups: 26%, 58%, and 15% for RA patients and 24%, 54%, and 28% for the controls (chi-square = 8.18, p < 0.02). We confirmed this finding in a separate dataset of female patients and controls. The frequencies of the IL10 genotypes in men were similar in the patients and controls. We found no differences in the distribution of the TNFA or IL10 genotypes in relation to rheumatoid factor in the patients. CONCLUSION: On the basis of IL10 polymorphism, female patients with RA seem to represent a separate disease subgroup.
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| 12. |
- Saleemi, M A, et al.
(författare)
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Feeding patterns, diarrhoeal illness and linear growth in 0-24-month-old children.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of tropical pediatrics. - 0142-6338. ; 50:3, s. 164-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to study the impact of simple healthcare interventions in 0-24-month-old children living in rural communities outside Lahore, Pakistan. Newborns belonging to four birth cohorts were followed monthly from 0-24 months of age living in rural communities. Three cohorts were from the same village: Cohort A (1984-1987), n = 485; Cohort B (1990-1992), n = 544; and Cohort C (1995-1997), n = 518. A fourth, Cohort D, was from neighbouring villages (1995-1997), n = 444. Findings from Cohort A formed the basis of a healthcare programme, including promotion of optimal breastfeeding practices, advice on oral rehydration therapy, and continued feeding during diarrhoea. The outcome measures studied were time of initiation of breastfeeding, feeding of prelacteals, exclusive breastfeeding, diarrhoeal illnesses, and postnatal linear growth. The median time of initiation of breastfeeding decreased from 47 to 3 h and exclusive breastfeeding increased from 5 per cent in Cohort A to more than 80 per cent in the subsequent cohorts, at 1 month of age. No prelacteals were given to 34 per cent of newborns in later cohorts compared with 100 per cent in Cohort A. Diarrhoeal illnesses during the first 6 months had reduced significantly. Postnatal linear growth improved by about 3 cm in the later cohorts. Appropriate changes in breastfeeding practices through integrated and focused healthcare, especially antenatally, can reduce diarrhoeal illnesses, and sustain and improve linear growth in young children.
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| 13. |
- Svensson, K, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of anti-secretory factor in human milk may prevent mastitis.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). - : Wiley. - 0803-5253. ; 93:9, s. 1228-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of the study was to try to induce anti-secretory factor (AF) in human milk and possibly prevent mastitis. METHODS: Forty mothers who had normal deliveries and healthy full-term infants were randomly divided into two groups, 3-7 days postpartum. The experimental group received a food inducing AF. The control group received the same type of food, without AF-inducing properties. Milk was tested for AF after the mothers had eaten the cereals for 4-5 wk. AF was determined by intravenous injection of milk samples into rats measuring their capacity to prevent secretion into a gut loop of the rat injected with cholera toxin. RESULTS: The median levels of AF differed between the experimental (n = 12) and control groups (n = 16): 1.1 (0.7-1.25) units vs 0.1 (0.0-0.25) units, Z = -4.492, p < 0.0001 (11 mothers dropped out and one milk sample is missing from one of the control mothers). The frequency of mastitis in the experimental compared with the control group was reduced (p = 0.0086, permutation test). The median AF levels in mothers with or without mastitis differed; 0.0 (0.0-0.1) vs 0.5 (0.2-1.1), Z = -2.399, p = 0.017. CONCLUSION: We suggest a specially treated cereal induces AF in human milk and protects against clinically manifested mastitis.
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