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Sökning: LAR1:lu > Jönköping University > (2005-2009) > Tidskriftsartikel > Lunds universitet > (2008)

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1.
  • Andersson, Bodil T., et al. (författare)
  • Radiographers' areas of professional competence related to good nursing care
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 22:3, s. 401-409
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Radiographers' ability and competence is a matter of vital importance for patients. Nursing care is an integral part of the radiographer's work. The demand for high competence in clinical activities has increased in diagnostic radiology and has had an impact on the development of the profession.AIM: The aim was to describe the radiographer's areas of professional competence in relation to good nursing care based on critical incidents that occur in the course of radiological examinations and interventions.METHOD: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach, using the Critical Incident Technique was employed. Interviews were conducted with a strategic sample of registered radiographers (n = 14), based at different hospitals in Sweden.ETHICAL ISSUES: The appropriate ethical principles were followed. All the participants provided informed consent, and formal approval for conducting the research was obtained according to national and local directives.RESULTS: The data analysis resulted in two main areas; direct and indirect patient-related areas of competence, which describe the radiographers' skills that either facilitate or hinder good nursing care. In the direct patient-related area of competence, four categories emerged, which illustrate good nursing care in the patient's immediate surroundings. In the indirect patient-related area of competence, four categories illuminated good nursing care that is provided without direct contact with the patient.CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the different areas of the radiographer's unique professional competence. The findings provide insight into the radiographer's profession, on one hand as a carer and on the other as a medical technologist as well as highlighting the importance of each role. The radiographer's work encompasses a variety of components--from caring for the patient to handling and checking the technical equipment.
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3.
  • Holm, Jerker, et al. (författare)
  • Trust in surveys and games - A methodological contribution on the influence of money and location
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Economic Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7719 .- 0167-4870. ; 29:4, s. 522-542
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper explores methods to study trust. In a variety of settings, answers to survey questions and choices in a trust game are obtained from student sample pools. Some subjects are approached by mail and execute their task at home whereas others participate in classroom experiments. No differences between the results obtained by these methods are observed. Furthermore, one additional group plays the trust game with purely hypothetical payments, and another receives random lottery payments. This changes trust behavior dramatically, whereas trustworthiness is unaffected. Subjects without any financial incentives exhibit less trust and their trust choices are significantly correlated with survey trust answers. There is no such correlation for the corresponding choices with real payments. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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4.
  • Moodysson, Jerker, et al. (författare)
  • Explaining spatial patterns of innovation: analytical and synthetic modes of knowledge creation in the Medicon Valley life-science cluster
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Environment & Planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 40:5, s. 1040-1056
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The authors address the dichotomy around 'proximate' and 'distant' learning processes by looking specifically at the characteristics of the knowledge-creation process. By way of suggesting an alternative conceptualization to the well-known tacit-codified knowledge dichotomy, they propose a distinction between 'analytical' and 'synthetic' modes of knowledge creation. Analytical knowledge creation refers to the understanding and explaining of features of the (natural) world. Synthetic knowledge creation refers to the design or construction of something to attain functional goals. By applying this framework to qualitative empirics from the Medicon Valley life-science cluster, the authors demonstrate the complementarity of globally distributed analytical knowledge creation and locally oriented synthetic knowledge creation.
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5.
  • Moodysson, Jerker (författare)
  • Principles and Practices of Knowledge Creation: On the Organization of "Buzz" and "Pipelines" in Life Science Communities
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Economic Geography. - : Wiley. - 0013-0095 .- 1944-8287. ; 84:4, s. 449-469
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article links up with the debate in economic geography on "local buzz" and "global pipelines" as two distinct forms of interactive knowledge creation among firms and related actors and argues for a rethinking of the way social scientists should approach interactive knowledge creation. It highlights the importance of combining the insights from studies of clusters and innovation systems with an activity-oriented approach in which more attention is paid to the specific characteristics of the innovation processes and the conditions underpinning their organization. To illustrate the applicability and added value of such an alternative approach, the notion of embeddedness is linked with some basic ideas adopted from the literature on knowledge communities. The framework is then applied to a study of innovation activities conducted by firms and academic research groups working with biotechnology-related applications in the Swedish part of the Medicon Valley life science region. The findings reveal that local buzz is largely absent in these types of activities. Most interactive knowledge creation, which appears to be spontaneous and unregulated, is, on closer examination, found safely embedded in globally configured professional knowledge communities and attainable only by those who qualify.
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6.
  • Samuelson, KA, et al. (författare)
  • Light vs. heavy sedation during mechanical ventilation after oesophagectomy : a pilot experimental study focusing on memory.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 52:8, s. 1116-1123
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: To assess and compare the feasibility and stressful memories of light vs. heavy sedation during post-operative mechanical ventilation. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial in one general intensive care unit (ICU) in a Swedish university hospital. Thirty-six adults were randomly assigned to receive either light [Motor Activity Assessment Scale (MAAS) 3-4] or heavy (MAAS 1-2) sedation with continuous i.v. infusion of propofol during post-operative invasive mechanical ventilation after oesophagectomy. The patients were interviewed at the general ward 5 days post-ICU using the ICU Memory Tool and the ICU Stressful Experience Questionnaire, and 2 months post-ICU using the Impact of Event Scale Revised. Patient data and hourly recorded MAAS values were collected after the interviews. RESULTS: Seventy-four per cent of the 139 MAAS values in the light sedation group (n=18) and 79% of the 142 in the heavy sedation group (n=18) were within the targeted levels, and the median MAAS scores were 3.0 vs. 1.25, respectively. Intention-to-treat analyses showed no significant difference in the prevalence of stressful memories between groups, including endotracheal tube discomfort, presenting wide 95% confidence intervals for the difference in outcome estimates. Excluding the patients with a prolonged ICU stay (n=3), a higher prevalence of delusional memories was found in the heavy sedation group (31% vs. 0%, P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: This small randomized-controlled pilot study suggests that a light sedation regimen during short-term post-operative mechanical ventilation after major surgery is feasible without increasing patient discomfort.
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7.
  • Sjöström-Strand, Annica, et al. (författare)
  • Women's descriptions of symptoms and delay reasons in seeking medical care at the time of a first myocardial infarction: A qualitative study.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-491X .- 0020-7489. ; 45:7, s. 1003-1010
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of mortality in women. Women have also been identified as late presenters in seeking medical care. Aim The aim of this study was to explore and describe women's symptoms and the reasons for delay in seeking medical care at the time of the first myocardial infarction (MI). Methods The study had an explorative and descriptive design based on content analysis approach. Nineteen women were interviewed at the hospital 2 or 3 days after hospitalisation. Results The result showed that the women had difficulties interpreting, understanding and linking the symptoms to CHD. They tried to handle the discomfort and even the chest pain, rather then ask for professional help. The women had problems with making the final decision. Conclusion Women need to be made aware of the clinical symptoms of CHD, in order to understand the consequences of delay in seeking medical care following an MI.
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  • Resultat 1-7 av 7

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