| 1. |
- Ivanenko, Yevhen, et al.
(författare)
-
Optical theorems and physical bounds on absorption in lossy media
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Optics Express. - : Optical Society of America. - 1094-4087. ; 27:23, s. 34323-34342
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two different versions of an optical theorem for a scattering body embedded inside a lossy background medium are derived in this paper. The corresponding fundamental upper bounds on absorption are then obtained in closed form by elementary optimization techniques. The first version is formulated in terms of polarization currents (or equivalent currents) inside the scatterer and generalizes previous results given for a lossless medium. The corresponding bound is referred to here as a variational bound and is valid for an arbitrary geometry with a given material property. The second version is formulated in terms of the T-matrix parameters of an arbitrary linear scatterer circumscribed by a spherical volume and gives a new fundamental upper bound on the total absorption of an inclusion with an arbitrary material property (including general bianisotropic materials). The two bounds are fundamentally different as they are based on different assumptions regarding the structure and the material property. Numerical examples including homogeneous and layered (core-shell) spheres are given to demonstrate that the two bounds provide complimentary information in a given scattering problem.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ivanenko, Yevhen
(författare)
-
Optimization and Physical Bounds for Passive and Non-passive Systems
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Physical bounds in electromagnetic field theory have been of interest for more than a decade. Considering electromagnetic structures from the system theory perspective, as systems satisfying linearity, time-invariance, causality and passivity, it is possible to characterize their transfer functions via Herglotz functions. Herglotz functions are useful in modeling of passive systems with applications in mathematical physics, engineering, and modeling of wave phenomena in materials and scattering. Physical bounds on passive systems can be derived in the form of sum rules, which are based on low- and high-frequency asymptotics of the corresponding Herglotz functions. These bounds provide an insight into factors limiting the performance of a given system, as well as the knowledge about possibilities to improve a desired system from a design point of view. However, the asymptotics of the Herglotz functions do not always exist for a given system, and thus a new method for determination of physical bounds is required. In Papers I–II of this thesis, a rigorous mathematical framework for a convex optimization approach based on general weighted Lp-norms, 1≤p≤∞, is introduced. The developed framework is used to approximate a desired system response, and to determine an optimal performance in realization of a system satisfying the target requirement. The approximation is carried out using Herglotz functions, B-splines, and convex optimization. Papers III–IV of this thesis concern modeling and determination of optimal performance bounds for causal, but not passive systems. To model them, a new class of functions, the quasi-Herglotz functions, is introduced. The new functions are defined as differences of two Herglotz functions and preserve the majority of the properties of Herglotz functions useful for the mathematical framework based on convex optimization. We consider modeling of gain media with desired properties as a causal system, which can be active over certain frequencies or frequency intervals. Here, sum rules can also be used under certain assumptions.In Papers V–VII of this thesis, the optical theorem for scatterers immersed in lossy media is revisited. Two versions of the optical theorem are derived: one based on internal equivalent currents and the other based on external fields in terms of a T-matrix formalism, respectively. The theorems are exploited to derive fundamental bounds on absorption by using elementary optimization techniques. The theory has a potential impact in applications where the surrounding losses cannot be neglected, e.g., in medicine, plasmonic photothermal therapy, radio frequency absorption of gold nanoparticle suspensions, etc. In addition to this, a new method for detection of electrophoretic resonances in a material with Drude-type of dispersion, which is placed in a straight waveguide, is proposed.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ivanenko, Yevhen, et al.
(författare)
-
Passive Approximation and Optimization Using B-Splines
- 2019
-
Ingår i: SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics. - : SIAM PUBLICATIONS. - 0036-1399 .- 1095-712X. ; 79:1, s. 436-458
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A passive approximation problem is formulated where the target function is an arbitrary complex-valued continuous function defined on an approximation domain consisting of a finite union of closed and bounded intervals on the real axis. The norm used is a weighted L-p-norm where 1 <= p <= infinity. The approximating functions are Herglotz functions generated by a measure with Holder continuous density in an arbitrary neighborhood of the approximation domain. Hence, the imaginary and the real parts of the approximating functions are Holder continuous functions given by the density of the measure and its Hilbert transform, respectively. In practice, it is useful to employ finite B-spline expansions to represent the generating measure. The corresponding approximation problem can then be posed as a finite-dimensional convex optimization problem which is amenable for numerical solution. A constructive proof is given here showing that the convex cone of approximating functions generated by finite uniform B-spline expansions of fixed arbitrary order (linear, quadratic, cubic, etc.) is dense in the convex cone of Herglotz functions which are locally Holder continuous in a neighborhood of the approximation domain, as mentioned above. As an illustration, typical physical application examples are included regarding the passive approximation and optimization of a linear system having metamaterial characteristics, as well as passive realization of optimal absorption of a dielectric small sphere over a finite bandwidth.
|
|
| 4. |
- Ivanenko, Yevhen, et al.
(författare)
-
Passive approximation and optimization with B-splines
- 2017
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A passive approximation problem is formulated where the target function is an arbitrary complex valued continuous function defined on an approximation domain consisting of a closed interval of the real axis. The approximating function is any Herglotz function with a generating measure that is absolutely continuous with Hölder continuous density in an arbitrary neighborhood of the approximation domain. The norm used is induced by any of the standard Lp-norms where 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. The problem of interest is to study the convergence properties of simple Herglotz functions where the generating measures are given by finite B-spline expansions, and where the real part of the approximating functions are obtained via the Hilbert transform. In practice, such approximations are readily obtained as the solution to a finite- dimensional convex optimization problem. A constructive convergence proof is given in the case with linear B-splines, which is valid for all Lp-norms with 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. A number of useful analytical expressions are provided regarding general B-splines and their Hilbert transforms. A typical physical application example is given regarding the passive approximation of a linear system having metamaterial characteristics. Finally, the flexibility of the optimization approach is illustrated with an example concerning the estimation of dielectric material parameters based on given dispersion data.
|
|
| 5. |
- Ivanenko, Yevhen, et al.
(författare)
-
Quasi-Herglotz functions and convex optimization
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce the set of quasi-Herglotz functions and demonstrate that it has properties useful in the modeling of non-passive systems. The linear space of quasi-Herglotz functions constitutes a natural extension of the convex cone of Herglotz functions. It consists of differences of Herglotz functions, and we show that several of the important properties and modeling perspectives of Herglotz functions are inherited by the new set of quasi-Herglotz functions. In particular, this applies to their integral representations, the associated integral identities or sum rules (with adequate additional assumptions), their boundary values on the real axis and the associated approximation theory. Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the modeling of a non-passive gain media formulated as a convex optimization problem,where the generating measure is modeled by using a finite expansion of B-splines and point masses.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ivanenko, Yevhen, et al.
(författare)
-
Quasi-Herglotz functions and convex optimization
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce the set of quasi-Herglotz functions and demonstrate that it has properties useful in the modeling of non-passive systems.The linear space of quasi-Herglotz functions constitutes a natural extension of the convex cone of Herglotz functions. It consists of differences of Herglotz functions, and we show that several of the important properties and modeling perspectives of Herglotz functions are inherited by the new set of quasi-Herglotz functions.In particular, this applies to their integral representations, the associated integral identities or sum rules (with adequate additional assumptions), their boundary values on the real axis and the associated approximation theory.Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the modeling of a non-passive gain media formulated as a convex optimization problem,where the generating measure is modeled by using a finite expansion of B-splines and point masses.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ludvig-Osipov, Andrei, et al.
(författare)
-
Fundamental bounds on extraordinary transmission with experimental validation
- 2018
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents a study of extraordinary transmission (EoT) through arrays of sub-wavelength apertures. Fundamental limitations for this phenomenon are formulated as a sum rule, relating the transmission coefficient over a bandwidth to the static polarizability. The sum rule is rigorously derived for arbitrary periodic apertures in thin screens. By this sum rule we establish a physical bound on the bandwidth of EoT which is verified numerically for a number of aperture array designs. We utilize the sum rule to design and optimize sub-wavelength frequency selective surfaces with a bandwidth close to the physically attainable. Finally, we verify the sum rule and simulations by measurements of an array of horseshoe-shaped slots milled in aluminum foil.
|
|
| 8. |
- Ludvig-Osipov, Andrei, et al.
(författare)
-
Fundamental Bounds on Transmission Through Periodically Perforated Metal Screens With Experimental Validation
- 2020
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. - : IEEE. - 0018-926X .- 1558-2221. ; 68:2, s. 773-782
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents a study of transmission through arrays of periodic sub-wavelength apertures. Fundamental limitations for this phenomenon are formulated as a sum rule, relating the transmission coefficient over a bandwidth to the static polarizability. The sum rule is rigorously derived for arbitrary periodic apertures in thin screens. By this sum rule we establish a physical bound on the transmission bandwidth which is verified numerically for a number of aperture array designs. We utilize the sum rule to design and optimize sub-wavelength frequency selective surfaces with a bandwidth close to the physically attainable. Finally, we verify the sum rule and simulations by measurements of an array of horseshoe-shaped slots milled in aluminum foil.
|
|
| 9. |
- Nedic, Mitja, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
-
Herglotz functions and applications in electromagnetics
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Herglotz functions inevitably appear in pure mathematics, mathematical physics, and engineering with a wide range of applications. In particular, they are the pertinent functions to model passive systems, and thus appear in modeling of electromagnetic phenomena in circuits, antennas, materials, and scattering. In this chapter, we review the basic theory of Herglotz functions and its applications to determine sum rules and physical bounds for passive systems.
|
|
| 10. |
- Nedic, Mitja, et al.
(författare)
-
Herglotz functions and applications in electromagnetics
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Advances in Mathematical Methods for Electromagnetics. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology. - 9781785613845 - 9781785613852 ; , s. 491-514
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Herglotz functions inevitably appear in pure mathematics, mathematical physics, and engineering with a wide range of applications. In particular, they are the pertinent functions to model passive systems, and thus appear in modeling of electromagnetic phenomena in circuits, antennas, materials, and scattering. In this chapter, we review the basic theory of Herglotz functions and its applications to determine sum rules and physical bounds for passive systems.
|
|
