SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Pagels Joakim) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Pagels Joakim)

  • Resultat 181-190 av 317
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
181.
  • Omelekhina, Yuliya, et al. (författare)
  • Chemical composition of airborne particles inside and outside a Swedish residence assessed by real time aerosol mass spectrometry
  • 2018
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • A number of deleterious health effects have been identified from exposure to outdoor air-borne particulate matter. This issue is complicated by the fact that people are spending most of the time indoors, where particles of both indoor and outdoor origin are present. The aim of this work was to assess the differences in particle chemical composition inside and outside of the residence and gain better understanding about major contributors to the observed levels indoors. Our results showed that indoor aerosol mass concentration exceeded the outdoor values mainly due to the contribution of organic matter from indoor sources during the presence of the residents at home. The infiltration of chemical species from outdoors was not the major factor determining indoor aerosol mass concentration and chemical composition.1 INTRODUCTIONConsidering that on average in developed countries we spend about 65% (Brashe and Bis-chof) of our time in private homes, the understanding of exposure to particulate matter in homes is important, yet knowledge is sparse. Indoors, aerosol concentrations come from in-door sources, infiltrate from outdoors and can be formed through reactions of gas-phase precursors emitted both indoors and outdoors. Several characteristics and processes influence the properties of aerosols indoors, among them: active indoor sources (presence of occupants), outdoor aerosol characteristics, physicochemical particle transformations during infiltration and while indoors, ventilation type, tightness of the building envelope and particle deposition (Morawska et al., 2013). In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in chemical composition between aerosols inside and outside of the residence and to identify the origin of major contributors to the particle levels indoors. We report preliminary results of measure-ments for a 1-month period in an occupied apartment. 2 METHODS Indoor and outdoor measurements were performed in an occupied residence in Malmö, Swe-den. It was a naturally ventilated four-room apartment (292 m3), located in a three-store con-crete building surrounded by a green zone. A Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS, DeCarlo et al., 2006) was used to measure particle mass loadings and size-resolved mass distributions (size range of 50-500 nm) of indoor and outdoor organic, sulphate, nitrate, ammonium and chloride aerosols. An automatic switching valve alternated between indoor and outdoor lines with a time interval of 20 and 10 minutes in indoor and outdoor air, respectively. Both sampling lines were mounted at the ground floor level and led to the basement where the aerosol was dried and measured by AMS. Calculated residence time of the particles in line was 1.5 minutes. Indoor sampling line was heated and insulated, additional carrier flow was used to lower the resi-dence time. Indoor to outdoor (I/O) ratios were calculated and used for comparisons of differences in aerosol composition inside and outside of the residence.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONThe results showed higher total average mass concentration indoors (12.9 μg/m3) compared to outdoors (5.4 μg/m3) during entire measuring period. Indoor to outdoor (I/O) ratio for or-ganics was 6.7, for nitrate 0.3, for sulphate 0.5, for ammonium 0.2 and for chloride 0.2. Or-ganic matter was the dominant species indoors, accounting for most of the total mass (92 %) due to contribution from indoor sources during the time when residents were at home, i.e. occupancy period. Figure 1A illustrates elevated particle mass concentrations when different indoor activities took place. Effects of penetration and phase change of the outdoor particle species can be observed during non-occupancy period (Figure 1B). Non-occupancy time ac-counted only to 7 % of the total monitoring period and did not have much influence on parti-cle mass concentration indoors.Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and ammonium chlorine (NH4Cl) are semi-volatile aerosol species, thus, gas-to-particle partitioning depends on temperature, relative humidity, particle size and gas phase concentrations of ammonia, nitric acid and chlorine as outdoor air is transported indoors (Mozurkewich, 1993; Lunden et al., 2004). Such phase transitions are especially pronounced in the cold period of the year. The outdoor weather conditions varied during this time with Tout from -8.8 to 9.7 °C and RHout from 58 to 100 %. Indoors, Tin ranged from 20 to 26.1 °C and RHin from 27 to 50 %. Low value of I/O ratio for non-volatile sul-phate can be explained by dominating of the outdoor sources and reflects reduced infiltra-tion. The outdoor total mass concentration in urban sites measured by TOF-AMS was comparable with previous studies (Crippa et al., 2014; Jimenez et al., 2009). Some local sources, such as emissions from fireplaces by neighbours and from adjacent fast food restaurants could have contributed to the outdoor loadings. 4 CONCLUSIONSIn general, the differences in chemical composition of particles found indoors and outdoors becomes apparent from the results. Levels of organics in indoor environments were mainly influenced by indoor sources, thus, these should not be neglected when considering possible health effects. Additionally, reduced air exchange rate in the apartment in Scandinavia during wintertime enhanced aerosol accumulation and physicochemical transformation indoors.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThis work was financed by the Swedish Research Council FORMAS (Project Dnr 942-2015-1029).
  •  
182.
  • Omelekhina, Yuliya, et al. (författare)
  • Chemically-resolved particle mass composition in a Swedish residence assessed by a Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: ; , s. 1-2
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • A number of deleterious health effects have been identified from exposure to outdoor airborne particulate matter. Given that in developed countries we spend majority of our time indoors, in private homes about 65 % (Brashe et al., 2005), the understanding of this exposure is important, yet knowledge is sparse. Particle levels indoors are affected by indoor sources, infiltration from outdoors or particle mass forms through reactions of gas-phase precursors emitted both indoors and outdoors (Morawska et al., 2013). The aim of this work was to characterize a chemical composition of particle mass indoors, and to gain a better understanding about major contributors to the observed indoor levels with Aerosol Mass Spectrometer. We aimed to identify mass spectral signatures of specific indoor sources. This is preliminary results of measurements for a 1-month period.Indoor and outdoor measurements were performed in an occupied residence in Malmö, Sweden. It was a naturally ventilated four-room apartment (292 m3), located in a three-store concrete building surrounded by a green zone. A Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (DeCarlo et al., 2006) was used to measure particle mass loadings and size-resolved mass distributions (50-500 nm) of indoor and outdoor chemical species. An automatic switching valve alternated between indoor and outdoor lines with a time interval of 20 and 10 minutes, respectively. Both sampling lines were mounted at the ground floor level and led to the basement where the aerosols were dried and measured by AMS. Our results showed higher total average mass concentration indoors (12.9 μg/m3) compared to outdoors (5.4 μg/m3) over the entire measuring period. Indoor to outdoor (I/O) ratio for organics was 6.7, for sulphate 0.5, for nitrate 0.3, for ammonium 0.2 and for chloride 0.2. The dominant species indoors was organic matter, accounting for most of the total particle mass (92 %) due to contribution from indoor sources and from outdoor infiltration. Non-volatile sulphate showed reduced infiltration from outdoors. From comparison of outdoor and indoor concentrations of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride, which are sensitive to temperature and RH (Lunden et al., 2004), a clear reduction due to phase change was observed upon outdoor-to-indoor transport. We investigated different organic mass spectra for indoor events as recorded in the logbooks. The main events analysed comprised from various types of cooking and candle burning. They showed to emit different proportions of hydrocarbons and oxygenated organic species, which yield CxHy+, CxHyO+, CxHyOz+ ion classes. The relative intensity of CxHy+ ion class out of the total organic signal during frying was 65-68 %, deep-frying ~ 68 %, baking 60-70 %, other forms of cooking 60-68 %, candle burning 60-70%. For CxHyO+ ion class: frying 25-30 %, deep-frying 24-25 %, baking 27-32 %, cooking 25-31 %, candle burning 20-30 %. For CxHyOz+ ion family: frying 7-8%, deep-frying 7-8 %, cooking and baking 6-9 %, candle burning 6-8 %. The observed variability in organic mass spectral signature for different indoor sources should allow us to apply Positive Matrix Factorization for source apportionment and processes occurring in indoor air. This will help us to gain a better understanding about main contributors to the observed loading indoors.
  •  
183.
  • Omelekhina, Yuliya, et al. (författare)
  • Cooking and electronic cigarettes leading to large differences between indoor and outdoor particle composition and concentration measured by aerosol mass spectrometry
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Environmental Sciences: Processes and Impacts. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7895 .- 2050-7887. ; 22:6, s. 1382-1396
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We spend about two thirds of our time in private homes where airborne particles of indoor and outdoor origins are present. The negative health effects of exposure to outdoor particles are known. The characteristics of indoor airborne particles, though, are not well understood. This study assesses the differences in chemical composition of PM1 (<1 μm) inside and outside of an occupied Swedish residence in real time with a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and an Aethalometer. The chemical composition and concentration of particles indoors showed large differences compared to outdoors. The average indoor concentration was 15 μg m-3 and was higher than the outdoor 7 μg m-3. Organics dominated indoor particle composition (86% of the total mass) and originated from indoor sources (cooking, e-cigarette vaping). The average indoor to outdoor ratios were 5.5 for organic matter, 1.0 for black carbon, 0.6 for sulphate, 0.1 for nitrate, 0.2 for ammonium and 0.2 for chloride. The occupancy time accounted for 97% of the total measured period. Four factors were identified in the source apportionment of organic particle fraction by applying positive matrix factorization (PMF): two cooking factors, one e-cigarette factor and one outdoor contribution (OOA) organic factor penetrated from outside.
  •  
184.
  • Omelekhina, Yuliya, et al. (författare)
  • Indoor to outdoor ratio of particle chemical components in an occupied residence
  • 2017
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • IntroductionConsidering that on average in developed countries we spend about 65% of our time in private homes, understanding the exposures in homes is of outmost importance. Aerosol concentrations indoors come from indoor sources, infiltrate from outdoors and can be formed from precursors both of indoor and outdoor origin. Several characteristics and processes influence the properties of aerosols indoors, among them: active indoor sources (presence of occupants), outdoor aerosol characteristics, change of chemical composition upon infiltration (from outdoors to indoors), size dependant penetration from outdoors, ventilation, tightness of the building envelope and deposition (Morawska, et.al. 2013). In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in chemical composition between aerosols indoors and outdoors. We report preliminary results for 6-days period, with the full duration of the campaign of 1 month.MethodsMeasurements were conducted indoors and outdoors in an occupied residence in Malmo, Sweden. The apartment was naturally ventilated, had four bedrooms and a total area of 117 m2. It was located in a three-store concrete building and enclosed from other areas by green zone. Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS, DeCarlo, et al. 2006) was used to measure mass loadings and size-resolved mass distributions of indoor and outdoor organic, sulphate and nitrate particles. Two parallel sampling lines (indoor and outdoor) with automatically switching valve were used. The valve alternated the measurements between indoor and outdoor for 20 and 10 minutes, respectively. Both sampling lines were led to the basement where the aerosol was dried and measured by AMS. Calculated residence time of the particles in line was about 1.5 minutes. Indoor sampling line was heated and insulated, additional carrier flow was used to lower the residence time and ensure the same temperature. ConclusionsCalculated mean indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios were 3.4 for organics, 0.1 for nitrate, 0.5 for sulphate, 0.2 for ammonium. High I/O ratio for organics was due to high contribution from indoor sources. Indoor activities/sources that contributed to high organics loadings inside comprised of cooking, using of the oven, and candle burning. The nitrate I/O ratio was the lowest because of its evaporation indoors i.e. dissociation of ammonium nitrate particles into gases (nitric acid and ammonia) due to higher temperature and lower relative humidity compared to outdoors. The differences between the indoor and outdoor temperature and RH during the measurements time: outdoor temperatures varied from -1.5 to 7.1 °C and RH from 72 to 100 %; indoors, T ranged from 20 to 26 °C with RH from 27 to 50 %. Low value I/O ratio for non-volatile sulphate can be explained by dominating outdoor sources and reflects reduced infiltration. As can be seen from the Figure 1, during non-occupancy period, mass concentration of organics was very low - a few µg/m3, while with the presence of indoor activities led to organics loadings up to 1 mg/m3. In general, the results confirm differences in chemical composition of particles found indoors and outdoors. Levels of organics in indoor environments was mainly influenced by indoor sources, thus theses should not be neglected when considering possible health effects. This work was financed by the Swedish Research Council FORMAS (Project Dnr 942-2015-1029)
  •  
185.
  • Omelekhina, Yuliya, et al. (författare)
  • Particle indoor to outdoor ratio separated into chemical components in an occupied residence
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: ; , s. 26-412
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • IntroductionConsidering that on average in developed countries we spend about 65% of our time in private homes, understanding the exposures in homes is of outmost importance. Aerosol concentrations indoors come from indoor sources, infiltrate from outdoors and can be formed from precursors both of indoor and outdoor origin. Several characteristics and processes influence the properties of aerosols indoors, among them: active indoor sources (presence of occupants), outdoor aerosol characteristics, change of chemical composition upon infiltration (from outdoors to indoors), size dependent penetration from outdoors, ventilation, tightness of the building envelope and deposition (Morawska et al., 2013). In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in chemical composition between aerosols indoors and outdoors. We report preliminary results for 14-days period.MethodsIndoor and outdoor measurements were performed in an occupied residence in Malmö, Sweden. The residence was naturally ventilated four-bedroom apartment (117 m2), located in a three-store concrete building surrounded by a green zone. Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS, DeCarlo et al., 2006) was used to measure particle mass loadings and size-resolved mass distributions of indoor and outdoor organic, sulphate and nitrate. Automatically switching valve alternated between indoor and outdoor lines with the time resolution of 20 and 10 minutes, respectively. Both sampling lines were mounted at the ground floor level and led to the basement where the aerosol was dried and measured by AMS. Calculated residence time of the particles in line was 1.5 minutes. Indoor sampling line was heated and insulated, additional carrier flow was used to lower the residence time. ConclusionsIndoor to outdoor (I/O) ratios were calculated to investigate differences in chemical composition of particles inside and outside. I/O ratio for organics accounted to 5.6, for nitrate 0.2, for sulphate 0.5, and for ammonium 0.2. The I/O ratio for organic species was high due to the contribution from indoor sources. Figure 1, illustrates elevated particle mass concentrations during occupancy period when cooking activities took place such as – frying and baking, followed by candle burning. During non-occupancy period organics loadings were low indoors - a few µg/m3.The nitrate I/O ratio was the lowest because of its evaporation indoors i.e. dissociation of ammonium nitrate particles into gases (nitric acid and ammonia) due to higher temperature and lower relative humidity compared to outdoors. The weather conditions varied during the measurement period with T outdoors from -8.8 to 9.7 °C and RH from 32 to 100 %. Indoors, T ranged from 20.2 to 25 °C and RH from 19 to 63 %. Low value I/O ratio for non-volatile sulphate can be explained by dominating outdoor sources and reflects reduced infiltration. In general, the differences in chemical composition of particles found indoors and outdoors becomes apparent from the results. Levels of organics in indoor environments were mainly influenced by indoor sources, thus these should not be neglected when considering possible health effects. This work was financed by the Swedish Research Council FORMAS (Project Dnr 942-2015-1029)
  •  
186.
  •  
187.
  •  
188.
  •  
189.
  •  
190.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 181-190 av 317
Typ av publikation
konferensbidrag (205)
tidskriftsartikel (92)
rapport (11)
forskningsöversikt (4)
annan publikation (3)
doktorsavhandling (1)
visa fler...
bokkapitel (1)
visa färre...
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (247)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (67)
populärvet., debatt m.m. (3)
Författare/redaktör
Pagels, Joakim (317)
Swietlicki, Erik (131)
Bohgard, Mats (128)
Rissler, Jenny (105)
Gudmundsson, Anders (94)
Eriksson, Axel (87)
visa fler...
Wierzbicka, Aneta (86)
Nilsson, Patrik (70)
Löndahl, Jakob (64)
Nordin, Erik (53)
Messing, Maria (46)
Isaxon, Christina (45)
Svenningsson, Birgit ... (42)
Boman, Christoffer (40)
Sanati, Mehri (35)
Malmborg, Vilhelm (27)
Strand, Michael (25)
Hedmer, Maria (24)
Nielsen, Jörn (24)
Tinnerberg, Håkan (24)
Deppert, Knut (23)
Ludvigsson, Linus (23)
Massling, Andreas (22)
Svensson, Christian (22)
Assarsson, Eva (20)
Dahl, Andreas (19)
Roldin, Pontus (19)
Blomberg, Anders (19)
Gren, Louise (19)
Tunér, Martin (18)
Sandström, Thomas (17)
Loft, Steffen (16)
Wittbom, Cerina (16)
Kåredal, Monica (15)
Martinsson, Johan (15)
Nyström, Robin (15)
Hagerman, Inger (15)
Berglund, Margareta (14)
Jönsson, Bo A (13)
Dierschke, Katrin (13)
Broberg Palmgren, Ka ... (12)
Andersen, Christina (12)
Omelekhina, Yuliya (12)
Shamun, Sam (12)
Andersson, Ulla B (11)
Shen, Mengqin (11)
Albin, Maria (10)
Cedervall, Tommy (10)
Xu, YiYi (10)
Eriksson, Axel C. (10)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Lunds universitet (308)
Umeå universitet (14)
Linnéuniversitetet (6)
Göteborgs universitet (5)
Stockholms universitet (5)
Karolinska Institutet (5)
visa fler...
Luleå tekniska universitet (3)
Linköpings universitet (3)
RISE (3)
Chalmers tekniska högskola (1)
Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (312)
Svenska (5)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Teknik (222)
Naturvetenskap (158)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (63)
Lantbruksvetenskap (1)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy