| 61. |
- Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Does degree of obesity influence the validity of reported energy and protein intake? Results from the SOS Dietary Questionnaire. Swedish Obese Subjects
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 53, s. 375-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of a dietary questionnaire which was developed with the particular goal of measuring dietary intake in obese subjects. DESIGN: Reported energy intake was compared with 24 h energy expenditure measured in a chamber for indirect calorimetry (24 EE) and reported nitrogen intake with nitrogen in urine collected during the 24 h in the chamber. SUBJECTS: Twenty-nine overweight men and women, body mass index (BMI) ranging from 25.5 49.5 kg/m2. RESULTS: Reported energy intake correlated significantly with 24 EE (r = 0.50, P = 0.006) and reported urinary nitrogen correlated significantly with urinary nitrogen excretion (r=0.56, P=0.0015). Mean reported energy intake+/-s.d. was 10.2+/-3.6 MJ and mean 24 EEi s.d. was 10.3+/-1.9 MJ. Although this difference was small and non significant, it indicates some underreporting if one can assume that these overweight subjects are less physically active in the chamber than in free-living conditions. Reported nitrogen intake also suggested underreporting at the group level. However, when the data were analysed at the individual level it was clear that the underreporting errors did not increase with increasing degree of obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Previous studies with the SOS dietary questionnaire have demonstrated that it is possible to obtain plausible energy intakes from both obese and nonobese subjects. This present analysis further demonstrates that the questionnaire discriminates overweight subjects with high and low intakes of energy and protein, using unbiased biomarkers to judge validity. These data provide additional support for the usefulness of the SOS dietary questionnaire. PMID: 10369492 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 62. |
- Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Familial predisposition for obesity may modify the predictive value of serum leptin concentrations for long-term weight change in obese women
- 1998
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 67, s. 1119-1123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Research Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Leptin is believed to play a role in regulating food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of parental history of obesity on the association between baseline serum leptin concentrations and subsequent 4-y weight changes. Changes in food intake were also considered in the analysis. Middle-aged, obese women with no obese parent (n = 25) or at least one obese parent (n = 24) were included in the analysis. At baseline, women with no parental history of obesity and women with a parental history of obesity did not differ in body mass index (in kg/m2: 41.2 and 40.2, respectively) or median leptin concentrations (40.8 and 38.8 microg/L, respectively). Four-year weight changes varied widely in both groups combined (from -30 to 24 kg). Stratified regression analysis, adjusted for age, weight, and height, revealed that high leptin concentrations predicted less weight gain (or more weight loss) in women with no obese parent (beta = -21.2, P = 0.0006) but played no significant role in predicting weight gain in women with at least one obese parent (beta = -3.8, P = 0.41). Adding changes in energy and fat intakes to the model reduced the association between leptin and weight change to nonsignificance in the women with no obese parent, indicating that the effect of leptin could be explained largely by dietary changes. In conclusion, serum leptin concentrations predict long-term weight change in obese women with no history of parental obesity, an association largely mediated by changes in food intake. PMID: 9625082 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 63. |
- Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
Familial predisposition for obesity may modify the predictive value of serum leptin concentrations for long-term weight change in obese women.
- 1998
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Ingår i: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - 0002-9165. ; 67:6, s. 1119-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leptin is believed to play a role in regulating food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of parental history of obesity on the association between baseline serum leptin concentrations and subsequent 4-y weight changes. Changes in food intake were also considered in the analysis. Middle-aged, obese women with no obese parent (n = 25) or at least one obese parent (n = 24) were included in the analysis. At baseline, women with no parental history of obesity and women with a parental history of obesity did not differ in body mass index (in kg/m2: 41.2 and 40.2, respectively) or median leptin concentrations (40.8 and 38.8 microg/L, respectively). Four-year weight changes varied widely in both groups combined (from -30 to 24 kg). Stratified regression analysis, adjusted for age, weight, and height, revealed that high leptin concentrations predicted less weight gain (or more weight loss) in women with no obese parent (beta = -21.2, P = 0.0006) but played no significant role in predicting weight gain in women with at least one obese parent (beta = -3.8, P = 0.41). Adding changes in energy and fat intakes to the model reduced the association between leptin and weight change to nonsignificance in the women with no obese parent, indicating that the effect of leptin could be explained largely by dietary changes. In conclusion, serum leptin concentrations predict long-term weight change in obese women with no history of parental obesity, an association largely mediated by changes in food intake.
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| 64. |
- Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
Validity and reproducibility of a self-administered dietary questionnaire in obese and non-obese subjects
- 1993
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 47, s. 461-481
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden. The validity and reproducibility of a self-administered dietary questionnaire has been tested with specific attention to differences between obese and non-obese subjects. To test the validity, the dietary questionnaire was compared with 4-day food records, 24-h energy expenditure (24EE) and nitrogen excretion in 45 obese and 19 non-obese men and women. Energy intake was 2% higher (non-significantly) from questionnaire than from food records in the non-obese, but 35% higher (P < 0.001) in the obese. Comparing energy intake from the questionnaire with estimated 24EE, the questionnaire gave 4% higher values in both the non-obese and obese, differences which were not significant. The reproducibility in the obese sample that completed the questionnaire twice was comparable to that observed in normal populations. These data suggest that it is possible to obtain information on obese subjects' dietary intake that is at least as valid and reproducible as that from normal weight individuals. PMID: 8404782 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 65. |
- Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
Weight change in relation to intake of sugar and sweet foods before and after weight reducing gastric surgery
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. ; 20, s. 634-643
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg University, Sweden. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that a diet containing many sweet foods is associated with poor weight loss after gastroplasty. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 375 severely obese subjects followed for 2 y after vertical banded gastroplasty or gastric banding; 34 subjects followed after gastric bypass. RESULTS: Total energy and all macronutrients were reduced 2 y after surgery. Sweet foods were less reduced than other foods, resulting in a relative increase of sugar intake. At 2 y a high relative intake of sugar and fat was associated with a low energy intake and a large weight reduction in the gastroplasty group. In the highest quartile of mono+disaccharide intake (> 142 g) weight loss was 29.9 kg compared to 25.1 kg in lowest quartile (> 72 g). Absolute and relative sugar intake before surgery did not predict weight outcome. At 6 months, i.e. during a period of active weight reduction, energy intake was significantly related to weight loss. CONCLUSION: Gastroplasty patients who continue selecting sweet foods appear to maintain lower energy intakes and lose more weight. However the associations are unlikely to be causal but probably indicative of changes in other aspects of the diet, eg exclusion of regular meals. Since large weight losses are most likely to be associated with low quality diets these results highlight the need for supplementation therapy of gastroplasty patients. Finally the lack of association between presurgical sugar intake and subsequent weight loss brings into question the surgical practice of selectively assigning sweet eaters to gastric bypass. PMID: 8817357 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 66. |
- Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Birth weight, adulthood BMI, and subsequent weight gain in relation to leptin levels in Swedish women
- 1999
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Ingår i: Obesity Research. ; 7, s. 150-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Internal Medicine, Göteborg University, Sweden. Lauren.Lissner@medfak.gu.se OBJECTIVE: Leptin seems to be involved in the regulation of energy balance, although little is known about the epidemiology of leptin with respect to prediction of weight gain and incidence of obesity-related diseases. The dual aim of this study is to document characteristics of leptin after long-term storage, and to describe its relation to body weight, from birth to old age, in an ongoing prospective study. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A population-based sample of Swedish women was first examined at the ages of 38 to 60 and re-examined 24 years later. This study used 1358 frozen serum samples that had been stored 29 years for analysis of leptin concentrations and their relation to body weight history. RESULTS: Leptin values obtained from stored samples showed the same correlation with relative weight as that seen in a contemporary sample with similar demographic characteristics. Lower self-reported birth weight was associated with higher leptin levels in adulthood (p = 0.01), controlling for age and adult BMI. Prospective analyses revealed that high leptin in 38 to 46-year-olds predicted subsequent long-term weight gain (p = 0.003), although no significant associations were seen in women initially aged 50 or older. DISCUSSION: It is feasible to use frozen serum for studying leptin in relation to obesity and related developments many years later. High leptin level was a risk factor for subsequent weight gain in 38- and 46-year-old women. Retrospective analyses involving birth weight suggest that leptin resistance in adulthood might have fetal origins. PMID: 10102251 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 67. |
- Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
Swedish obese subjects (SOS): an obesity intervention study with a nutritional perspective
- 1998
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 52, s. 316-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. OBJECTIVES: Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) is a multidisciplinary project involving aspects of obesity ranging from description of the severely obese state to effects of surgical intervention on long-term mortality and morbidity. Dietary studies, which represent an integral part of SOS research activities, are the focus of this review. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Due to the large number of obese subjects included in the SOS data bases ( > 5000), an early priority of the project was to develop a dietary assessment method which: (i) described usual intake patterns; (ii) could be self-administered by subjects and rapidly processed; and (iii) was equally valid in obese and non-obese individuals. RESULTS: The SOS method has met these requirements and is now being completed by all subjects at baseline and during the intervention, and by a non-obese reference population. A number of dietary features distinguishing obese subjects have emerged, including: elevated intakes of energy and energy-percent fat; low consumption of alcohol, fruits and vegetables; high dietary disinhibition; frequent consumption of light meals and snacks; and night eating. In the surgical intervention group, a relatively high consumption of sweet foods was associated with better weight loss and maintenance. CONCLUSIONS: The SOS method appears to be less susceptible to obesity-related under-reporting than traditional dietary methods, and if the distribution of foods and nutrients can be assumed to be as unbiased as the energy intakes, this method should make it possible to capture associations between diet and obesity-related diseases in the future. PMID: 9630380 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 68. |
- Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
The natural history of obesity in an obese population and associations with metabolic aberrations
- 1994
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. ; 18, s. 441-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden. The natural history of obesity was examined in a nation-wide sample of 1,084 obese men and 1,367 obese women aged 37-59 years who were recruited into a registry of potential subjects for an intervention trial. The registry and intervention studies are jointly referred to as SOS ('Swedish Obese Subjects'). In the registry, the mean body mass index was 37.7 kg/m2 in men and 40.9 kg/m2 in women. Descriptive information on subjects' weight histories and the relative weights of their biological parents was collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. At a physical examination shortly thereafter, weights, heights and selected cardiovascular risk factors were measured in the fasting state. Virtually all subjects reported weight loss attempts in the past, men and women reported having gained weight during adulthood at a considerably higher rate than that observed in population-based samples. Significant correlations were observed between relative weights of obese males and both of their biological parents, but not between obese women and either of their parents. Indices of medical risk were then examined in relation to individual weight histories. Familial predisposition did not relate to most aspects of current medical risk. However, later-onset obesity tended to be associated with greater cardiovascular risk, while prior weight loss was predictive of an improved risk factor profile. These latter associations were not dependent on a subject's current degree of obesity and were particularly consistent with respect to fasting insulin level. PMID: 8081436 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 69. |
- Lundälv, Jörgen, 1966, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-Term Consequences of Drunk Driving Accidents in Sweden: An Exploratory Study on the Lived Experiences of Survivors, Their Family Members and Friends
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1323-8922 .- 1838-6059. ; 20:2, s. 114-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored the lived experiences of family and socially networked others of survivors of drunk driving accidents in Sweden. Participants were 49 persons affected by drunk driving accidents: persons who had sustained traffic injury (n = 11), and their family members (n = 30) and friends (n = 8). Data were collected using a survey (either through web or postal). The results show a service gaps in providing for appropriate social support to traffic-injured persons and their family members and friends.
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| 70. |
- Lönn, Lars, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Body weight and body composition changes after treatment of hyperthyroidism.
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X. ; 83:12, s. 4269-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body composition changes in nine adults with hyperthyroidism were determined with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography at diagnosis and after 3 and 12 months of euthyroidism achieved by surgery, antithyroid drugs, or treatment with radioiodine. Mean body weight was 67.6 kg at diagnosis and increased 2.7 kg (P=0.06) and 8.7 kg (P < 0.001) after 3 and 12 months of euthyroidism, respectively. Basal metabolic rate decreased from 2087 Cal/24 h at diagnosis to 1601 Cal/24 h at 12 months (P=0.001), whereas reported energy intake dropped from 3244 to 2436 Cal/24 h (P=0.01). According to dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, body fat was unchanged at 3 months, but increased by 5.3 kg (P < 0.0001) at 12 months. Fat-free mass increased 2.7 kg (P=0.003) at 3 months and 3.5 kg (P < 0.0001) at 12 months. Changes in bone mineral content and density did not reach significance. According to computed tomography, skeletal muscle plus skin areas increased by 11% (trunk) and 18% (thigh) at 3 months and by 17% (trunk) and 25% (thigh) at 12 months. There was no increase in sc adipose tissue (AT) at 3 months, but at 12 months this AT depot increased by 15% (thigh) and 33% (trunk). Intraperitoneal AT showed a borderline significant increase by 28% (P=0.08) at 3 months and by 40% (P=0.015) at 12 months. Areas of visceral organs and bone tissue of femur did not change significantly during the study. It is concluded that during early recovery from hyperthyroidism, priority is given to the replenishment of skeletal muscles and ip AT, whereas sc AT is increased at a later stage.
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