| 1. |
- Ahlstrand, Roland, 1956-
(author)
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Social responsibility in connection with business closures : A study of closures of Ericsson Telecom facilities in Norrköping and Linköping
- 2010
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In: Economic and Industrial Democracy. - London : Sage Publications. - 0143-831X .- 1461-7099. ; 31:4, s. 537-555
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present article analyses why and how Ericsson Telecom assumeda greater responsibility than was legally required when it dismissedmore than 23,000 employees in Sweden at the beginning of the21st century. The analysis starts from neoinstitutional theoryand is based on case studies of the company’s closuresin Norrköping and Linköping. The article focuses,in particular, on the interaction between Ericsson, the tradeunions, the County Administrative Board, the County Labour Board,the Public Employment Service, the Swedish Employment SecurityCouncil, the government and the respective municipalities. Itis shown that the greater responsibility taken by Ericsson wasbased on its desire to maintain legitimacy by taking into considerationprevailing societal expectations regarding the company’sbehaviour.
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| 2. |
- Mellin, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Health effects of transport emissions : a review of the state of the art of methods and data used for external costs calculations
- 2010
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The purpose is to provide a background for a discussion concerning the methods and values used in cost-benefit analysis in Sweden for air pollutions', from traffic, impact on human health and the research needs in this area. We provide an overview of the current state of the art of models used for and input needed for external cost calculations of the health impacts. The calculations are not straightforward and depend on the collaboration between several research disciplines. In the ExternE projects, which have been used as a reference point in this study, there are still uncertainties concerning which pollutants to take into consideration. Regarding the health impacts, we have recapitulated some of the main conclusions in a review by the American Heart Association (2010). They state that e.g. the following issues need further research: the importance of ultrafine particles, what constituent parts make traffic related air pollution more harmful than PM2.5 in general and the importance of coarse particles.
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| 3. |
- Ifinedo, Princely, et al.
(author)
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Relationships among ERP post-implementation success constructs : An analysis at the organizational level
- 2010
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In: Computers in human behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 0747-5632 .- 1873-7692. ; 26:5, s. 1136-1148
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract: Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems implementation success factors have been widely researched, however, few have investigated ERP post-implementation success in organizational contexts. The paucity of research Into ERP system success evaluations partly motivates this research To that end, the objective of this study is twofold First, it primarily investigates the relationships among six constructs or dimensions in a respecified ERP system success measurement model, which was developed from prior relevant frameworks. Second, this research adds to the body of knowledge in the information system (IS) success evaluation domain, especially with its focus on ERP packages The extended ERP system success model was tested using data collected in a cross-sectional field survey of 109 firms in two European countries Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test six relevant hypotheses. The SEM results showed that five out of the six hypotheses have significant, positive associations. Namely, the constructs of System Quality, Service Quality, Individual Impact, Workgroup Impact, and Organizational Impact have strong relevance in ERP success conceptualization, whereas Information Quality does not, at least, in the context of our data. The pertinence of the study's findings for IS success evaluation as well as its implications for practice and research are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Karlström, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Is sick absence related to commuting travel time? : Swedish Evidence Based on the Generalized Propensity Score Estimator
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper focuses on the effects of commuting time on sickness insurance utilization by applying a generalized propensity score estimator to a large sample of Swedish employees. We analyse the effect of commuting time both on the probability of using sickness insurance at all and on the probability that an individual on sick leave is on so-called partial sick leave rather than being completely absent from work. Insurance utilization is in both cases defined as being ill for more than 14 days. The results indicate, in general, that individuals do not use sickness insurance because of their commuting time. However, commuting time seems to increase the risk of being on sick leave among females with relatively low annual wage earnings. The results indicate, furthermore, a relatively weak and negative relationship between the probability of being on partial sick leave and commuting time in the group of individuals who have utilized sickness insurance. The latter result applies to both men and women.
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| 5. |
- Nerhagen, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Measuring the external health cost of particulate matter from road traffic and other sources in Stockholm, Sweden
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper measures the external health cost due to emissions from different sources in the Stockholm area using the Impact pathway approach. The estimated health impact is the result of detailed dispersion modelling with high spatial resolution. We make separate calculations for the impact that occur within the Stockholm area, the surrounding region and the rest of Europe. The pollutants considered are combustion and secondary particulate matter (PM) from the burning of fuels and also road wear (non-exhaust PM) that makes a large contribution to measured concentrations of PM locally in Stockholm. We also investigate the influence of assumptions made regarding the exposure-response functions used in these calculations since PM of different origin are expected to have different health impacts. According to the results road traffic makes important contributions to the external health cost both on a local and a regional scale compared to other sources. This is in part due to emissions being released in close proximity to where people live but also because of the amount of pollutants emitted. Although non-exhaust PM makes a large contribution to local population exposure within Stockholm the external health cost is relatively small which is due to other health impact being relevant for this emission source. Residential heating also makes an important contribution to exposure and external health cost on a local scale while power plants have a large influence regionally.
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| 6. |
- Granqvist, Roland, et al.
(author)
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A note on the concept of excess burden
- 2010
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In: Economic Analysis and Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0313-5926. ; 40:1, s. 63-73
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Hellström, Jörgen, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Uncertainty in the generic versus brand name prescription decision
- 2010
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In: Empirical Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0377-7332 .- 1435-8921. ; 38:3, s. 503-521
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyzes the impact of uncertainty concerning product qualityof generic drugs on the substitution behavior of prescribing physicians. It is shown thatuncertainty about the generic drug quality gives the physician a value of waiting formore information before switching to the generic version. In addition, it is shown thatreducing the approval requirements for generic drugs, thereby increasing uncertaintyabout quality, may discourage physicians from prescribing such drugs. An empiricalstudy testing the theoretical predictions is presented at the end of the paper.
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| 9. |
- Storck, Joakim
(author)
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Exploring improvement trajectories with dynamic process cost modelling : a case from the steel industry
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Production Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0020-7543 .- 1366-588X. ; 48:12, s. 3493-3511
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Improvement trajectories are sequential managed chains of improvement initiatives required to handle changes in competition and market. This paper presents a five-step framework, based on dynamic process cost modelling, which was developed during a four-year research project at a major stainless steel producer, to support the selection of an improvement trajectory based on strategic requirements to combine high product diversity with cost reduction. The framework aims to develop insight into what manufacturing capabilities are required to reach the strategic goals by combining system dynamics simulation with process cost modelling and visual exploratory data analysis in an iterative modelling procedure. The applicability of the five-step framework is demonstrated through a case study from the steel industry, in which a goal driven analysis is used to assess process requirements based on performance and market considerations.
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| 10. |
- Nerhagen, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Cost-effective analysis of traffic emission control : targeting strategies under uncertainty
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Emissions from traffic impose negative effects on human health, and recent evidence indicates that particulate matters (PM) are the detrimental air pollutant that causes most life years lost. To improve the efficiency of resource allocation, various mitigation measures have been proposed for reducing these emissions. However, whether or not the policy instruments are welfare improving, and if yes, how much more efficient they can be remain to be studied. To answer the questions, we need to both assess the economic cost of emission control and the health benefit due to the reduced PM emission by all proposed control instruments. This paper focuses on the cost efficiency for reaching pre-determined emission targets. We are concerned with reducing the concentrations of PM in Stockholm by local policy measures. Contrary to other cost-efficiency studies we have in this study included adaptations in behaviour in addition to the conventional technical measures alone. Since there are different emissions of PM, targeting PM10 may not be a good indicator of the health benefits. We therefore compare the performance of targeting PM and of targeting years of life lost (YOLL) and found interesting differences. We find that if the ultimate objective is to save lives or say life-years, it should be more appropriate to target YOLL, provided that YOLL can be properly predicted. Moreover, since the collected data on the effectiveness and cost of the policy instruments involve large uncertainty, we have employed a stochastic control model to explore the implications of the degree of uncertainty. We find that the higher fulfilment probability, the larger the marginal cost as expected. Also, for a given fulfilment probability, the more uncertain we are about the true effectiveness parameters, the larger the marginal costs.
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