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- Brännlund, Runar, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Kampen om skogen : koka, såga, bränna eller bevara?
- 2010
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Boken ger ett samhällsekonomiskt perpsektiv på utnyttjandet av skogen och dess resurser genom att belysa ett antal centrala ekonomiska och politiska faktorer som påverkar användningen av skogen och till viss del även dess produktionsförmåga. I boken diskuteras också behovet av statlig styrning inom skogssektorn samt analyseras konsekvenserna av olika politiska vägval.
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- Coria, Jessica, 1979, et al.
(author)
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The progress of GHG markets : opportunities and risks
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The climate negotiations at the COP15 in December 2009 did not produce a new international treaty with binding emissions commitments but the Copenhagen Accord for dealing with post-2012 climate change. Given the current climate negotiation process it is unlikely that we will see a global climate agreement soon on a global cap between all Convention members participating in a single carbon market. We may be more likely to see a stepwise process moving towards this scenario, most likely involving linkages between different national policy programs when it comes to mitigation as well as offsetting emissions. In such a process countries will offer commitments based on their domestic abilities, preferences and policies, norms and institutions. National and sub-national policies are thus likely to be the de-facto building blocks of nations' abilities to make and fulfill international commitments. However, also with multilateral mitigation programs without binding commitments, carbon markets will be needed as well as international authorities that support measurement, reporting and verification rules and the international registries. Such markets will necessarily be complicated and temporary in a world without an overarching binding agreement. There will be numerous tradeoffs between different kinds of second-best arrangements. The purpose of this report is to build knowledge about the effects of the development of regional and international carbon markets and the auxiliary technology agreements that might be needed. Among the topics we address are: the evolution and integration of carbon markets, the impacts of policy and technology cost uncertainty on the cost of meeting targets through a carbon market mechanism, the effect of banking, price floors and ceilings, institutional constraints and technological change in the further development of carbon markets and their links to other environmental policy instruments, and the potential of REDD-plus to encourage sustainable forest development and climate mitigation.
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- Gåhlin, Emil, et al.
(author)
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Tillståndprocesser för kärnkraft : internationella lärdomar
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Det övergripande syftet med denna rapport är att analysera och jämföra den lagstiftning som kringgärdar tillståndsgivningen för (i första hand) nya kärnkraftverk i ett antal utvalda länder. Rapporten kan på så sätt bidra med ett viktigt kunskapsunderlag för att diskutera ändamålsenligheten i olika nationella processer (inklusive den svenska). Analysen i rapporten bygger till stora delar på rättsvetenskapliga undersökningar, och behandlar såväl de formella kraven på tillstånd och fysisk planering samt former för medborgar-samverkan i respektive fall. Studien fokuserar i första hand på lagstiftningens utformning i de utvalda länderna, och i begränsad omfattning på praxis. Denna juridiska ansats kompletteras dock också med ett investerarperspektiv på lagstiftningen, dvs. en analys av hur de relevant rättsreglerna kan påverka investeringsbeslut i praktiken. Arbetet bygger till stora delar på synteser av tidigare studier samt intervjuer med forskare, elbolag och myndighetsrepresentanter i Sverige och utomlands. De länder som ingår i jämförelsen är Sverige, Finland, Frankrike, Schweiz, Storbritannien, USA, Sydkorea och Kanada. Dessa länder inkluderar de som nu investerar i kärnkraft samt de som nyligen reformerat sina tillståndsprocesser under de senaste åren. Viktiga skillnader länderna emellan belyses, t.ex. frågor som det politiska inflytandet i prövningen, förhållandet mellan den nationella och lokala makten, former för medborgarsamverkan, samt den övergripande transparensen och förutsägbarheten i lagstiftningen. Ambitionen är också att studera de praktiska konsekvenserna av den rådande lagstiftningen; empiriska erfarenheter finns i en del relevanta fall.
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- Pettersson, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Wind power planning and permitting : comparative perspectives from the Nordic countries
- 2010
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In: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 14:9, s. 3116-3123
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare some important institutional and legal preconditions for wind power development in three Nordic countries: Denmark, Norway and Sweden. In the paper a number of historical, institutional and policy-related differences across these countries are highlighted, but most attention is paid to the various territorial planning procedures. The analysis suggests that although public economic support to wind power is necessary to promote its diffusion in the electricity system, similar policy instruments - in terms of both size and design - can induce significantly different developments depending on the legal preconditions for the location and environmental assessment of windmills. The success and failure stories of technology support policies can thus not easily be transferred across country borders. An important conclusion is that in comparison to Sweden the physical planning systems in both Denmark and Norway provide greater scope for implementing a national wind power policy at the local level. For instance, the Danish planning system is vertically integrated, and involves a designation of areas for wind power purposes in the local plans, while the municipalities in Sweden must in some way assent to (i.e., plan for) the establishment of windmills at a certain location in order for the installation to actually take place. Compared to its competitors, wind power is one of the power-generating technologies that tend to have the most to lose from the uncertainties created by planning regulations that leave much discretion to local authorities.
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