| 30761. |
- Du, Mingrun, et al.
(författare)
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High pressure infrared spectroscopy study on C60*CS2 solvates
- 2017
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier. - 0009-2614 .- 1873-4448. ; 669, s. 49-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High pressure IR study has been carried out on C-60*CS2 solvates up to 34.8 GPa. It is found that the intercalated CS2 molecules significantly affect the transformations of C-60 molecules under pressure. As a probe, the intercalated CS2 molecules can well detect the orientational ordering transition and deformation of C-60 molecules under pressure. The chemical stability of CS2 molecules under pressure is also dramatically enhanced due to the spacial shielding effet from C-60 molecules around in the solvated crystal. These results provide new insight into the effect of interactions between intercalants and fullerenes on the transformations in fullerene solvates under pressure.
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| 30762. |
- Du, Mingrun, et al.
(författare)
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New ordered structure of amorphous carbon clusters induced by fullerene-cubane reactions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As a new category of solids, crystalline materials constructed with amorphous building blocks expand the structure categorization of solids, for which designing such new structures and understanding the corresponding formation mechanisms are fundamentally important. Unlike previous reports, new amorphous carbon clusters constructed ordered carbon phases are found here by compressing C8H8/C60 cocrystals, in which the highly energetic cubane (C8H8) exhibits unusual roles as to the structure formation and transformations under pressure. The significant role of C8H8 is to stabilize the boundary interactions of the highly compressed or collapsed C60 clusters which preserves their long‐range ordered arrangement up to 45 GPa. With increasing time at high pressure, the gradual random bonding between C8H8 and carbon clusters, due to “energy release” of highly compressed cubane, leads to the loss of the ability of C8H8 to stabilize the carbon cluster arrangement. Thus a transition from short‐range disorder to long‐range disorder (amorphization) occurs in the formed material. The spontaneous bonding reconstruction most likely results in a 3D network in the material, which can create ring cracks on diamond anvils.
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| 30763. |
- Du, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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A brief review of the development of telerehabilitation and its application in patients of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Scientific & Technical Research. - 2574-1241. ; 48:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity and characterized by progressive development during growth, and eventually to a curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees on the posteroanterior radiograph. AIS usually does not present symptoms in early age, which makes the diagnosis and treatment of these patients difficult. Thus, a follow-up observation of all suspicious AIS patients becomes very important to monitor the progression of spinal cord deformity. Telerehabilitation is a new type of rehabilitation, which links the professional physiotherapists and the patients through telecommunication and information technology. Telerehabilitation can be synchronous (through any device real-time connection between patients and therapists), asynchronous (computer-based intervention for remote monitoring by the physiotherapists and offline adjustments), or a combination of both. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused medical health care system chaos and affected seriously the ongoing disease management in many countries. Telerehabilitation can reduce the spreading risk of COVID-19, the cost of face-to-face rehabilitation service, the pressure on the staff, and the financial burden on the patients. In this review, we briefly describe the development of telerehabilitation, its current status and related technologies, and its application in clinical practice of AIS. In addition, we discussed the limitations of the current telerehabilitation and its future prospection. We believe that telerehabilitation could provide high quality rehabilitation service to the patients, thus becoming the mainstream of rehabilitation to the population of AIS.
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| 30764. |
- Du, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Active physical exercise improves functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complication in patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumor
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise. - : Springer. - 2096-6709 .- 2662-1371.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To explore whether active physical exercise (APE) is more effective than conventional continuous passive motion (CPM) in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complication in patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumor.Methods: Six hundred and fourteen patients were enrolled and allocated to either APE or CPM for 6 months. APE was specific for patients with bone tumors on the distal femur (APE-F) and proximal tibia (APE-T), whereas CPM was similar to both types of patients (CPM-F and CPM-T). APE for both APE-F and APE-T patients was started on the second post-operation day, and CPM was initiated on the second post-procedure day in CPM-F patients, and in the seventh post-procedure week in CPM-T patients. The 6-month APE training consisted of three stages with training intensity progressively increasing though limited within a range of metabolic equivalent (MET) on each stage. Training intensity was individualized based on personal basic MET. The patients were followed up for 5 years for regular assessments of functional knee recovery, quality of life, and rate of complications.Results: APE-F and APE-T patients presented with significantly better results in functional knee recovery and quality of life in comparison with CPM-F and CPM-T patients, respectively. In addition, APE-T patients reached a similar level of quality of life as APE-F patients 6-month post-operation, whereas CPM-T patients reached a similar level of quality of life as CPM-F patients 3 years after the procedure. Nevertheless, APE training did not induce a higher incidence of complications than CPM training.Conclusions: APE training was more effective in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life without increasing the risk of complications than CPM training, thus, being strongly recommended to the patients for post-operation rehabilitation.
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| 30765. |
- Du, Ning, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of early active physical exercise in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life on patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumour
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Science in Sports and Exercise. - : Springer. - 2096-6709 .- 2662-1371.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In the clinic, patients with endoprosthetic knee replacement for bone tumour generally experience loss of neuromuscular control and body balance, which consequently affects knee function and quality of life. Active physical exercise (APE) has been proven to be effective in rehabilitation. However, in the literature, no systematic study has been performed to make a general guideline of APE training on the patients.Methods: A total number of 528 patients who have had endoprosthetic knee replacement for tumour resection was collected from July 2009 to December 2016. After operation, the patients were randomly attributed to rehabilitation of either APE training or conventional continuous passive motion (CPM) for six months. The APE training was specific for patients with a bone tumour on the distal femur (APE-F) and the proximal tibia (APE-T), and the whole training was divided into three stages with different training items and training intensity which was progressively increased with limited intensity in terms of metabolic equivalent (MET) level for each stage. For each individual patient, the APE training intensity was personal based on personal basic MET. The patients were followed up for five years for regular assessments of functional knee recovery and quality of life.Findings: Both APE training and CPM training induced significant improvements in functional knee recovery and quality of life throughout the whole period of follow-up. Nevertheless, the improvements were more significant in patients following APE training than in that following CPM training (APE-F vs. CPM-F and APE-T vs. CPM-T). Additionally, the specific APE training induced significantly better functional knee recovery throughout the whole five-year of follow-up, and quality of life in the first six-month post-operation in patients of APE-F than in that of APE-T. In contrast, the CPM training induced significantly better improvements in both functional knee recovery and quality of life the whole five-year of follow-up. Nevertheless, the early APE training, especially for the patients of APE-T, did not induce more incidence of complication of any type compared to CPM training (APE-F vs. CPM-F and APE-T vs. CPM-T).Interpretation: APE training is more effective in improving functional knee recovery and quality of life than CPM training. The results observed in patients of APE-T and APE-F in comparison to that of CPM-F and CPM-T demonstrates further the advantage of APE training over CPM training in rehabilitation. The low complication incidence following APE training is attributed to the well-controlled training intensity through personal MET. Taken together, the study provided strong evidence for clinical application of APE training on the patients.
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| 30766. |
- du Preez, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Personality and mental health : An investigation of South African police trainees
- 2011
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Ingår i: Psychological Reports. - Missoula. - 0033-2941 .- 1558-691X. ; 108:1, s. 301-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between personality and mental health was investigated in one cohort of police trainees at a South African police academy (1,145 police recruits; 648 men, 497 women). Male trainees reported less somatisation, depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety symptoms and lower harm avoidance as well as higher persistence than female trainees. A cluster analysis based on the personality scores was used to identify three clusters with personality profiles characterized as Vulnerable, Healthy, and Intermediate profiles. Sociodemographic variables and temperament and character domain scores contributed separately and differentially to the explanation of variance in mental health symptom scores. Selection tools should be developed to identify vulnerable individuals in terms of personality characteristics during selection and prior to training, to prevent later problems with stress reactions. Additional training modules focusing on coping skills could possibly reduce vulnerability to stress in some trainees.
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| 30767. |
- du Preez, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Personality of South African police trainees
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychological Reports. - Missoula, MT, USA : Ammons Scientific. - 0033-2941 .- 1558-691X. ; 105:2, s. 539-553
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There have been efforts to identify a "police personality" based on dispositional and socialization models. Personality traits of successful police applicants at the Police College in Pretoria, South Africa (N=1,145 police trainees), with regard to sex, ethnic group, and English language reading skills, were described in terms of scores on the Temperament and Character Inventory. South African police trainees generally evaluated themselves as substantially lower in Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance combined with lower Cooperativeness, but they scored much higher on SeIf-Directedness, Persistence, and Self-Transcendence compared to South African university students from the same area. These are characteristics expected from future police officers, which supports the dispositional model.
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| 30768. |
- Du, Qingzhang, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of additive, dominant, and epistatic variation conferred by key genes in cellulose biosynthesis pathway in Populus tomentosa
- 2015
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Ingår i: DNA research. - : Oxford University Press. - 1340-2838 .- 1756-1663. ; 22:1, s. 53-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Economically important traits in many species generally show polygenic, quantitative inheritance. The components of genetic variation (additive, dominant and epistatic effects) of these traits conferred by multiple genes in shared biological pathways remain to be defined. Here, we investigated 11 full-length genes in cellulose biosynthesis, on 10 growth and wood-property traits, within a population of 460 unrelated Populus tomentosa individuals, via multi-gene association. To validate positive associations, we conducted single-marker analysis in a linkage population of 1,200 individuals. We identified 118, 121, and 43 associations (P < 0.01) corresponding to additive, dominant, and epistatic effects, respectively, with low to moderate proportions of phenotypic variance (R-2). Epistatic interaction models uncovered a combination of three non-synonymous sites from three unique genes, representing a significant epistasis for diameter at breast height and stem volume. Single-marker analysis validated 61 associations (false discovery rate, Q <= 0.10), representing 38 SNPs from nine genes, and its average effect (R-2 = 3.8%) nearly 2-fold higher than that identified with multi-gene association, suggesting that multi-gene association can capture smaller individual variants. Moreover, a structural gene-gene network based on tissue-specific transcript abundances provides a better understanding of the multi-gene pathway affecting tree growth and lignocellulose biosynthesis. Our study highlights the importance of pathway-based multiple gene associations to uncover the nature of genetic variance for quantitative traits and may drive novel progress in molecular breeding.
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| 30769. |
- Du, Shuhui, et al.
(författare)
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Multilocus analysis of nucleotide variation and speciation in three closely related Populus (Salicaceae) species
- 2015
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 24:19, s. 4994-5005
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historical tectonism and climate oscillations can isolate and contract the geographical distributions of many plant species, and they are even known to trigger species divergence and ultimately speciation. Here, we estimated the nucleotide variation and speciation in three closely related Populus species, Populus tremuloides, P.tremula and P.davidiana, distributed in North America and Eurasia. We analysed the sequence variation in six single-copy nuclear loci and three chloroplast (cpDNA) fragments in 497 individuals sampled from 33 populations of these three species across their geographic distributions. These three Populus species harboured relatively high levels of nucleotide diversity and showed high levels of nucleotide differentiation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that P.tremuloides diverged earlier than the other two species. The cpDNA haplotype network result clearly illustrated the dispersal route from North America to eastern Asia and then into Europe. Molecular dating results confirmed that the divergence of these three species coincided with the sundering of the Bering land bridge in the late Miocene and a rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau around the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Vicariance-driven successful allopatric speciation resulting from historical tectonism and climate oscillations most likely played roles inthe formation of the disjunct distributions and divergence of these three Populus species.
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| 30770. |
- Du Toit, Jacques D., et al.
(författare)
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Estimating population level 24-h sodium excretion using spot urine samples in older adults in rural South Africa
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0263-6352 .- 1473-5598. ; 41:2, s. 280-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: South Africa has introduced regulations to reduce sodium in processed foods. Assessing salt consumption with 24-h urine collection is logistically challenging and expensive. We assess the accuracy of using spot urine samples to estimate 24-h urine sodium (24hrUNa) excretion at the population level in a cohort of older adults in rural South Africa.METHODS: 24hrUNa excretion was measured and compared to that estimated from matched spot urine samples in 399 individuals, aged 40-75 years, from rural Mpumalanga, South Africa. We used the Tanaka, Kawasaki, International Study of Sodium, Potassium, and Blood Pressure (INTERSALT), and Population Mean Volume (PMV) method to predict 24hrUNa at the individual and population level.RESULTS: The population median 24hrUNa excretion from our samples collected in 2017 was 2.6 g (interquartile range: 1.53-4.21) equal to an average daily salt intake of 6.6 g, whereas 65.4% of participants had a salt excretion above the WHO recommended 5 g/day. Estimated population median 24hrUNa derived from the INTERSALT, both with and without potassium, showed a nonsignificant difference of 0.25 g (P = 0.59) and 0.21 g (P = 0.67), respectively. In contrast, the Tanaka, Kawasaki, and PMV formulas were markedly higher than the measured 24hrUNa, with a median difference of 0.51 g (P = 0.004), 0.99 g (P = 0.00), and 1.05 g (P = 0.00) respectively. All formulas however performed poorly when predicting an individual's 24hrUNa.CONCLUSION: In this population, the INTERSALT formulas are a well suited and cost-effective alternative to 24-h urine collection for the evaluation of population median 24hrUNa excretion. This could play an important role for governments and public health agencies in evaluating local salt regulations and identifying at-risk populations.
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