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- Acharya, B. S., et al.
(author)
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Introducing the CTA concept
- 2013
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In: Astroparticle physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-6505 .- 1873-2852. ; 43, s. 3-18
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Agevall, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Albert O. Hisrchmans liv och verk
- 2008
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In: Sorti eller protest. - : Arkiv Förlag, Lund. ; , s. 7-12, s. 7-12
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 7. |
- Al-Najjar, Basim
(author)
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Condition-Based Maintenance: Selection and Improvement of a Cost-Effective Vibration-Based Maintenance Policy for Rolling element Bearings
- 1997
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Modern machinery is expensive and therefore must run at high availability and effectiveness which cannot be achieved without an effective maintenance policy. Condition monitoring, (CM), techniques can be utilised to reduce or arrest the rate of deterioration of a component so increasing operating life. The main result reported in this thesis is that the rolling element bearing’s mean effective life could be extended appreciably if an existing vibration-based maintenance policy is used effectively. This result is achieved by a combination of data analysis and logical development. A new maintenance approach was developed to overcome some of the limitations of total productive maintenance, TPM, and reliability-centered maintenance, RCM, and is based upon the Deming managerial feedback cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act). This method is called Total Quality Maintenance, (TQMain). It is a methodology to sustain and improve continuously the technical and economic effectiveness of the manufacturing process elements. It is shown logically that by using vibration-based monitoring, (VBM), program in the frame of a common database for a plant IT-system the causes behind quality deviations and failures can be identified and eliminated effectively at an early stage and the company’s economics would be improved. The condition-based maintenance effectiveness and accuracy are usually related to the ability of the CM system to detect failure causes and follow defect development. Criteria to select the most cost-effective VBM system and the most cost-effective vibration-based maintenance policy are developed. But, in most real cases, CM systems are not utilised effectively and companies are satisfied with the partial savings achieved in maintenance cost. It is shown, by two case studies, that improvements in vibration-based maintenance can be achieved by effective feedback of the results of failures, renewal condition and VBM history analysis. Unfortunately the data coverage and quality in these studies were not sufficient, among other reasons due to the low number of failures and long bearing lives, so the conclusions, although supported by the work results, remain strong qualitative indications, rather than statistical proof. Criteria to measure the effect of improvements to confirm whether it is economically beneficial and to identify the basic reasons why it is not, are developed. The contribution of this thesis is: The development of a sequential method for the selection and improvement of a cost-effective vibration-based maintenance policy. This methodology can be used to justify, on economic criteria, the use of VBM systems to indicate when rolling element bearings should be renewed. It is achieved through; Tools used in quality and maintenance technology and reliability analysis have either been modified or developed beyond their original concept such as; Maintenance cost equation, Total Time On Test-plots. Development of new tools to monitor maintenance effectiveness and accuracy, select the most informative CM parameter(s) and cost-effective vibration-based maintenance policy. A new maintenance approach, (TQMain), and a new envelope alarming method for VBM programs are also developed. Theoretical basis for improvements to the effectiveness of vibration-based maintenance of bearings in paper mill machines and two case studies which tend to confirm the theory.
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| 8. |
- Albin, Björn
(author)
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Morbidity and mortality among foreign-born Swedes
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Aims: The general aim of this thesis was to describe and compare the group of foreign-born persons living in Sweden and native Swedes with regard to health development over time, thus studying the influence of migration on health. Methods: All four studies are based on data from Statistics Sweden (SCB) and the National Board of Health and Welfare, Centre for Epidemiology covering the period 1970?1999. The database used included all foreign-born persons aged 16 years and upwards who were registered as living in Sweden in 1970. For each foreign-born person a Swedish matched control was chosen. The control was matched and was similar in age, sex, occupation, type of employment and county of residence in 1970. In total 906,564 people were included, 50 percent foreign-born persons. Information from the National Board of Health and Welfare, Centre for Epidemiology on date of death and death diagnosis was added to the database. Exclusion criteria were if no information was available or if a person had emigrated or migrated back (?re-migrated?). Persons were then also excluded if the information from the control subject was missing due to migration. The database used for analysis finally consisted of 723,948 persons, 361,974 foreign-born and 361,974 Swedish controls. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program, version 11.5, and both descriptive and analytic statistic methods were used. Results: The results of the four studies show that foreign-born persons living in Sweden 1970?1999 have higher mortality, lower mean age at time of death and a different pattern of causes of death. The studies also found a tendency to less utilization of health care and that county of residence influences mortality among foreign-born persons. The most important finding was that migration has an influence on health. Conclusion: To explain the differences found in health among foreign-born persons, several different factors have to be taken into account. Health is influenced by economic situation, housing, working conditions, unemployment, social network and background before migration. Social and physical environment or inequalities in resources and utilization of health care are important. Migration is shown to have a negative influence on health and is an important factor to consider when studying mortality and health in a population.
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| 9. |
- Albinsson, Gunilla, et al.
(author)
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Maktutövning ur ett organisations- och genusperspektiv. En studie vid tre vårdavdelningar
- 2000
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The primary aim of the present thesis is to increase understandig of the relationship between organisational structure, gender and power. Understanding of this relationship requires a closeness to the individual being studied as well to the content and consequences of that individuals´actions. The empirical object of study is a group of professional women at a somatic clinic. The problem investigated is based on a theoretical perspective on organisations; feminist theories and power theories. Our starting point was that these women should be seen as subjects who actively shape their own daily living situation, experience and actions. We thus felt it appropriate to choose a qualitative method. Data was collected by means of observation and qualitative interviews. The results show that the first foundation of gender-related domination at the clinic was hierarchial and bureaucratic and was characterised by a clear power symmetry and division of labour. The second foundation of gender-related domination resulted in the organisational structure of the clinic allowing a few men at the top of the hierarchy to exercise power over the women in the middle and lower levels. An important conclusion is that the women studied were clearly at a disadvantage in a hierarchial organisation. The difference in influence between men and women in the study was further reinforced by the fact that the various professional categories belonged to different sub-cultures. The unisexual sub-cultures when combined with the doctor´s normative sub-culture further increased the opportunities for the men studied to dominate the women, thereby reinforcing the impression that the organisation was based om male norms and the logic of segregation. Male domination can also be understood from an individual perspective. The men studied adopted different strategies as a means of accentuating their position in relation to the women. The study comprised a few women who used specific domination tactics. They possessed knowledge of the different power techniques open to them, and they used these in their relations with men. Knowledge of the two foundations mentioned stimulates the desire to initiate changes. One element of significance in such changes is the re-forming of structural conditions. It is important to bring about changes at individual level. Men and women´s consciousness of, and knowledge about, gender-related domination must be the focus of attention.
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| 10. |
- Alexandersson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Digitalization of Bookkeeping in Small Organizations : The Case of Sweden
- 2023
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In: Handbook of Big Data and Analytics in Accounting and Auditing. - Singapore : Springer. - 9789811944604 - 9789811944598 - 9789811944628 ; , s. 133-162
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Bookkeeping and accounting is a prevalent feature of small organizations, which has changed face quite substantially with the advent of personal computers and, later, the Internet. The emergence of digitalized accounting procedures has taken place in a nexus of different types of actors (e.g., software developers, accountancy firms and the businesses themselves), regulatory frameworks (e.g., bookkeeping laws and accounting standards) and technical frameworks (e.g., standards for software interactions with banks and tax authorities). Altogether, this has made the paths taken in this process to be largely national. In general, this process of digitalization is largely undocumented and untheorized in research despite its profound impact on practice. Against this backdrop, this chapter has a descriptive and forward-looking approach, documenting the case of how Swedish bookkeeping practices of small organizations became digitalized, which can work as a reference case for comparisons with other national contexts.
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