| 29531. |
- Clark, Brendon, associate professor, 1970-
(författare)
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Expansive Video Capture : Up close, personal & specific tutoring "performances"
- 2021
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Ingår i: <em>Design Culture(s). Cumulus Conference Proceedings Roma 2021</em>. - Rome : The Cumulus Association. - 9789526490045 ; , s. 2253-2264
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Moving fully or partially online during the pandemic has exposed challenges in appreciating the nuances of sociomaterial design work in the design student / tutor encounter, while also offering opportunities for introducing “new” practices to otherwise resistant students and tutors. This paper explores a simple format for and practice of video capture that encourages students to provide detailed descriptions of up-close visual material, giving tutors a comparatively expanded view of the student work and the student or student-teams relationship to their work. By framing the video capture moment as a form of performance for both the tutor(s) and the student(s) involved in the video capture, the paper argues that the video-making process is a productive practice in and of itself, and a collaborative, dialogic one in concert with the tutor as audience, as well as its use as representational practice for tutor consumption.
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| 29532. |
- Clark, Brendon, associate professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Improvisational Design Dialogue
- 2021
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Ingår i: CHI2021 Online interactive workshop.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We take the position that, if we wish to move toward decolonizing design, design(ers) needs to re-think the organization of the design encounter and how we as designers practice participation in that encounter. We emphasize the improvisational nature of turn-taking in “real-time” dialogue amidst asymmetric and dynamic power relations, with design’s commitment to generating resources for future practices, and decolonization’s commitment to re-configure power structures. Improvisational design dialogue – unraveling partial glimpses of our individual and collective journeys in improvised performances of potential realities through a dance of multimodal, partially distributed, partially synchronized dialogue in the “design present”.
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| 29533. |
- Clark, Brendon, associate professor, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Improvisational Design Dialogue : exploring relational design encounters as means to dismantle oppression in design
- 2022
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Ingår i: DRS2022. - London : Design Research Society. - 9781912294572
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explore dismantling oppressive power relations in design, we bring to fore design encounters through the lens of relationality and improvisational competence. This paper is based on the premise that, if we are to move toward decolonizing design, design(ers) needs to re-think the organization of the design encounter and how we as designers practice participation in such encounters. We emphasize the improvisational nature of turn-taking in dialogue amidst asymmetric and dynamic power relations, with design’s commitment to generating resources for future practices, and decolonization’s commitment to re-configure power structures. After problematizing the design encounter from a power relation perspective, we explore practice models for developing improvisational competence. We do this by looking at the two improvisational dialogic practices of Capoeira and Improv Theater. We focus on what it can mean to develop skills in “improvisational competence” of relationality in design. We first touch on our previous Participatory Design work in the language learning “in the wild” agenda and then draw on each of our personal improvisational practices: Capoeira martial art, and improvisational theater. We then outline possibilities for relational improvisational design dialogue and conclude by outlining how it can be practiced in Design education and practice.
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| 29534. |
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| 29535. |
- Clark, Nathaniel, et al.
(författare)
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Iconic pitch expresses vertical space
- 2013
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Ingår i: Language and the creative mind. - Stanford : CSLI Publications. - 9781575866703 ; , s. 393-410
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 29536. |
- Clark, R., et al.
(författare)
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Developing a robust self evaluation framework for active learning : The first stage of an ERASMUS+ project (QAEMarketPlace4HEI)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 43rd SEFI Annual Conference 2015 - Diversity in Engineering Education: An Opportunity to Face the New Trends of Engineering, SEFI 2015. - : European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI). - 9782873520120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In ensuring the quality of learning and teaching in Higher Education, self-evaluation is an important component of the process. An example would be the approach taken within the CDIO community whereby self-evaluation against the CDIO standards is part of the quality assurance process. Eight European universities (Reykjavik University, Iceland; Turku University of Applied Sciences, Finland; Aarhus University, Denmark; Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Finland; Umeå University, Sweden; Telecom Bretagne, France; Aston University, United Kingdom; Queens University Belfast, United Kingdom) are engaged in an EU funded Erasmus + project that is exploring the quality assurance process associated with active learning.
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| 29537. |
- Clark, Samuel J, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiometabolic disease risk and HIV status in rural South Africa : establishing a baseline
- 2015
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To inform health care and training, resource and research priorities, it is essential to establish how non-communicable disease risk factors vary by HIV-status in high HIV burden areas; and whether long-term anti-retroviral therapy (ART) plays a modifying role. Methods: As part of a cohort initiation, we conducted a baseline HIV/cardiometabolic risk factor survey in 2010-2011 using an age-sex stratified random sample of ages 15+ in rural South Africa. We modelled cardiometabolic risk factors and their associations by HIV-status and self-reported ART status for ages 18+ using sex-stratified logistic regression models. Results: Age-standardised HIV prevalence in women was 26% (95% CI 24-28%) and 19% (95% CI 17-21) in men. People with untreated HIV were less likely to have a high waist circumference in both women (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.52-0.86) and men (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.22-0.82). Untreated women were more likely to have low HDL and LDL, and treated women high triglycerides. Cardiometabolic risk factors increased with age except low HDL. The prevalence of hypertension was high (40% in women; 30% in men). Conclusions: Sub-Saharan Africa is facing intersecting epidemics of HIV and hypertension. In this setting, around half the adult population require long-term care for at least one of HIV, hypertension or diabetes. Together with the adverse effects that HIV and its treatment have on lipids, this may have serious implications for the South African health care system. Monitoring of the interaction of HIV, ART use, and cardiometabolic disease is needed at both individual and population levels.
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| 29538. |
- Clark, Samuel J, et al.
(författare)
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Returning home to die : circular labour migration and mortality in South Africa
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Taylor and Francis. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 35:Suppl. 69, s. 35-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To examine the hypothesis that circular labour migrants who become seriously ill while living away from home return to their rural homes to convalesce and possibly to die. METHODS: Drawing on longitudinal data collected by the Agincourt health and demographic surveillance system in rural northeastern South Africa between 1995 and 2004, discrete time event history analysis is used to estimate the likelihood of dying for residents, short-term returning migrants, and long-term returning migrants controlling for sex, age, and historical period. RESULTS: The annual odds of dying for short-term returning migrants are generally 1.1 to 1.9 times (depending on period, sex, and age) higher than those of residents and long-term returning migrants, and these differences are generally highly statistically significant. Further supporting the hypothesis is the fact that the proportion of HIV/TB deaths among short-term returning migrants increases dramatically as time progresses, and short-term returning migrants account for an increasing proportion of all HIV/TB deaths. CONCLUSIONS: This evidence strongly suggests that increasing numbers of circular labour migrants of prime working age are becoming ill in the urban areas where they work and coming home to be cared for and eventually to die in the rural areas where their families live. This shifts the burden of caring for them in their terminal illness to their families and the rural healthcare system with significant consequences for the distribution and allocation of health care resources.
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| 29539. |
- Clark, Samuel J., et al.
(författare)
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Young Children's Probability of Dying Before and After Their Mother's Death : A Rural South African Population-Based Surveillance Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLoS Medicine. - San Francisco : Public library of science. - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 10:3, s. e1001409-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is evidence that a young child's risk of dying increases following the mother's death, but little is known about the risk when the mother becomes very ill prior to her death. We hypothesized that children would be more likely to die during the period several months before their mother's death, as well as for several months after her death. Therefore we investigated the relationship between young children's likelihood of dying and the timing of their mother's death and, in particular, the existence of a critical period of increased risk. Methods and Findings: Data from a health and socio-demographic surveillance system in rural South Africa were collected on children 0-5 y of age from 1 January 1994 to 31 December 2008. Discrete time survival analysis was used to estimate children's probability of dying before and after their mother's death, accounting for moderators. 1,244 children (3% of sample) died from 1994 to 2008. The probability of child death began to rise 6-11 mo prior to the mother's death and increased markedly during the 2 mo immediately before the month of her death (odds ratio [OR] 7.1 [95% CI 3.9-12.7]), in the month of her death (OR 12.6 [6.2-25.3]), and during the 2 mo following her death (OR 7.0 [3.2-15.6]). This increase in the probability of dying was more pronounced for children whose mothers died of AIDS or tuberculosis compared to other causes of death, but the pattern remained for causes unrelated to AIDS/tuberculosis. Infants aged 0-6 mo at the time of their mother's death were nine times more likely to die than children aged 2-5 y. The limitations of the study included the lack of knowledge about precisely when a very ill mother will die, a lack of information about child nutrition and care, and the diagnosis of AIDS deaths by verbal autopsy rather than serostatus. Conclusions: Young children in lower income settings are more likely to die not only after their mother's death but also in the months before, when she is seriously ill. Interventions are urgently needed to support families both when the mother becomes very ill and after her death.
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| 29540. |
- CLARKE, AK, et al.
(författare)
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2 FUNCTIONALLY DISTINCT FORMS OF THE PHOTOSYSTEM-II REACTION-CENTER PROTEIN D1 IN THE CYANOBACTERIUM SYNECHOCOCCUS SP PCC 7942
- 1993
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 90:24, s. 11985-11989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 possesses a small psbA multigene family that codes for two distinct forms of the photosystem II reaction-center protein D1 (D1:1 and D1:2). We showed previously that the normally predominant D1 form (D1:1) was rapidly replaced with the alternative D1:2 when cells adapted to a photon irradiance of 50 mumol/m-2.s-1 are shifted to 500 mumol.m-2.s-1 and that this interchange was readily reversible once cells were allowed to recover under the original growth conditions. By using the psbA inactivation mutants R2S2C3 and R2K1 (which synthesize only D1:1 and D1:2, respectively), we showed that this interchange between D1 forms was essential for limiting the degree of photoinhibition as well as enabling a rapid recovery of photosynthesis. In this report, we have extended these findings by examining whether any intrinsic functional differences exist between the two D1 forms that may afford increased resistance to photoinhibition. Initial studies on the rate of D1 degradation at three photon-irradiances (50, 200, and 500 mumol.m-2.s-1) showed that the rates of degradation for both D1 forms increase with increasing photon flux density but that there was no significant difference between D1:1 and D1:2. Analysis of light-response curves for oxygen evolution for the mutants R2S2C3 and R2K1 revealed that cells with photosystem II reaction centers containing D1:2 have a higher apparent quantum yield (almost-equal-to 25%) than cells possessing D1:1. Further studies using chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements confirmed that R2K1 has a higher photochemical yield than R2S2C3; that is, a more efficient conversion of excitation energy from photon absorption into photochemistry. We believe that the higher photochemical efficiency of reaction centers containing D1:2 is causally related to the preferential induction of D1:2 at high light and thus may be an integral component of the protection mechanism within Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 against photoinhibition.
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