| 1. |
- Adamsson, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Static and Ambulatory Measurements of Illuminance and Spectral Composition That Can Be Used for Assessing Light Exposure in Real Working Environments
- 2019
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Ingår i: LEUKOS The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1550-2724 .- 1550-2716. ; 15:2-3, s. 181-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reliable measurements are of utmost importance when investigating the relationship between light and human reactions. The aim of the present study was to compare two methods for measuring light exposure in real working environments. Ambulatory recordings of illuminance and irradiance were compared with static field measurements of horizontal illuminance at the normal working position, average horizontal illuminance in the room, vertical illuminance at the position of the eye in the normal angle of gaze, and spectral composition of the light radiation at the normal working position and at the position of the eye in the normal angle of gaze. The ambulatory measurements were carried out during a 3-day experimental period and were repeated monthly throughout the year. The static field measurements in the subjects’ offices were conducted five times during the year, in the morning and afternoon during one day. The relationship between the illuminances and irradiances measured with the portable instruments and the static measurements was statistically analyzed. Results from the analyses revealed that more than one third of the static measurements of vertical illuminances recorded were below 200 lx, and only 7% of the measurements exceeded 1000 lx. Measurements of the spectral composition of the light radiation in the rooms suggested that the light, although at a fairly low intensity, included relatively much radiation that can have a non-image forming effect. Furthermore, only a small number of significant correlations between the ambulatory and static measurements were found. Results from the t-tests showed that there were no differences between ambulatory measurements, and static measurements of horizontal illuminance at the normal position, average illuminance in the room and vertical illuminance at the position of the eye during three, five, and seven of the 10 measurements, respectively. There is a need to define appropriate parameters in order to describe the quality of a lit environment with respect to the non-image-forming effects of light radiation.
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| 2. |
- Adamsson, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal variation in bright daylight exposure, mood and behavior among a group of office workers in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Circadian Rhythms. - : Ubiquity Press. - 1740-3391. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to investigate seasonal variation in mood and behavior among a group of office workers in Sweden (56°N). Thirty subjects participated in this longitudinal study. The subjects kept a weekly log that included questionnaires for ratings of psychological wellbeing and daily sleep-activity diaries where they also noted time spent outdoors. The lighting conditions in the offices were subjectively evaluated during one day, five times over the year. There was a seasonal variation in positive affect and in sleep-activity behavior. Across the year, there was a large variation in the total time spent outdoors in daylight. The subjects reported seasonal variation concerning the pleasantness, variation and strength of the light in the offices and regarding the visibility in the rooms. Finally, the subjects spent most of their time indoors, relying on artificial lighting, which demonstrates the importance of the lighting quality in indoor environments.
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| 3. |
- Alayón, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Barriers and Enablers for the Adoption of Sustainable Manufacturing by Manufacturing SMEs
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have inherent characteristics, which require specific solutions for improving the sustainability performance of their operations. The purpose of this paper is to increase the knowledge on barriers and enablers for the adoption of sustainable manufacturing by manufacturing SMEs and to provide insights into what enablers can be used to overcome existing barriers. Taking, as a starting point, a systematic literature review, this paper presents a categorization of barriers and enablers for the adoption of sustainable manufacturing by manufacturing SMEs. In total, seven categories for classifying the barriers and enablers for the adoption of sustainable manufacturing within SMEs were identified: organizational, managerial and attitudinal; informational; governmental; financial; training and skills development; market and business context; and technological. Additionally, this study elaborates on what barriers could be mitigated through the enablers. This study found specific enablers with the potential to mitigate a significantly higher number of barriers and referred to them as ‘critical enablers’. SMEs aiming to adopt sustainable manufacturing practices or improve their sustainability performance are encouraged to focus on the enablers in these categories. This paper synthesizes and facilitates interpretation of the existing body of evidence on barriers and enablers for adopting sustainable manufacturing in SMEs.
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| 4. |
- Almgren, Susanne, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Commenting, sharing and tweeting news : Measuring online news participation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nordicom Review. - : De Gruyter Open. - 1403-1108 .- 2001-5119. ; 37:2, s. 67-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social plugins for sharing news through Facebook and Twitter have become increasingly salient features on news sites. Together with the user comment feature, social plugins are the most common way for users to contribute. The wide use of multiple features has opened new areas to comprehensively study users’ participatory practices. However, how do these opportunities to participate vary between the participatory spaces that news sites affiliated with local, national broadsheet and tabloid news constitute? How are these opportunities appropriated by users in terms of participatory practices such as commenting and sharing news through Facebook and Twitter? In addition, what differences are there between news sites in these respects? To answer these questions, a quantitative content analysis has been conducted on 3,444 articles from nine Swedish online newspapers. Local newspapers are more likely to allow users to comment on articles than are national newspapers. Tweeting news is appropriated only on news sites affiliated with evening tabloids and national morning newspapers. Sharing news through Facebook is 20 times more common than tweeting news or commenting. The majority of news items do not attract any user interaction.
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| 5. |
- Almgren, Susanne, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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‘Let’s Get Them Involved’ . . . to Some Extent : Analyzing Online News Participation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Social Media + Society. - : Sage Publications. - 2056-3051. ; 1:2, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of social media applications, such as blogs, Facebook, and Twitter, has offered new participatory opportunities for everyday media users. This article contributes to research by looking into one specific aspect of the increasingly more participatory media ecology—the news comment feature. Drawing on a quantitative content analysis of 1,100 news pieces, as well as spaces for user comments, the article reveals both how this emerging public space is shaped by the media company and, later, appropriated by their participating users. Our analysis reveals, for instance, that the online newspaper prefers to allow users to comment on lightweight news such as sports and entertainment. The users, however, prefer to post comments on news covering changes in proximity space, politics, and health care, while also clearly ignoring the most available news pieces (sport and entertainment). In the concluding section, the discrepancy in preferences is discussed.
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| 6. |
- Alpizar, Francisco, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Do entrance fees crowd out donations for public goods? Evidence from a protected area in Costa Rica
- 2015
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Ingår i: Environment and Development Economics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1355-770X .- 1469-4395. ; 20:3, s. 311-326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we investigate how different levels of entrance fees affect donations for a public good, a natural park. To explore this issue, we conducted a stated preference study focusing on visitors' preferences for donating money to raise funds for a protected area in Costa Rica given different entrance fee levels. The results reveal that there is incomplete crowding out of donations when establishing an entrance fee.
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| 7. |
- Alpizar, F., et al.
(författare)
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Spillovers from targeting of incentives: Exploring responses to being excluded
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4870 .- 1872-7719. ; 59, s. 87-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing set of policies involve transfers conditioned upon socially desired actions, such as attending school or conserving forest. However, given a desire to maximize the impact of limited funds by avoiding transfers that do not change behavior, typically some potential recipients are excluded on the basis of their characteristics, their actions or at random. This paper uses a laboratory experiment to study the behavior of individuals excluded on different bases from a new incentive that encourages real monetary donations to a public environmental conservation program. We show that the donations from the individuals who were excluded based on prior high contributions fell significantly. Yet the rationale used for exclusion mattered, in that none of the other selection criteria used as the basis for exclusion resulted in negative effects on contributions. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Anderberg, Elsie, et al.
(författare)
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Micro processes of learning : Exploring the interplay between conceptions, meanings and expressions
- 2009
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Ingår i: Higher Education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-1560 .- 1573-174X. ; 58:5, s. 653-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article describes qualitative variation in micro processes of learning, focusing the dynamic interplay between conceptions, expressions and meanings of expressions in students' learning in higher education. The intentional-expressive approach employed is an alternative approach to the function of language use in learning processes. In the empirical investigation, a dialogue model was used that both stimulates and documents students' ways of processing meaning. Results were grouped into three descriptive categories: vague, stabilising and developing ways of processing. Educational implications include, firstly, two distinct types of vague constitution of meaning in learning: one connected to fragmentary relationships between expressions and meanings, and another that triggers and creates close relationships and changes in relationships. Secondly, the categories display different unexplored ways of processing, related to deep and surface approaches in students' learning.
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| 10. |
- Anderson, Helén, et al.
(författare)
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Do Competition Authorities Consider Business Relationships?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing. - : Taylor and Francis (Routledge). - 1051-712X .- 1547-0628. ; 19:1, s. 67-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Companies engage in business relationships for a variety of reasons, including specialization, product development, and building competitive networks. Research has demonstrated that mergers and acquisitions (Mandamp;As) may challenge ongoing business relationships. The purpose of this article is to investigate whether and how competition authorities consider business relationships when evaluating Mandamp;As. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethodology: The article uses the documentation from 450 Mandamp;As reported to the Swedish competition authority to capture the way in which an authority evaluates Mandamp;As. The Swedish competition authority evaluation corresponds to other national and international evaluation procedures. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanFindings: The findings indicate that the competition authorities neglect an important aspect of business life, namely companies forming business relationships. The competition authorities evaluate Mandamp;As on the basis of risk for price increases, and consequently disregard such issues as heterogeneity in demand and offerings, and values built into existing business relationships. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanOriginality/Value/Contribution: The article contributes to research on business relationships through exploring how a public authority deals with such relationships. It also contributes to research on mergers and acquisitions through examining how these activities are evaluated by competition authorities. Furthermore, the article contributes to competition research by reflecting on competition law concerning Mandamp;A regulations in relation to business relationships.
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