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| 2. |
- Lundgren Kownacki, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Does a building renovation improve the indoor thermal comfort? : A thermal environment evaluation before and after renovation
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sustainable renovation results in both a good indoor environment and high-energy efficiency. However, contemporary renovations often focus on energy and environmental performance, leaving out other aspects, such as the thermal comfort. The aim of the ongoing study is to compare the results of an extensive thermal environment evaluation before and after major renovation of ten typical 1970’s rental apartments in multi-family buildings located in Southern Sweden. The data collected is comprehensive and includes measurements of air temperature, relative humidity (RH), air velocity, plane radiant and globe temperature, draught rate, turbulence intensity, operative temperature, PMV/PPD indices and thermal sensation (thermal comfort evaluation) using a LumaSense INNOVA 1221 Thermal Comfort data logger. MSR Temp/RH data logger sensors were also placed at four different heights. The outside weather data and individual factors such as clothing, activity, gender, age were also collected. Measurements were taken in the living room of each apartment for 2 hours during three winter seasons: one measurement session before and two after renovation resulting in 30 measurements in total. The preliminary results from the first two winter seasons for draught rate, PMV/PPD, RH and radiant temperature all showed slight improvements after renovation. Further, the study results show that the individual perceived thermal comfort does not always agree with the measured and calculated thermal comfort. The data is currently under analysis and final results will be presented.
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| 5. |
- Omelekhina, Yuliya, et al.
(författare)
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Indoor-to-outdoor ratios of ultrafine particles in Swedish residences
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A number of health effects have been linked to exposure to airborne particles, however the consequences of exposure to ultrafine particles is largely unknown. Ultrafine particles can be emitted from different indoor activities or be of the outdoor origin. This is further complicated by the fact that we are spending majority of the time indoors. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of renovations on indoor-to-outdoor (I/O) ratios of ultrafine particles (UFP) in 6 occupied Swedish residences. Simultaneous indoor and outdoor measurements were performed in 6 residences for seven consecutive days in urban area in southern Sweden. The apartments were mechanically ventilated and had volumes between 115-218 m3. The renovation activities included adjusting air exchange rates (AER) to meet Swedish standards (0.5 AER h-1) and installation of the new kitchen extraction fans. NanoTracers (Oxility Aerasense) were used to measure particle number concentrations and mean particle diameters (10 - 300 nm). Based on the averages of particle number concentrations (PNC) during occupancy period, indoor-to-outdoor ratios (I/O) were calculated for each home. AER have been increased in the apartments during renovations to 0.4-0.7 h-1 in comparison to values before the renovation 0.2-0.4 h-1. After renovation I/O ratios of PNC during occupancy periods varied between 0.2-3.8 and were lower in comparison to the values before renovations 1.0-11.9. This could indicate increased efficiency of particles removal after renovation but also can be influenced by lower amount of performed activities by occupants, which were 2-3 times lower after in comparison to before. Results have shown the positive changes of the renovation processes on AER and particle removal. Nevertheless, the frequency and type of indoor activities performed by residents at home influence the indoor concentrations. The Swedish Research Council FORMAS and the Swedish Energy Agency financed the project.
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- Pedersen, Eja, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges in transdisciplinary research : Example from a study on people as part of energy and ventilation systems in residential buildings (PEIRE)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cold Climate HVAC 2018 : Sustainable Buildings in Cold Climates - Sustainable Buildings in Cold Climates. - 9783030006617 - 9783030006624 ; , s. 802-812
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy efficiency measures in residential buildings typically include changes in ventilation and heating systems, and increased thermal insulation of the building envelope. The expected energy efficiency is not always reached, despite large knowledge and professional implementation of each separate measure. Thereis a lack in understanding of how technical systems interact, and how the ocupants are influenced by and in turn influence the systems by their behaviour. A holistic view and a transdisciplinary research approach are needed to understand relevant interactions and propose integrated energy efficiency measures. The aim of this paper is to reveal challenges in transdisciplinary research projects that include real world studies on both humans and technical systems with measurements before and after renovation of multifamily housing. It is based on experiences from the PEIRE-project (People, Environment, Indoor, Renovation, Energy) carried out by a research team with expertise on environmental psychology, human behaviour, interaction design, universal design, building physics, building services, thermal comfort, aerosol technology, exposure assessment, acoustics, daylight, and complex thinking. Differences in theoretical bases and methodology needed to be dealt with. Metatheory building could help with the transition from a multi- to a transdisciplinary understanding.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Pedersen, Eja, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges in Transdisciplinary Research—Example from a Study on People as Part of Energy and Ventilation Systems in Residential Buildings (PEIRE)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cold Climate HVAC 2018. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030006617 - 9783030006624 ; , s. 803-812
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Energy efficiency measures in residential buildings typically include changes in ventilation and heating systems, and increased thermal insulation of the building envelope. The expected energy efficiency is not always reached, despite large knowledge and professional implementation of each separate measure. There is a lack in understanding of how technical systems interact, and how the occupants are influenced by and in turn influence the systems by their behaviour. A holistic view and a transdisciplinary research approach are needed to understand relevant interactions and propose integrated energy efficiency measures. The aim of this paper is to reveal challenges in transdisciplinary research projects that include real world studies on both humans and technical systems with measurements before and after renovation of multifamily housing. It is based on experiences from the PEIRE-project (People, Environment, Indoor, Renovation, Energy) carried out by a research team with expertise on environmental psychology, human behaviour, interaction design, universal design, building physics, building services, thermal comfort, aerosol technology, exposure assessment, acoustics, daylight, and complex thinking. Differences in theoretical bases and methodology needed to be dealt with. Metatheory building could help with the transition from a multi- to a transdisciplinary understanding.
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| 9. |
- Pedersen, Eja, et al.
(författare)
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Tenant perceptions of post-renovation indoor environmental quality in rental housing: improved for some, but not for those reporting health-related symptoms
- 2020
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Ingår i: Building and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-684X .- 0360-1323. ; 189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much of the 1950–1970s building stock in Sweden and other European countries is being renovated to reduce energy use and for general upgrading. To realize the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the renovations should also improve indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The PEIRE (People-Environment-Indoor-Renovation-Energy) study followed the renovation of a multifamily housing area in Sweden comprising 14 buildings with 323 dwellings in total. We aimed to investigate tenant perception of IEQ changes after the renovation with focus on perceived control of IEQ, recalling of being informed how to control IEQ, and if tenants with self-reported symptoms perceive the changes differently. A post-renovation survey (n = 104, response rate 36%) showed that the renovation increased the proportion of residents experiencing satisfactory thermal comfort and air quality in the winter, as well as improved noise conditions. Perceiving reduced draught in the thermal environment was associated with experiencing being informed and being able to control heat and ventilation. Respondents reporting skin irritation symptoms were less likely than others to perceive any improvements of IEQ factors such as air quality, daylight, noise from installations and neighbours, and periods of excessive heat. Renovations targeting housing sustainability – here, decreasing energy use and mitigating wear and tear while keeping the rents low – could increase tenant perceptions of improved IEQ, especially if factors concerning information and tenants’ ability to control the regulating systems are addressed. Interestingly, results of this study point out that tenants experiencing IEQ-related symptoms may require enhanced IEQ improvements to experience the renovation as satisfactory.
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| 10. |
- Wierzbicka, Aneta, et al.
(författare)
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Healthy Indoor Environments : The Need for a Holistic Approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 15:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indoor environments have a large impact on health and well-being, so it is important to understand what makes them healthy and sustainable. There is substantial knowledge on individual factors and their effects, though understanding how factors interact and what role occupants play in these interactions (both causative and receptive) is lacking. We aimed to: (i) explore interactions between factors and potential risks if these are not considered from holistic perspective; and (ii) identify components needed to advance research on indoor environments. The paper is based on collaboration between researchers from disciplines covering technical, behavioural, and medical perspectives. Outcomes were identified through literature reviews, discussions and workshops with invited experts and representatives from various stakeholder groups. Four themes emerged and were discussed with an emphasis on occupant health: (a) the bio-psycho-social aspects of health; (b) interaction between occupants, buildings and indoor environment; (c) climate change and its impact on indoor environment quality, thermal comfort and health; and (d) energy efficiency measures and indoor environment. To advance the relevant research, the indoor environment must be considered a dynamic and complex system with multiple interactions. This calls for a transdisciplinary and holistic approach and effective collaboration with various stakeholders.
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