| 32751. |
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| 32752. |
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| 32753. |
- Ekman, Agneta, 1947-
(författare)
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On dental health and related factors in Finnish immigrant children in Sweden
- 1989
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the postwar period Swedish communities have become more multicultural. Although there are about 120,000 Finnish immigrant children below the age of 18 in Sweden, knowledge about their dental health is rather sparse.Dental health and related factors were studied in Finnish immigrant children aged 5,8 and 14 years, living in the city of Luleå, northern Sweden. The effect of early dental health education to parents at the Child Health Centres was studied in one age group in Luleå and in one in the municipality of Botkyrka, Stockholm county. All groups of Finnish children were compared to Swedish children matched for age, sex and social class.At the age of 5 the prevalence of dental caries was higher than in Swedish control children. At the age of 8, this difference persisted, but was less pronounced in the permanent than in the primary dentition. The net mean caries increment between 5 and 8 years of age was 11.2 in the Finnish group compared to 7.4 in the Swedish. The proportion of children selected for individual prophylaxis and the time used between age 5 and 8 did not differ between the Finnish and the Swedish groups.In the Finnish teenagers, the prevalence of dental caries was higher than in the Swedish teenagers. Periodontal health was equally good in all age groups of Finnish and Swedish children. The difference in caries prevalence between the two groups was mainly explained by a more frequent between-meal eating and a higher intake of sucrose-containing products between meals in the Finnish children. Even though they had been included in organized dental care with individual prophylaxis, this was obviously not enough to guarantee them as good a dental health as in the Swedish children.Flourides were used to an equal extent in the Finnish and Swedish groups. Toothbrushing was less frequent in all Finnish age groups than in the Swedish controls.The Finnish parents were less convinced than the Swedish about their ability to influence the child’s dental health, and more Finnish than Swedish parents also found it necessary to visit a dentist only when they had toothache.The Finnish teenagers who had received almost twice as many hours of individual prophylaxis as the Swedish, knew less about the etiology of dental caries but equally much about the etiology of gingivitis.The best result of early dental health education to parents, evaluated by comparing prevalence of dental caries of the children at the age of 3, was obtained when information was given three times in Finnish. If information in the mother tongue cannot be offered, an extra session of information in Swedish can also benefit the dental health of the child.
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| 32754. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Across the street - not down the road - staying alive through deliberate self-harm
- 2009
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Ingår i: Internet and Suicide. - New York : Nova Science Publisher. - 9781607410775 ; , s. 221-232
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- While the psychiatric therapeutic community is focused on individual diagnostic tools to understand deliberate self harm, self-destructive behaviour among young persons in Western society is increasing to a level where it arguably must be regarded as a cultural rather than an individual problem. While psychiatry adheres to its expert role, trying to find explanations for the individual behaviour in past life experiences and subsequent personality formation, the world outside of the therapy room is changing. In this outside world, on the Internet deliberate self harm is not described as a pathological behaviour that needs to be corrected, but as a powerful tool to cope with present life stressors, a way to form an identity and even as a way of staying alive. Against a background of present trends in society and how these influence identity formation, these narratives give important clues for finding new approaches to the experiences and life strategies of young persons living in modern society. In encounters with young persons whose self-harming behaviour has become intimately woven into the fabric of life, the keys to opening up different perspectives and find other ways to cope probably can not be found without accrediting the strength and determination in the present behaviour and closely and attentively pay attention to her own understanding of her situation, her own strengths and her own abilities.
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| 32755. |
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| 32756. |
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| 32757. |
- Ekman, Inger
(författare)
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Beyond medicalization : Self-injuring acts revisited
- 2016
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Ingår i: Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1363-4593 .- 1461-7196. ; 20:4, s. 346-362
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For too long, medical/psychiatric and psychological studies, with focus on emotional sensitivity, personality traits, and correlation with psychopathology, have dominated research on self-injuring acts. The phenomenon thus has been defined as a predominantly medical issue. However, a large body of community prevalence studies show self-injuring acts to be a common phenomenon in society, and most of those who self-injure are unknown in psychiatric or other clinical settings. This article describes and analyzes the medicalization of self-injuring acts and argues a need to move research on self-injuring acts out of the medical paradigm. There is a need to explicitly explore the impact of social, cultural, structural, and gendered factors surrounding and influencing self-injuring acts. A non-medical approach, beyond the limits of the medical perspective, would feed research forward and create a more nuanced view on this widespread social phenomenon.
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| 32758. |
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| 32759. |
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| 32760. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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On the Risks of Medicalization of Adolescents Self-Injuring Acts
- 2021
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Psychiatry. - : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2161-7325 .- 2161-7333. ; 11:1, s. 29-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although common among community adolescents, self-injuring acts are mainlystudied by psychiatrists and psychologists and rarely by social work researchers.The preponderance of medical research in the field has come to associateself-injuring acts with mental issues. This view has to a large extent beenadopted among professionals as well as among laypeople. When examiningadolescents’ unsolicited internet published narratives, this medicalization ofself-injuring acts was found to have negative consequences for disclosure andhelp-seeking, and hence limit the adolescents’ possibilities to get adequate helpand support. The main objective of this work is to study adolescents’ views onhampering factors for help-seeking for self-injuring acts and the role of medicalisationfor their willingness for disclosure and help-seeking. Disclosure ofself-injuring acts within the social network was described as met with demandsto seek professional mental help. Seeking professional help was accompaniedwith fear of being perceived as crazy or diagnosed as mentally ill. Internet websiteswere described as value free and safe arenas giving opportunity to discloseself-injuring acts without fear of being stigmatized and labelled as mentally ill.An extended involvement of social work researchers and professionals, approachingself-injuring acts not primarily as a sign of mental problems, but asan adolescent way of trying to manage a complicated social context, could enhancefinding adequate support systems. It is also necessary that the medicalprofession contributes to a demedicalization of self-injuring acts.
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