| 1. |
- Weston, David J., et al.
(author)
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The Sphagnome Project : enabling ecological and evolutionary insights through a genus-level sequencing project
- 2018
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In: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 217:1, s. 16-25
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Considerable progress has been made in ecological and evolutionary genetics with studies demonstrating how genes underlying plant and microbial traits can influence adaptation and even 'extend' to influence community structure and ecosystem level processes. Progress in this area is limited to model systems with deep genetic and genomic resources that often have negligible ecological impact or interest. Thus, important linkages between genetic adaptations and their consequences at organismal and ecological scales are often lacking. Here we introduce the Sphagnome Project, which incorporates genomics into a long-running history of Sphagnum research that has documented unparalleled contributions to peatland ecology, carbon sequestration, biogeochemistry, microbiome research, niche construction, and ecosystem engineering. The Sphagnome Project encompasses a genus-level sequencing effort that represents a new type of model system driven not only by genetic tractability, but by ecologically relevant questions and hypotheses.
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| 2. |
- Berríos-Negrón, Luis
(author)
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Greenhouse Superstructures as Social Pedestals : displaying site-specific non-locality as a possible form of resilience
- 2015
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In: Architecture and Resilience on the Human Scale. - Sheffield, UK : University of Sheffield. ; , s. 70-71
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this paper I will propose that greenhouse superstructures are not just the surface envelop of an industrial typology: they are more so a spatial archetype. As such, they are historiographical boundary objects that at times display the spatiotemporal dimensions and geopolitical flows of environmental form in accelerated climate change. This abovementioned hypothesis is reflected through the manifold of “resilience” as defined by Prof. Lawrence Vale - of resilience being “a window into conflicting human values”. The aim of this effort is to ultimately centre the manifold notion of “greenhouse” as an index that points away from itself towards the impact of anthropological and technocratic ideologies on agricultural and spatial production. It is these binary ideologies that arguably create what we sense to be a crisis of scale, now further articulated as the hyperobject of climate change as a disjuncture that we nostalgically entertain as a chasm between the human condition and the living environment. Parsed by augmenting the notion of 'greenhouse superstructure' – as technology, gas, and effect – the hypothesis looks to articulate the greenhouse as a 'site-specific non-local' sensation on the expanding sculptural field. What this expanding sculptural netherworld implies needs to be rigorously addressed for it may very well become what tautologically heightens the greenhouse to the providence of becoming our future atmosphere and landscape. To elaborate this potentiality, I will first present the schematics and precedents of the dissertation, including four installations of my authorship in Germany, Brazil, and Sweden. These sections then lead to an argument instantiated by thinking of the greenhouse as 'social pedestal'. The objective is therefore to embody the notion of non-local site-specific resilience as modes of pedagogy and production that aspire to destabilise the anthropological machine, as resilient modes not limited to historic, scientific, artistic, correlational, nor speculative conventions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Jiang, Xuemei, et al.
(author)
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Impacts of policy measures on the development of state-owned forests in Northeast China : Theoretical results and empirical evidence
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- State-owned forest enterprises (SOFEs) in northeast China and Inner Mongolia play important roles both in timber production and in the maintenance of ecological security. However, since the late 1970s, forest resource and economic crises have seriously restricted these functions. Based on a theoretical and an empirical analysis of the harvest and investment behavior of the SOFEs, we examined the effects of forest policies and the socioeconomic conditions on the behavioral choices of the SOFEs. Both the extent to which SOFE supervising authorities emphasized improvement of forest resources in their annual evaluations and the increases in expenses necessary to manage SOFEs had significant impacts on harvest and investment decisions as well as development of forest resources. Promoting the management and utilization of non-timber resources, as well as reforms to increase the efficiency of forest protection and management, have reduced timber harvests as intended, which in turn has increased investment and improved forest resources. The effects have been relatively small, however. In contrast, reforms aimed at timber harvest and afforestation activities actually contributed toincreasing the timber harvest, which affected the development of the forest resources negatively.
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| 5. |
- Yu, Jun, 1962-, et al.
(author)
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Distribution Estimation for Fishing Time
- 2011
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Information on visitation frequencies in recreational fishing is important when dealing with fishing tourism in order to make prognoses forthe future upon changes in the management of the aquatic environment (flow regime or habitat restoration), fishing regulations, or to estimatethe total harvest of fish. Therefore interviews have been performed in a number of streams and sections of streams, throughout the last twenty years in the Jämtland-Härjedalen region in Sweden. In this work the probability distribution of total fishing hours a day (possibly on differentperiods) is considered. We found that both Gamma and Weibull distributions can be considered as approximate distributions that generate the data. Gamma distribution fits very well for summer season while Weibull distribution is more appropriate for the other periods. In general, the gamma model is easier to interpret and better fits the mode of the distribution, and therefore, is preferred. Having parameters estimated, we are able to calculate probabilities of different fishing times. It is also suggested to use two periods: mid-summer – the end of August and other dates. The modelling at section level seems to be successful. Both the Gamma and Weibull distributions fits well the data for all periods, providing that the number of observations are not less than 20. The mean fishing hours, however, varies from section to section, even within the same watercourse.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Carvalho, Ricardo, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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Household Bioenergy Transitions with Alternative Biomass Feedstocks and Technologies: An Integrated System to Mitigate Environmental Risks in Western Kenya
- 2018
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In Kenya, over 50% of the total primary energy consumption is from traditional solid-fuel cooking, being this a major cause of deforestation and household air pollution (HAP). Western Kenya has an agricultural biofuel feedstock of over 1.9 million Mt, which could be processed to supply cookstoves with crop-residue pellets and improved wood fallows. The sociotechnical viability of two novel bioenergy value chains were analysed using the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning system. Three scenarios of transition to efficient cookstoves and decentralized biofuel and electricity production systems were tested. In the “Optimal scenario”, the current feedstock in the Kisumu and Siaya counties could satisfy over 80% of the cooking energy demand by 2030. Here, the net greenhouse gas emissions from charcoal production and HAP could be reduced by 87% to 12.6 thousand Mt CO2e. Further work should integrate socioeconomic indicators reflecting additional local/regional stakeholders´ collaboration channels (cost-effective) to support the bioenergy transitions.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Lidman, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Metal transport in the boreal landscape : the role of wetlands and the affinity for organic matter
- 2014
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In: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 48:7, s. 3783-3790
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Stream water concentrations of 13 major and trace elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, La, Mg, Na,Ni, Si, Sr, U, Y) were used to estimate fluxes from 15 boreal catchments. All elementsdisplayed a significant negative correlation to the wetland coverage in each catchment, butthe influence of wetlands was stronger for organophilic metals. 73% of the spatialdifferences in the normalized element fluxes could be explained based only on the wetlandcoverage and the affinity for organic matter, which was quantified using thermodynamicmodeling. When restraining the analysis to the smaller streams (<10 km2) the explanatorypower increased to 88%. The results suggest that wetlands may decrease the fluxes ofmetals from boreal forests to downstream recipients by up to 40%. We suggest that thedecrease in element fluxes is caused by a combination of low weathering in peat soils andaccumulation of organophilic metals in peat. The model could not explain the spatial pattersfor some metals with low affinity for organic matter, some redox-sensitive metals and somemetals with exceptionally high atmospheric deposition, but the results still demonstrate thatwetlands play a crucial role for the biogeochemical cycling of metals in the boreal landscape.
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| 10. |
- Oksanen, Lauri, et al.
(author)
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Islands as tests of the green world hypothesis.
- 2010
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In: Trophic Cascades – Predators, Prey, and the changing dynamics of Nature. - Washihgton DC : Island Press. - 9781597264860 ; , s. 163-178, s. 163-178
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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