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- Mamhidir, Anna-Greta, et al.
(författare)
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Weight increase in patients with dementia, and alteration in meal routines and meal environment after integrity promoting care.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 16:5, s. 987-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims. To follow weight changes in patients with moderate and severe dementia and analyse how these changes related to biological and psychological parameters after staff education and support in integrity promoting care. A further aim was to describe meal environment and routines relative to the intervention.Background. Weight loss in patients with dementia and in particular Alzheimer's disease is common. The aetiology appears multifactorial with the meal environment and a decreased independence while eating among the factors.Method. Over a three-month intervention period, an integrity-promoting care training programme was conducted with the staff of a long-term ward. Alzheimer's disease patients, 18 from an intervention ward and 15 from a control ward were included and possible effects were evaluated. Weighing was conducted at the start and after completion of the intervention. Weight changes were analysed in relation to psychological and biochemical parameters. In addition, the staff wrote diaries about, for example changes made in the environment and in their work.Results. The most prominent difference observed was weight increases in 13 of 18 patients compared with two of 15 patients in the control ward. No weight changes were related to the type of dementia. The individual weight changes correlated significantly to changes in the intellectual functions. Relationships between weight change, increased motor function and increased appetite were non-significant. There was no significant relationship between weight changes and changes in biochemical parameters. According to the staff, increased contact with the patients and a more pleasant atmosphere resulted when the meal environment and routines were changed.Relevance to clinical practice. Weight gain in patients with moderate and severe dementia was achieved by adjusting the meal environment to the individual's needs. Staff education was profitable, as increased competence seemed to promote individually adapted feeding situations. Ensuring good meal situations need to be given high priority.
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| 4. |
- Samsioe, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Intrauterine death, fetal malformation, and delayed pregnancy in Ljungan virus-infected mice
- 2006
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Ingår i: Birth defects research. Part B. Developmental and reproductice toxicology. - : Wiley. - 1542-9733 .- 1542-9741. ; 77:4, s. 251-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A picornavirus (Ljunganvirus [LV]) has recently been associated with disease during pregnancy in its natural rodent reservoir and in humans. A study of laboratory mice infected under controlled conditions was therefore undertaken. METHODS: CD-1 female mice were infected gestational day two and subjected to varying regimes of stress. RESULTS: LV infection in combination with stress resulted in uterine resorptions, malformations, and neonatal death. A short delay in time to first pregnancy and births was observed in pairs infected in utero. CONCLUSIONS: LV is found in different species of native animals in both Europe and the United States and human epidemiological evidence connects LV and human reproduction, while the observations here indicate that LV is responsible for reproductive problems in a laboratory mouse model. The current findings suggest that the hypothesis that LV also causes disease in pregnant women and their offspring deserves further study.
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| 5. |
- Sundberg, Kay, et al.
(författare)
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Positive and negative consequences of childhood cancer influencing the lives of young adults
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 13:3, s. 164-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to describe how young adults who have survived childhood cancer consider their present life to be influenced by the cancer experience. A cohort of 246 long-term survivors were approached a median of 16 years after diagnosis. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted based on the Swedish version of the Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life-Direct Weighting (SEIQoL-DW). Interviews were analysed using content analyses. When asked if cancer negatively or positively currently affected their lives, 68% reported at least one negative consequence and 53% at least one positive consequence. The most frequently reported negative consequences include a variety of physical impairments and limitations in participating in activities; positive consequences describe a more positive view of life and of self. Women more often than men reported negative psychological impact, a changed body appearance and positive interaction with others. CNS tumours and combined treatment were somewhat associated to a higher extent of negative consequences. Overall, the results indicate that long-term survivors of childhood cancer are getting along quite well despite shortcomings.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Skeletal muscle morphology in power-lifters with and without anabolic steroids
- 2005
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Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0948-6143 .- 1432-119X. ; 124:2, s. 167-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The morphological appearance of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle from high-level power-lifters on long-term anabolic steroid supplementation (PAS) and power-lifters never taking anabolic steroids (P) was compared. The effects of long- and short-term supplementation were compared. Enzyme-immunohistochemical investigations were performed to assess muscle fiber type composition, fiber area, number of myonuclei per fiber, internal myonuclei, myonuclear domains and proportion of satellite cells. The PAS group had larger type I, IIA, IIAB and IIC fiber areas (p<0.05). The number of myonuclei/fiber and the proportion of central nuclei were significantly higher in the PAS group (p<0.05). Similar results were seen in the trapezius muscle (T) but additionally, in T the proportion of fibers expressing developmental myosin isoforms was higher in the PAS group compared to the P group. Further, in VL, the PAS group had significantly larger nuclear domains in fibers containing > or = 5 myonuclei. The results of AS on VL morphology in this study were similar to previously reported short-term effects of AS on VL. The initial effects from AS appear to be maintained for several years.
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| 7. |
- Lampic, Claudia, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes towards gamete donation among IVF-doctors in the Nordic countries - are they in line with national legislation?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1058-0468 .- 1573-7330. ; 26:5, s. 231-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To compare attitudes towards gamete donation between IVF doctors in the Nordic countries, and to determine whether attitudes are in correspondence with national legislation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study-specific questionnaire was used to study attitudes of 108 IVF doctors (92% response). Participants constituted 78% of all IVF doctors in Sweden, Denmark and Norway and 15% of IVF doctors in Finland. RESULTS: Despite similar legislation regarding offspring right to learn his/her donor's identity, IVF doctors from Norway reported significantly more negative attitudes towards disclosure than did Swedish physicians. A majority from all countries demonstrated positive attitudes towards embryo donation and allowing sperm donation for lesbian couples. Physicians reported strong support for anonymous donation but less support for 'known' donation. CONCLUSION: There are discrepancies between IVF doctors' attitudes towards gamete donation and national legislation in four Nordic countries. Negative attitudes towards disclosure to offspring may counteract legislative intentions.
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| 8. |
- Röijezon, Ulrik, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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A novel method for neck coordination exercise : a pilot study on persons with chronic non-specific neck pain
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1743-0003. ; 5, s. 36-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chronic neck pain is a common problem and is often associated with changes in sensorimotor functions, such as reduced proprioceptive acuity of the neck, altered coordination of the cervical muscles, and increased postural sway. In line with these findings there are studies supporting the efficacy of exercises targeting different aspects of sensorimotor function, for example training aimed at improving proprioception and muscle coordination. To further develop this type of exercises we have designed a novel device and method for neck coordination training. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical applicability of the method and to obtain indications of preliminary effects on sensorimotor functions, symptoms and self-rated characteristics in non-specific chronic neck painMETHODS: The study was designed as an uncontrolled clinical trial including fourteen subjects with chronic non-specific neck pain. A new device was designed to allow for an open skills task with adjustable difficulty. With visual feedback, subjects had to control the movement of a metal ball on a flat surface with a rim strapped on the subjects' head. Eight training sessions were performed over a four week period. Skill acquisition was measured throughout the intervention period. After intervention subjects were interviewed about their experience of the exercise and pain and sensorimotor functions, including the fast and slow components of postural sway and jerkiness-, range-, position sense-, movement time- and velocity of cervical rotation, were measured. At six-month follow up, self-rated pain, health and functioning was collected.RESULTS: The subjects improved their skill to perform the exercise and were overall positive to the method. No residual negative side-effects due to the exercise were reported. After intervention the fast component of postural sway (p = 0.019) and jerkiness of cervical rotation (p = 0.032) were reduced. The follow up showed decreased disability (one out of three indices) and fear of movement, and increased general health (three out of eight dimensions).CONCLUSION: The results support the clinical applicability of the method. The improvements in sensorimotor functions may suggest transfer from the exercise to other, non-task specific motor functions and justifies a future randomized controlled trial.
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| 9. |
- Skoog Svanberg, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes towards gamete donation among Swedish gynaecologists and obstetricians
- 2008
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Ingår i: Human Reproduction. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0268-1161 .- 1460-2350. ; 23:4, s. 904-911
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) legislation in Sweden has undergone a gradual transformation from being fairly restrictive when first introduced to becoming more permissive in recent years. Regarding gamete donation, Sweden became the first country to pass legislation about disclosure by establishing a child's right to find out the identity of the gamete donor once the child has reached maturity. Our aim was to investigate attitudes towards gamete donation among Swedish gynaecologists and obstetricians. METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to all gynaecologists and obstetricians listed from a commercial register of all working in Sweden. Among 1230 eligible gynaecologists/obstetricians, 854 (69%) answered the questionnaire. RESULTS: In general, the majority of Swedish gynaecologists/obstetricians had positive attitudes towards gamete donation. Although a majority advocated openness regarding informing the child that he or she was conceived by making use of gamete donation, similar to 40% opposed allowing the child to receive any information about the donor when the child has reached maturity. Even though Swedish legislation has allowed sperm donation to lesbian couples since July 2005, one-third of the gynaecologists/obstetricians opposed donation to lesbians. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the gynaecologists'/obstetricians' negative attitudes towards disclosure may influence patients' ability to discuss their thoughts and feelings about donation. This may also have a negative impact on donor recruitment as well as on the extent of methods made accessible within ART.
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| 10. |
- Sydsjö, Gunilla, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses promote openness regarding the genetic origins after gamete donation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 96:10, s. 1500-1504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To study attitudes and knowledge concerning different aspects of sperm and oocyte donation among paediatric nurses at child health care centres (CHCs) in Sweden. METHOD: A study-specific questionnaire, to be completed anonymously, was sent to 188 nurses, 141 of whom (75%) responded. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents (62%) stated that they had no professional experience of families created with the help of a donor. A majority (53%) stated that they had good knowledge of the procedure followed in sperm donation, whereas 43% stated that they had good knowledge of the procedure of oocyte donation. More than 80% agreed that the parents should be honest with their child with regard to the child's genetic origin. Among the respondents who were in favour of disclosure, the preferred age for informing the child varied between 0 to 19 years (mean 7.2, SD 5.7). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the nurses working in CHCs need guidance and information about gamete donation in order to be able to support parents in the disclosure of information to their children and also how to inform or withhold information to significant others in their surrounding milieu.
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