| 31. |
- Ejermo, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Liberalization of European migration and the immigration of skilled people to Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: IZA journal of development and migration. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2520-1786. ; 8:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Migration policies can have a strong impact on the selection of immigrants, who in turn can affect the host country’s innovation development. This paper examines the effects of the liberalization of migration on the skill composition of immigrants from the EU-15 to Sweden after the inception of the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1994. We examine its effect on immigrants’ education levels and probability of becoming an inventor, comparing immigrants from the EU-15 with those from other developed regions in difference-in-differences regressions. The results show that the liberalization of migration had a negative effect on the educational profile of new EU-15 immigrants in the short run, but there is no such effect in the long run. Moreover, the liberalization of migration has no systematic effect on the EU-15 immigrants’ probability of becoming an inventor in neither the short nor the long run. These patterns are consistent with the theoretical implication that reduction in migration costs associated with the EEA mainly stimulated migration from the lower end of the education distribution.
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| 32. |
- Ejermo, Olof
(författare)
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Lättillgängligt om tillväxt
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - 0345-2646. ; , s. 68-69
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Ejermo, Olof
(författare)
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Perspectives on regional and industrial dynamics of innovation
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis consists of five essays in the field of innovation economics, with an introductory chapter. The focus is mainly empirical with four of the five chapters consisting of studies of aspects of Swedish innovation activity. These empirical chapters are an endeavor to quantify aspects of the effects of the public-good property of knowledge. To this effect, innovation indicators were collected regarding industrial and firm research and development (R&D); regional indicators were collected using business and university R&D and records of patent applications and granted patents assigned to Swedish regions using the residential location of inventors.The first essay studies the productive effect (total factor productivity) of R&D on Swedish firms and the effect that R&D can be expected to have on other firms. The second essay analyzes, with corporate groups as the unit of observation, the effect of accessibility to R&D in universities, and in other groups’ R&D on the innovative capability of the individual group. The third essay tries to characterize the extent to which Swedish regions are specialized or diverse. This is summarized in a single variable which is used to test the effect on innovative activity as measured by the number of patent applications. The fourth essay, the theoretical study of the thesis, constructs a two-region model with two firms residing in each. The incentives for doing process R&D are worked out by agglomerating consumers in one of the regions, and by changing interregional accessibility. The sixth essay studies Swedish inventor networks and regional affinity based on networks.
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| 36. |
- Ejermo, Olof
(författare)
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Productivity spillovers of R&D in Sweden
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although Sweden is one of the most R&D-intensive OECD countries, the importance of R&D spillovers in the country has not been systematically analyzed. This paper employs a cross sectional dataset of 264 R&D performing Swedish firms in 1996-97. With this set, knowledge production functions are estimated, in which industry groups are treated as subsamples. In addition, 160,614 non-R&D performing firms are used to examine the effects of R&D spillovers also among non R&D performers.The estimations use three different weight methods for R&D that spills over from other industries: two input—output measures and a technology flow matrix in the spirit of Jaffe (1986). The results indicate that R&D performing firms gain in Total Factor Productivity from their own R&D. In two of the three weighing matrices spillovers from R&D result in higher Total Factor Productivity among R&D performers. Among non-R&D performers, the Total Factor Productivity effect of R&D spillovers is robustly positive and significant across specifications. Examination of the social returns to R&D from specific industries, one at a time, to other industries does not reveal substantial social effects beyond the effect on the own firm. It is reasoned that the most likely reason for the small size of R&D spillovers rests in the Swedish corporate structure, with most R&D being conducted by large multinationals.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Ejermo, Olof
(författare)
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Regional Innovation Measured by Patent Data-Does Quality Matter?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 16:2, s. 141-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper devises a new way of measuring the geographical scope of innovation based on patent data and compares its geographical distribution with that of patents granted and production. Indicators of patent quality are used to form an index of regional innovation, which is argued to be an improvement over patent counts, which are seen as indicators of inventions. Innovations are more concentrated than inventions, which in turn are more concentrated than production, gauged by employment levels. Innovations are, moreover, concentrated to regions with already high production and invention levels. This indicates that the concentration of innovation is understated, as raw, patent counts are used to proxy for innovation rather than quality patents. The results further point to the need for revaluing effect of R&D on local innovative activity.
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| 40. |
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