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| 2. |
- Ahlman, B., et al.
(författare)
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Short-term starvation alters the free amino acid content of human intestinal mucosa
- 1994
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Ingår i: Clinical Science. - : Portland Press. - 0143-5221 .- 1470-8736. ; 86:6, s. 653-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. The effects of short-term starvation and refeeding on the free amino acid concentrations of the intestinal mucosa were characterized in male subjects (n=6), using endoscopically obtained biopsy specimens from the duodenum and from all four segments of the colon.2. The alterations in the amino acid concentrations in response to short-term starvation were overall uniform in both duodenal and colonic mucosa as well as in plasma. Most amino acids decreased, whereas branched-chain amino acids increased.3. In the colon, glutamic acid and glutamine decreased during the starvation period, whereas they remained unaltered in the duodenum. This was the major difference in response to short-term starvation between the amino acid concentrations in the intestinal mucosa of the duodenum and colon.4. Refeeding for 3 days normalized the amino acid concentrations except for glutamic acid, asparagine and histidine, which remained low in the colon, and threonine, which showed an overshoot in both parts of the intestine. S. The changes in mucosal amino acid concentrations seen in response to starvation and refeeding were uniform in the four segments of the colon. This suggests that sampling from the rectum/sigmoid colon will give representative values for the free amino acid concentrations of the entire large intestine.
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| 3. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Chromosomal aberrations in a patient with severe psychopathology
- 1992
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Ingår i: British Journal of Psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0007-1250 .- 1472-1465. ; 161, s. 551-555
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The case of a female patient showing aggressive, compulsive, destructive behaviour, ritualistic faecal smearing, and hyperactivity is presented. The behaviour is long standing, therapy-resistant, and its aetiology is unknown, although it is seemingly associated with chromosomal abnormalities secondary to abnormal plasma factors.
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| 4. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for colocalization of glucocorticoid receptor with cytoplasmic microtubules in human gingival fibroblasts, using two different monoclonal anti-GR antibodies, confocal laser scanning microscopy and image analysis
- 1991
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Ingår i: Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-0760 .- 1879-1220. ; 39:4A, s. 419-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cellular distribution of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in relation to the microtubule protein tubulin was studied in human gingival fibroblasts, using two different anti-GR antibodies of different Ig-classes, by indirect immunofluorescence immunocytology. Further studies were performed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and digital image analysis. The study focused on fluorochrome separation, optical sectioning, digital subtraction techniques and reconstruction of projections obtained using stacks of recorded transversal sections. The data presented further strengthens the notion of a structural colocalization between GR and cytoplasmic microtubules in human fibroblasts.
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| 5. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for reversible, non-microtubule and non-microfilament-dependent nuclear translocation of hsp90 after heat shock in human fibroblasts
- 1992
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cell Biology. - 0171-9335 .- 1618-1298. ; 58:2, s. 356-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A monoclonal antibody (29A) directed against rat liver heat shock protein M(r) 90,000 (hsp90) was produced. By Western immunoblotting of cytosols prepared from several different tissues and species, 29A was shown to specifically recognize only one band with M(r) approximately 90,000. Localization of hsp90 in human gingival fibroblasts was studied using the 29A antibody by indirect mono- and double-staining immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The distribution was compared to that of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and various cytoskeletal structures. Cells were analyzed in interphase and mitosis under basal culture conditions, after heat shock and after microtubule and microfilament depolymerization, sometimes combined with heat shock. A major part of hsp90 immunoreactivity was diffusely distributed throughout the interphase cytoplasm, but a weak nuclear staining with non-stained nucleoli was also present, however, only detectable after methanol and not after formaldehyde/Triton X-100 fixation. Heat shock induced a time-dependent translocation of hsp90 from the cytoplasm to the cell nucleus reaching a plateau after 15 h. This compartment shift was reversible and also occurred in the absence of intact microtubules or intact microfilaments.
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| 6. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Immunocytochemical localization of glucocorticoid receptor in human gingival fibroblasts and evidence for a colocalization of glucocorticoid receptor with cytoplasmic microtubules
- 1990
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cell Biology. - 0171-9335 .- 1618-1298. ; 53:2, s. 390-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cellular distribution of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in relation to various intracellular and plasma membrane structures in human fibroblasts was studied using indirect immunofluorescence techniques with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. During interphase, GR was located predominantly in the cytoplasm, showing a similar pattern as tubulin. In mitotic cells, GR and tubulin were localized in mitotic spindles and in telophase midbodies. Colchicine and vinblastine induced a similar redistribution of GR and tubulin to the cell periphery. This redistribution was reversible for colchicine but not for vinblastine. Vinblastine also induced paracrystals containing GR and tubulin. These results support the hypothesis that GR interacts in vivo with cytoplasmic microtubules.
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| 7. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Morphometric studies of the localization of the glucocorticoid receptor in mammalian cells and of glucocorticoid hormone-induced effects
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-1554 .- 1551-5044. ; 42:5, s. 645-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the subcellular distribution of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) by light microscopy (LM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in different mammalian cell types. The effect of added glucocorticoid hormones on GR distribution was investigated by photometric quantitation on optical sections obtained by CLSM followed by statistical analysis. In the control interphase cytoplasm, the distribution of GR was fibrillar in some and diffuse in other cell types. Fibrillar GR was distributed along cytoplasmic microtubules (MTs) with predilection for a subset of MTs. GR was also observed in the centrosomes. Nuclear GR was both diffuse and granular in distribution. During cell division, GR appeared in the mitotic apparatus at all stages of mitosis. These findings were not fixation-dependent. Glucocorticoid treatment increased both the nuclear and cytoplasmic GR signal. However, this was detectable only after precipitating but not cross-linking fixation. There was both intra- and intercellular GR heterogeneity in the absence and presence of hormone but no indication of a hormone-induced nuclear translocation of GR. We present a hypothetical model of two independent GR populations in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively, without any discernible ligand-induced nuclear translocation of GR. The extranuclear GR population may exert effect(s) on site in the cytoplasm without involving nuclear genomic transcription.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Alibegovic, A., et al.
(författare)
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Pretreatment with glucose infusion prevents fatal outcome after hemorrhage in food deprived rats
- 1993
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Ingår i: Circulatory Shock. - Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0092-6213. ; 39:1, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty-four hour food deprivation increases mortality after experimental hemorrhage. Survival after hemorrhage is closely related to the capacity of the animal to develop hyperglycemia. In this study, 24 hr food deprived rats were given a 3-hr infusion of either 0.3 ml/100 g b.wt./h 30% glucose iv (n = 10) or the same volume of 0.9% NaCl (n = 10) prior to 60 min of standardized hemorrhage. Glucose infusion resulted in a transient hyperglycemia, and 600% greater hepatic glycogen content compared to saline (P < 0.001). During hemorrhage, glucose-treated rats developed substantial hyperglycemia while glucose levels fell in saline treated (P < 0.001). Concomitant developments in hematocrits indicated improved plasma refill in glucose treated animals (P < 0.01). While saline treated rats developed irreversible shock and died within 3 hr of bleeding, glucose treated rats had a MAP of 52 ± 2 (mean ± SEM) mm Hg by the end of hemorrhage (P < 0.01). All glucose-treated rats recovered and survived the seven-day observation period. It is concluded that glucose infusion leading to hepatic glycogen repletion alters outcome after experimental hemorrhage in food deprived animals. These experimental results may be of clinical relevance, since elective surgery is generally performed after overnight fasting, which substantially reduces the hepatic glycogen reserve.
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| 10. |
- Allasia, D, et al.
(författare)
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Inelastic J ψ production in deep inelastic scattering from hydrogen and deuterium and the gluon distribution of free nucleons
- 1991
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 258:3-4, s. 493-498
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present results on inelastic J/PSI-production from muon interactions with hydrogen and deuterium at an incident muon energy of 280 GeV. The measured cross section ratio per nucleon for muon-induced J/PSI-production in deuterium and hydrogen was found to be R(D2/H2) = 1.01 +/- 0.15. The colour singlet model is shown to provide a good description of the observed differential cross section apart from a normalisation factor. The comparison between the observed cross section and the colour singlet model prediction allows the extraction of the gluon structure function G(chi) of the nucleon. The momentum fraction-chi of the nucleon carried by the gluon is measured in the range of chi = [0.02, 0.30]. The normalised gluon distribution of free nucleons thus found can be parametrised as chi-G(chi) = 1/2 (eta + 1)(1 - chi)eta, with eta = 5.1 +/- 0.9 (stat).
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