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  • Result 277061-277070 of 552348
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277061.
  •  
277062.
  • Melin, Roger (author)
  • Animalism and Person as a Basic Sort
  • 2011
  • In: Argument: Biannual Philosophical Journal. - Krakow : IFiS. - 2084-1043. ; 1:1, s. 69-85
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • In this paper Animalism is analysed. It will be argued that Animalism is correct in claiming (i) that being of a certain sort of animal S is a fundamental individuative substance sortal concept (animal of the species Homo Sapiens), (ii) that this implies that Animalism is correct in claiming that persons such as us are, by necessity, human beings, (iii) that remaining the same animal is a necessary condition for our identity over time. Contrary to Animalism it will be argued that this does not imply that person should be understood as a phased sortal concept. It will be argued that Animalism rests upon a prior conception of person, and that this implies that person must be understood as a basic substance sortal concept through which we have to individuate ourselves and others. It is further argued that this, together with the insights of Animalism, implies that persons, by necessity, are beings of a biological nature.
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277063.
  • Melin, Roger (author)
  • Dopning och sanningsenlighet : ett försök att rättfärdiga dopningsförbudet inom idrotten
  • 2005
  • In: Idrottsforum.org. - Malmö : Malmö högskola. Idrottsvetenskap. - 1652-7224.
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • In this work, we look into the problem of justifying the ban on doping in sport, identifying doping as the improvement of a sportpersons’ sport results based upon risky and illegal methods. I make a distinction between external and internal accounts that justify the ban on doping. The external accounts justify the ban by claiming that it satisfies some desirable value that are external to sport or participation in sport. Internal accounts, on the other hand, justify the ban by claiming that it realizes values that are internal to sport or participation in sport. It is claimed that the traditional external accounts of justifying the ban in which it is claimed that doping leads to different form of harm, are not satisfactory since we cannot establish a significant ethical difference between harm caused by doping, and harm caused by participation in a sport. Contrary to these accounts, it is claimed that justifying the ban on doping in sport should be based upon reasons internal to sport. According to this account, (i) sport is best understood as a practice, that is, a socially autonomous activity, with specific rules, standards and moral virtues, (ii) athletic using doping is a misunderstanding of the sportperson concerning what it means to be participation aims at acquisition, and development of sport-specific skills, abilities and virtues, and that participating in the sport practice, (iv) that doping is morally dubious since sportpersons’ have utilitarian reasons to acquire the general virtue truthfulness and act in accordance with a self-understanding of themselves as being representatives of the sport practice they are participants in.
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277064.
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277065.
  • Melin, Roger, 1965- (author)
  • Instrumentalization of the body in sports
  • 2013
  • In: Idrottsforum.org/Nordic sport science forum. - : Malmö högskola. - 1652-7224. ; nov 18
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The aim of this paper is to articulate an implicit conceptualization of the body of sport persons that exists besides the official holistic and health-based understanding of mind and body. Sport, besides being a guardian of positive values, also is also associated with an instrumentalization of the body consisting of a cluster of mutually interdependent conceptualizations of the body: Firstly, an optimization where athletes’ are focusing upon optimizing their bodies to perform sport performances. Secondly, an idea of perfectedness in that this optimization rests upon the idea of being as perfect as possible for doing specific sport related tasks. Thirdly, modifiability in that body in sport is understood as a “raw material” that can and ought to be “cultivated” for satisfying this perfectedness ideal in sport. Fourthly, control in that there is a need of constant surveillance of sportspersons’ bodies. Fifthly, a strict division between body and mind, where sportpersons are rational subjects who should use their mechanic bodies in trying to reach their aims. This implicit understanding of body is problematic in that (i) it, to some extent, resembles attitudes involved in anorexia nervousa, and that these attitudes, if not consciously discussed, are negative for the sport community itself as well as for the society at large. Furthermore, it might be that sports community, due to the idea of instrumentalization of body in sport, is strengthening negative attitudes towards people who do not live up to the ideal healthy body, for instance persons with obesity and overweight.
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277066.
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277067.
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277068.
  • Melin, Roland (author)
  • On life satisfaction and vocational rehabilitation outcome in Sweden
  • 2003
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • This dissertation has two parts. Firstly, satisfaction with life as a whole and with 10 life domains (using an instrument termed LiSat-11 with 6-graded scales) is described in a nationally representative sample aged 18-64 years (n: 2,533) and is related to some socio-demographic circumstances. Secondly, vocationally disabled people (n: 109) at an employability institute are prospectively followed in order to determine their life satisfaction and to identify early predictors of vocational rehabilitation outcome.Main results: Gender independently, 70 % of the national sample were satisfied with life as a whole (were happy). The ten domains formed a 4-factor pattern: ”Closeness, Health, Spare time, Provision”. Seven domains were sizeable predictors of overall life satisfaction. In a complex manner socio-demographics were predictive of (gross levels) all LiSat-11 items. Main predictors were perceived health, immigrant status and educational level. Generally, the vocational rehabilitees had low LiSat-11 levels except for the closeness items. They had relatively poor background resources (low “sense of coherence“ level) for successful coping. Whereas a positive rehabilitation outcome was accompanied by increases in several LiSat-11 aspects, only satisfaction with the vocational situation was clearly responsive. Three early predictors of outcome were identified: belief in vocational return, educational level and sense of coherence. In summary: Besides providing reference values for the LiSat-11 instrument, this dissertation demonstrates that different socio-demographic factors influence different areas of concern (domains) in 18- to 64-year-old Swedes. In turn, satisfaction derived from different areas heavily influences level of overall life satisfaction. Moreover, the vocational rehabilitees generally seemed to be predisposed to being poor copers, possibly a major background of low levels of many LiSat-11 aspects. The identified set of predictors of the outcome of vocational rehabilitation emphasizes a need for focusing on psycho-social aspects within vocational rehabilitation.
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277069.
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277070.
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  • Result 277061-277070 of 552348
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Linderson, Hans (1702)
Lundälv, Jörgen, 196 ... (1176)
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KLARESKOG, L (466)
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Olsson, T (400)
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Fant, Eric Michael, ... (338)
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Karlsson, Per Erik (306)
Piehl, F (298)
Ringden, O (298)
Askling, J (284)
Johansson, Börje (283)
Caldenby, Claes, 194 ... (282)
Åström, Karl Johan (273)
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Winblad, B (259)
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Tapper, Michael (256)
Lichtenstein, P. (255)
Johansson, B (251)
Hellsten, Sofie (251)
Weibull, Lennart, 19 ... (251)
Nilsson, Peter (247)
Larsson, Göran, 1970 (247)
Sorgenfrei, Simon (246)
Lindholm, B (245)
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Moons, Philip, 1968 (239)
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VTI - The Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (8127)
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Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management (521)
Nationalmuseum (518)
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