| 1. |
- Gummesson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for undergraduate medical education : development and exploration of social validity
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6920. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The development of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) as a framework for work-based training and assessment in undergraduate medical education has become popular. EPAs are defined as units of a professional activity requiring adequate knowledge, skills, and attitudes, with a recognized output of professional labor, independently executable within a time frame, observable and measurable in its process and outcome, and reflecting one or more competencies. Before a new framework is implemented in a specific context, it is valuable to explore social validity, that is, the acceptability by relevant stakeholders.Aim: The aim of our work was to define Core EPAs for undergraduate medical education and further explore the social validity of the constructs.Method and material: In a nationwide collaboration, EPAs were developed using a modified Delphi procedure and validated according to EQual by a group consisting of teachers nominated from each of the seven Swedish medical schools, two student representatives, and an educational developer (n = 16). In the next step, social validity was explored in a nationwide survey. The survey introduced the suggested EPAs. For each EPA, the importance of the EPA was rated, as was the rater’s perception of the present graduates’ required level of supervision when performing the activity. Free-text comments were also included and analyzed.Results: Ten Core EPAs were defined and validated. The validation scores for EQual ranged from 4.1 to 4.9. The nationwide survey had 473 responders. All activities were rated as “important” by most responders, ranging from 54 to 96%. When asked how independent current graduates were in performing the ten activities, 6 to 35% reported “independent”. The three themes of the free text comments were: ‘relevant target areas and content’; ‘definition of the activities’; and ‘clinical practice and learning’.Conclusion: Ten Core EPAs were defined and assessed as relevant for Swedish undergraduate medical education. There was a consistent gap between the perceived importance and the certainty that the students could perform these professional activities independently at the time of graduation. These results indicate that the ten EPAs may have a role in undergraduate education by creating clarity for all stakeholders.
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| 2. |
- Svedberg, Petra, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric evaluation of “The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test” in a Swedish context
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Malden, USA : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 26:1, s. 203-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The patients’ sexual life after a myocardial infarction is important for his/her quality of life. In spite of this, many patients are in doubt regarding their sex life after a myocardial infarction (MI) and the sexual information received, and counselling from health care providers has been seen to be insufficient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of ‘The 25-item Sex after MI Knowledge Test’ in a Swedish context. A convenience sample was recruited. The scale was translated into Swedish and completed by 79 former patients from The Heart and Lung Patients’ National Association on two occasions, with an interval of 2 weeks. The scale was tested for face and content validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The result in this study indicates that the instrument has good face and content validity and displayed a moderate internal consistency (alpha 0.61). The instrument showed some level of instability in test–retest reliability with 60% of the items presenting moderate or strong agreement between the test and retest. Further studies that use this instrument in larger and more diverse samples are thus needed.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, Ulrica G., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Sex knowledge in males and females recovering from a myocardial infarction : a brief communication
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Nursing Research. - Thousand Oaks, USA : Sage Publications. - 1054-7738 .- 1552-3799. ; 21:4, s. 486-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article was to explore sexual knowledge in persons who had suffered from myocardial infarction (MI). Seventy-six Swedish persons completed the "Sex after MI Knowledge Test" questionnaire. Overall, 53% of the men and 45% of the women scored maximum in the test. In a comparison between sexes, the men scored significantly more often a correct answer compared to the women for two out of the 25 items. The levels of correct answers were less then 50% for 14 out of the 25 items in both sexes. In conclusion we found that people who had suffered MI had poor levels of knowledge about sex and that there were some differences concerning lesser knowledge among the females in comparison to males. In regard to application, using a validated instrument facilitates an interactive communication between the patient and health care professionals, and opens up for a tailored education in line with the patient's and his or her partner's needs.
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| 4. |
- Möllerberg, Marie-Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Managing an altered social context—Patients experiences of staying away from home while undergoing proton beam therapy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 2054-1058. ; 7:4, s. 1157-1163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To illuminate the experience of an altered social context for patients with primary brain tumours living away from home while undergoing proton beam therapy. Design: A descriptive, qualitative cross-sectional interview study. Methods: Nineteen patients were interviewed between December 2015–August 2016, either during (N = 7) or before and after (N = 12) their proton beam therapy. A hermeneutical analysis was performed. Results: Participants made adjustments to achieve control and well-being during the treatment period. The analysis also revealed two interrelated patterns that helped participants adjust: being part of the family from a distance and seeking affinity. Conclusion: It is important that patients receiving treatment far from home find a way to remain a part of their family and find affinity in the altered social context. Health professionals can prepare patients for the treatment period and can implement interventions to promote well-being for both patients and their relatives. © 2020 The Authors.
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| 5. |
- Bagger, Anette, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Directions of intentionalities in special needs education in mathematics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Educational Studies in Mathematics. - : Springer. - 0013-1954 .- 1573-0816. ; 104, s. 41-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article builds upon a systematic review of 53 articles in international research journals and makes three main contributions. First, it develops a method for identifying motives, values, and assumptions in research by analysing segments of text in journal articles. Second, it represents a reflective account of research within the field of mathematics education. Third, it captures the ongoing directions of intentionalities inherent in the diverse field of special education mathematics and, thereby, some of the characteristics of the core issues in this field. Three directions of intentionalities were identified: towards teachers and teaching competence, towards enhanced mathematical achievement, and towards every student's learning. The results indicate that each direction has specific limitations and potentials. In order to improve special education mathematics, we recommend that researchers and practitioners remain broadly informed and involved in all three directions of intentionalities.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Svedberg, Petra, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric evaluation of a Swedish version of Krantz Health Opinion
- 2012
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing, Article ID:23138. - Irvine, CA : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2162-5344 .- 2162-5336. ; 2:3, s. 4-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of The Krantz Health Opinion Survey (KHOS). A convenience sample of 79 persons (47 men and 32 women) was recruited from The Heart and Lung Patients’ National Association at ten local meeting places in different areas in Sweden. The questionnaire was examined for face and content validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The findings showed that the Swedish version of KHOS is acceptable in terms of face and content validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability over time among 79 individuals >65 years of age and with a cardiac disease. In conclusion, wider evaluations of the psychometric use of KHOS for other populations and settings are recommended.
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| 8. |
- Samuelsson, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of pharmacological treatment for urinary incontinence in the elderly and frail elderly: A systematic review
- 2015
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Ingår i: Geriatrics & Gerontology International. - : Wiley. - 1444-1586 .- 1447-0594. ; 15:5, s. 521-534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The prevalence and severity of urinary incontinence (UI) increase with age and comorbidity. The benefits of pharmacotherapy for UI in the elderly are questionable. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the efficacy of pharmacological treatment for UI in the elderly and frail elderly. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library and Cinahl databases through October 2013 to identify prospective controlled trials that evaluated pharmacological treatment for UI in persons aged >= 65 years. Elderly persons living in nursing homes were regarded as frail elderly. Outcomes were urinary leakage, quality of life and adverse events. Results: We screened 1038 abstracts and assessed 309 full-text articles. We identified 13 trials of high or moderate quality; 11 evaluated anticholinergic drugs and two evaluated duloxetine. Oxybutynin, the only drug studied in the frail elderly population, had no effect on urinary leakage or quality of life in elderly with urgency UI (UUI). Seven trials evaluated the effects of darifenacin, fesoterodine, solifenacin, tolterodine or trospium. Urinary leakage decreased (standard mean difference: -0.24, 95% confidence interval -0.32-0.15), corresponding to a reduction of half a leakage per 24 h. Common side-effects of treatment were dry mouth and constipation. Data were insufficient for evaluation of the effect on quality of life or cognition. The evidence was insufficient to evaluate the effects of duloxetine. No eligible studies on mirabegron and estrogen were found. Conclusions: Anticholinergics have a small, but significant, effect on urinary leakage in older adults with UUI. Treatment with drugs for UUI in the frail elderly is not evidence based.
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| 9. |
- Tistad, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Resource use of healthcare services 1 year after stroke : a secondary analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial of a client-centred activities of daily living intervention
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 8:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare the total use of healthcare services in the course of the first year after a stroke between participants who, after the acute care, had received occupational therapy as a client-centred activities of daily living (ADL) intervention (CADL) and participants who had received usual ADL intervention (UADL).DESIGN: A secondary analysis of a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial (RCT).SETTING: Primary and secondary care in Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: Participants were included if they: (1) had received CADL or UADL in the RCT, either as inpatients in geriatric rehabilitation units or in their own homes, and (2) data could be retrieved about their use of healthcare services provided by the county council from computerised registers.INTERVENTIONS: CADL or UADL.OUTCOME MEASURES: Inpatient and outpatient healthcare in the course of the first year after stroke.RESULTS: Participants from 7 of the 16 units included in the RCT met the criteria. Participants in the CADL group (n=26) who received geriatric inpatient rehabilitation had a shorter length of hospital stay (p=0.03) than participants in the UADL group (n=46), and the CADL group with home rehabilitation (n=13) had fewer outpatient contacts (p=0.01) compared with the UADL group (n=25). Multiple regression analyses showed that in four of the models, a higher age was associated with a lower use of healthcare services. The use of healthcare services was also associated (some of the models) with dependence in ADL, stroke severity and type of rehabilitation received, CADL or UADL.CONCLUSIONS: The provision of client-centred occupational therapy after stroke did not appear to increase the use of healthcare services during the first year after stroke.rrrrr TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01417585.
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| 10. |
- Möllerberg, Marie-Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of skin reactions during proton beam radiotherapy – Patient-reported versus clinician-reported
- 2021
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Ingår i: Technical Innovations and Patient Support in Radiation Oncology. - : Elsevier Ireland Ltd. - 2405-6324. ; 19, s. 11-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Skin reaction is a common side-effect of radiotherapy and often only assessed as clinician-reported outcome (CRO). The aim was to examine and compare patient-reported outcome (PRO) of skin reactions with CRO for signs of acute skin reactions for patients with primary brain tumour receiving proton beam radiotherapy (PBT). A further aim was to explore patients’ experiences of the skin reactions. Methods: Acute skin reactions were assessed one week after start of treatment, mid-treatment and end of treatment among 253 patients with primary brain tumour who underwent PBT. PRO skin reactions were assessed with the RSAS and CRO according to the RTOG scale. Fleiss’ kappa was performed to measure the inter-rater agreement of the assessments of skin reactions. Results: The results showed a discrepancy between PRO and CRO acute skin reactions. Radiation dose was associated with increased skin reactions, but no correlations were seen for age, gender, education, occupation, other treatment or smoking. There was a poor agreement between patients and clinicians (κ = −0.016) one week after the start of PBT, poor (κ = −0.045) to (κ = 0.396) moderate agreement at mid treatment and poor (κ = −0.010) to (κ = 0.296) moderate agreement at end of treatment. Generally, patients’ symptom distress toward skin reactions was low at all time points. Conclusion: The poor agreement between PRO and CRO shows that the patient needs to be involved in assessments of skin reactions for a more complete understanding of skin reactions due to PBT. This may also improve patient experience regarding involvement in their own care. © 2021 The Author(s)
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