| 11. |
- Borg, Christel, et al.
(författare)
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Life satisfaction among informal caregivers in comparison with non-caregivers
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 20, s. 427-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being a caregiver with responsibility for someone with reduced health compared with not being a caregiver maymean different views of life satisfaction. Knowledge of what leads to reduced life satisfaction in caregivers may be helpful in interventions. Informal caregivers gainfully employed or not, aged 50–89 years, were studied with regard to life satisfaction depending on the extent of caregiving to identify types of social support of value for caregivers. A cross-sectional study was conducted including a sample of 151 informal caregivers with a high caregiving extent, 392 caregivers with a lower caregiving extent and 1258 non-caregivers. The sample was randomly selected to correspond with older Swedes as a whole aged 50–89 years. A questionnaire containing a modified form of Older Americans’ Resources Schedule (OARS) and Life Satisfaction Index Z (LSIZ) was used; 19.6% helped someone with activities of daily living and of these 27% stated that they did so frequently. Frequent caregivingimplied significantly higher age, being more often married and retired, than less frequent caregivers and non-caregivers. Frequent caregivers also performed personal activities of daily living (PADL) to a higher extent than less frequent caregivers and had significantly lower LSIZ (mean 14.8) than less frequent caregivers (mean 17.6) and noncaregivers (mean 17.7). No significant differences were found between less frequent caregivers and non-caregivers in LSIZ. One-fourth had support from others, the commonesttype being able to converse with a next of kin, and help and advice from professionals. Lower life satisfaction was associated with not being employed, low social resources, not refreshed after a night’s sleep, overall poor health and frequent caregiving in the entire sample. High caregiving extent was associated with lower life satisfaction. The most important factors explaining lower life satisfaction among frequent caregivers were having low social resources and having poor health. Economic compensation or payment was the support most desired.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Strömbom, Lisa
(författare)
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Memory and Agency in Intractable Conflicts : Revisited Pasts
- 2017
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This article sketches an analytical framework connecting the literature on conflict transformation with understandings of the role of history and agency in conflicted societies. By focusing on the dissemination of different historical narratives, emphasis falls on endogenous processes and the interaction between inside actors to conflicts. This study moves beyond the many conflict studies with common emphasis on third party actions and their relations to elites in intractable conflicts. As history and its links to identity have been underdeveloped fields of inquiry in conflict theory, this contribution fills a substantial research gap. Moreover, the study advances understandings of agency and its connections to history and conflict. Initially, a theoretical framework is developed, aiming to increase the understanding of interrelations between historical understandings and identity change within intractable conflicts. Based on the theoretical suggestions, a case study of the Israeli debates about New History is presented. The conclusions emphasize the importance of societal criticism within conflicted societies, and the crucial role of agency in that process. This can be embodied in the work of memory agents who during certain times have the ability to challenge master narratives of identity and hence might have influence of the trajectory of conflict.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, 1977
(författare)
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Journalists´ perceptions of audience studies
- 2008
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Ingår i: ECREA´s 2nd ECC Barcelona 2008 Conference, Spain, 25-28 November. - 9788449025693
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Until the mid-1990s, audience studies were mainly considered as a matter of the marketing departments in Swedish media. However, a changing media mar-ket has forced managing editors and their co-workers to reconsider this matter. Facing a decreasing number of readers, listeners and viewers - a consequence of growing media markets and increasing competition for the media audience – many Swedish news media have found it nessesary to incorporate audience studies as a strategical tool for the editorial departments, in order to keep up with the competition. But how do professional journalists´ perceive the in-creased focus on audience studies? The purpose of this paper is to study Swedish journalists´ perceptions in this matter. Two questions will be answered: 1) What are professional journalists´ perceptions of audience studies? 2) Do the perceptions differ depending on the journalists´ gender and age? The results point to a pending perception of audience studies among profes-sional journalists. These studies might bring some advantages to the editorial staff, but is also perceived as resource demanding. Young females express a more positive attitude to audience studies, whereas older, male journalists ap-pear more critical. The paper discusses the perception of audience studies to be a matter of role perceptions and experience. The study is based on a national survey of professional journalists in Swe-den, carried out by the Department of Journalism and Communication (JMG), University of Gothenburg, in 2005. The analysis includes 750 journalists work-ing at daily newspapers, broadcasting media and periodicals.
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| 16. |
- Lindgren, Erik, 1980
(författare)
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Detection, 3-D positioning, and sizing of small pore defects using digital radiography and tracking
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eurasip Journal on Advances in Signal Processing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1687-6180 .- 1687-6172. ; 2014:1, s. 9-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents an algorithm that handles the detection, positioning, and sizing of submillimeter-sized pores in welds using radiographic inspection and tracking. The possibility to detect, position, and size pores which have a low contrast-to-noise ratio increases the value of the nondestructive evaluation of welds by facilitating fatigue life predictions with lower uncertainty. In this article, a multiple hypothesis tracker with an extended Kalman filter is used to track an unknown number of pore indications in a sequence of radiographs as an object is rotated. Each pore is not required to be detected in all radiographs. In addition, in the tracking step, three-dimensional (3-D) positions of pore defects are calculated. To optimize, set up, and pre-evaluate the algorithm, the article explores a design of experimental approach in combination with synthetic radiographs of titanium laser welds containing pore defects. The pre-evaluation on synthetic radiographs at industrially reasonable contrast-to-noise ratios indicate less than 1% false detection rates at high detection rates and less than 0.1 mm of positioning errors for more than 90% of the pores. A comparison between experimental results of the presented algorithm and a computerized tomography reference measurement shows qualitatively good agreement in the 3-D positions of approximately 0.1-mm diameter pores in 5-mm-thick Ti-6242.
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| 17. |
- Adamson, Göran, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Function Block Approach for Adaptive Robotic Control in Virtual and Real Environments
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th Mechatronics Forum International Conference, Mechatronics 2014. - Karlstad : Karlstads universitet. - 9789170635649 ; , s. 473-479
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many manufacturing companies are facing an increasing amount of changes and uncertainty, caused by both internal and external factors. Frequently changing customer and market demands lead to variations in manufacturing quantities, product design and shorter product life-cycles, and variations in manufacturing capability and functionality contribute to a high level of uncertainty. The result is unpredictable manufacturing system performance, with an increased number of unforeseen events occurring in these systems. Such events are difficult for traditional planning and control systems to satisfactorily manage. For scenarios like these, with a dynamically changing manufacturing environment, adaptive decision making is crucial for successfully performing manufacturing operations. Relying on real-time information of manufacturing processes and operations, and their enabling resources, adaptive decision making can be realized with a control approach combining IEC 61499 event-driven Function Blocks (FBs) with manufacturing features. These FBs are small decision-making modules with embedded algorithms designed to generate the desired equipment control code. When dynamically triggered by event inputs, parameter values in their data inputs are forwarded to the appropriate algorithms, which generate new events and data output as control instructions. The data inputs also include monitored real-time information which allows the dynamic creation of equipment control code adapted to the actual run-time conditions on the shop-floor. Manufacturing features build on the concept that a manufacturing task can be broken down into a sequence of minor basic operations, in this research assembly features (AFs). These features define atomic assembly operations, and by combining and implementing these in the event-driven FB embedded algorithms, automatic code generation is possible. A test case with a virtual robot assembly cell is presented, demonstrating the functionality of the proposed control approach.
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