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Sökning: swepub > Umeå universitet > Riboli Elio > Chirlaque Maria Dolores

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  • Samnegård, Ulrika, 1985-, et al. (författare)
  • A heterogeneous landscape does not guarantee high crop pollination
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The expansion of pollinator-dependent crops, especially in the developing world, together with reports of world-wide pollinator declines, raises concern of possible yield gaps. Farmers directly reliant on pollination services for food supply often live in regions where our knowledge of pollination services is poor. In a manipulative experiment replicated at 23 sites across an Ethiopian agricultural landscape, we found poor pollination services and severe pollen limitation in a common oil crop. With supplementary pollination, the yield increased on average by 91%. Despite the heterogeneous agricultural matrix, we found a low bee abundance, which may explain poor pollination services. The variation in pollen limitation was unrelated to surrounding forest cover, local bee richness and bee abundance. While practices that commonly increase pollinators (e.g. organic farming, flower strips) are an integral part of the landscape, these elements are apparently insufficient. Management to increase pollination services is therefore in need of urgent investigation.
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  • Emanuelsson, Rosmari (författare)
  • Hälsa och säkerhet inom landsbygdsturism
  • 2009
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Sammanfattning Följande undersökning har för avsikt att kartlägga hälso- och säkerhetsfrågor för turister som besöker lantbruk. En webbaserad enkät skickades till samtliga medlemmar i föreningen Bo på Lantgård som har e-postadress (323) för att kartlägga verksamheten. Svarsfrekvensen uppgick till 57 procent. Resultatet av studien visar att olycksrisken för människor som besöker gårdarna är betydande. Flera incidenter rapporteras som skulle kunna ha lett till dödsfall eller svåra skador. Många gårdar är väl medvetna om den olycksdrabbade miljö de lever i och arbetar även aktivt med säkerhet, både för sig själva, familjen och för gäster. Dock saknar cirka hälften av gårdarna skriftlig information om säkerhet och regler. Sammanfattningsvis visar undersökningen att lantbruk är en högriskmiljö även för besökare. Arbetet med säkerhetsfrågor måste fortgå på bred front för att reducera risken för skador och dödsfall. Summary The purpose of the study was to establish the state of health and safety issues in regard to tourists visiting farms. A web-based survey was sent to all of the 323 members of the Swedish association Bed & Breakfast (Bo på Lantgård). The reply frequency was 57 percent. The results of the study show that the risk of accident is significant for tourists visiting farms. Several incidents were reported that could have lead to death or serous injury. Many farms are well aware of the precarious environment they live and work in, and are actively working with safety issues for them selves, family and guests. However, half of the farms lack written safety information and rules. To sum up the study shows that farms are a high risk environment even for visitors and that more should be done to reduce the risk of injury or death to visitors
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5.
  • Aleksandrov, I.A., et al. (författare)
  • Linearly polarized photoluminescence from an ensemble of wurtzite GaN/AlN quantum dots
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: JETP Letters. - : Springer Science Business Media. - 0021-3640 .- 1090-6487. ; 91:9, s. 452-454
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Microphotoluminescence from GaN/AlN quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates along the (0001) axis has been studied. To produce quantum dots of different average sizes and densities, the nominal amount of deposited GaN has been varied from 1 to 4 ML. The density of the quantum dots was about 10(11) cm(-2), which corresponded to about 10(3) quantum dots excited in the experiments. The photo-luminescence from the quantum dots was linearly polarized and the maximum polarization degree (15%) has been observed for the sample with the lowest amount of deposited GaN. The photoluminescence intensity from this sample under continuous laser excitation decreased by more than two orders of magnitude for about 30 min and then stabilized. The photoluminescence intensity from other samples under continuous excitation remained constant. We suggest that a rather high polarization degree is caused by anisotropy in the strain and shape of the quantum dots formed near the dislocations, which also act as the centers of nonradiative recombination.
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  • Beser Hugosson, Muriel, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of the Swedish car fleet model using recent applications
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Transport Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 49, s. 30-40
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The composition of the car fleet with respect to age, fuel consumption and fuel types plays an important role on environmental effects, oil dependency and energy consumption. In Sweden, a number of different policies have been implemented to support CO2 emission reductions. In order to evaluate effects of different policies, a model for the evolution of the Swedish car fleet was developed in 2006. The model has been used in a number of projects since then, and it is now possible to compare forecasts with actual outcomes. Such evidence is relatively rare, and we think it may be useful to share our experience in this respect.We give a brief overview of the Swedish car fleet model system. Then we describe policies that have been implemented in recent years and the evolution of the Swedish car fleet. We then focus on two projects which enable comparison with actual outcomes, and analyse the differences between forecasts and outcomes. We find that the model has weaknesses in catching car buyers' preferences of new technology. When this is not challenged too much, the model can forecast reasonably well on an aggregate level. We also find that the model is quite sensitive to assumptions on future supply. This is not so much related to the model, but to its use. Depending on the use of the forecasts - be it car sales, emissions or fuel demand - it may be necessary to use different supply scenarios to get an idea of the robustness of the forecast result.
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8.
  • Cirasuolo, M., et al. (författare)
  • MOONS: the Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph for the VLT
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy V. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 9147, s. 91470-91470
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • MOONS (the Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph) has been selected by ESO as a third-generation instrument for the Very Large Telescope (VLT). The light grasp of the large collecting area offered by the VLT (8.2m diameter), combined with the large multiplex and wavelength coverage (optical to near-IR: 0.8 -1.8 mu m) of MOONS will provide the European astronomical community with a powerful, unique instrument able to pioneer a wide range of Galactic, extragalactic and cosmological studies, and it will provide crucial follow-up for major facilities such as Gaia, VISTA, Euclid and LSST. MOONS has the observational power needed to unveil galaxy formation and evolution over the entire history of the Universe, from stars in our Milky Way, through the redshift desert, and up to the epoch of very first galaxies and reionization of the Universe at redshifts of z > 8-9, just a few million years after the Big Bang. From five years of observations MOONS will provide high-quality spectra for > 3M stars in our Galaxy and the Local Group, and for 1-2M galaxies at z > 1 (for an SDSS-like survey), promising to revolutionize our understanding of the Universe. The baseline design consists of similar to 1000 fibres, deployable over a field-of-view of similar to 500 arcmin(2), the largest patrol field offered by the Nasmyth focus at the VLT. The total wavelength coverage is 0.8 -1.8 mu m with two spectral resolving powers: in the medium-resolution mode (R similar to 4,000-6,000) the entire wavelength range is observed simultaneously, while the high-resolution mode will cover three selected sub-regions simultaneously: one region with R similar to 8,000 near the Ca II triplet to measure stellar radial velocities, and two regions at R similar to 20,000 (one in each of the J- and H-bands), for precision measurements of chemical abundances.
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9.
  • Dam, J. S, et al. (författare)
  • Fiber-optic probe for noninvasive real-time determination of tissue optical properties at multiple wavelengths
  • 2001
  • Ingår i: Applied Optics. - 2155-3165. ; 40:7, s. 1155-1164
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present a compact, fast, and versatile fiber-optic probe system for real-time determination of tissue optical properties from spatially resolved continuous-wave diffuse reflectance measurements. The system collects one set of reflectance data from six source-detector distances at four arbitrary wavelengths with a maximum overall sampling rate of 100 Hz. Multivariate calibration techniques based on two-dimensional polynomial fitting are employed to extract and display the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients in real-time mode. The four wavelengths of the current configuration are 660, 785, 805, and 974 nm, respectively. Cross-validation tests on a 6 x 7 calibration matrix of Intralipid-dye phantoms showed that the mean prediction error at, e.g., 785 nm was 2.8% for the absorption coefficient and 1.3% for the reduced scattering coefficient. The errors are relative to the range of the optical properties of the phantoms at 785 nm, which were 0-0.3/cm for the absorption coefficient and 6-16/cm for the reduced scattering coefficient. Finally, we also present and discuss results from preliminary skin tissue measurements. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America
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10.
  • Diarberkali, Elias, et al. (författare)
  • Adolescents with and without idiopathic scoliosis have similar self-reported level of physical activity : a cross-sectional study
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders. - : BioMed Central. - 2397-1789. ; 11:17, s. 1-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND:Little is known about physical activity levels in individuals with idiopathic scoliosis. The aim of this study was to describe the level of physical activity in adolescents with and without idiopathic scoliosis.METHODS:Two hundred thirty-nine adolescents, median (25th, 75th percentile) age 16.0 (14.4, 17.6) with idiopathic scoliosis and 58 randomly recruited population-based individuals without scoliosis aged 14.6 (12.8, 16.3) participated. The 239 idiopathic scoliosis patients consisted of 88 untreated, 43 previously braced, 36 with ongoing brace-treatment and 72 surgically treated individuals. Main outcome measure was the proportion achieving at least moderate activity level, as estimated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF). Other outcome measures were Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) minutes/week, time spent sitting, spare time activity level and sporting activities. Statistical analyses were adjusted for age and sex.RESULTS:The proportion of individuals with scoliosis with moderate activity level was 180 out of 239 (75 %) and for individuals without scoliosis 49 out of 58 (85 %) (p = 0.14). Median MET-minutes/week (25th,75th percentile) was for individuals with scoliosis scoliosis 1977 (840,3777) and for individuals without scoliosis 2120 (887,4598) (p = 0.11). Sporting activities did not differ (p = 0.28). The ongoing brace-treatment group had a significantly higher proportion of individuals categorizing themselves at high spare time activity level compared to the surgically treated and previously braced individuals (p = 0.046). No difference was seen between the treatment groups regarding the proportion achieving moderate activity (p = 0.11) and sporting activities (p = 0.20). Median MET minutes/week was 2160 (794,3797) for the untreated group, 989 (661,2706) for the previously braced group, 2055 (1010, 4026) for the surgery group and 2106 (990,4480) for the ongoing brace-treatment group (p = 0.031).CONCLUSION:Adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis show similar levels of self-reported physical activity as individuals without idiopathic scoliosis. Bracing and surgery do not appear to inhibit physical activity.
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