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21.
  • Björsell, Niclas, et al. (författare)
  • Dynamic behavior models of analog to digital converters aimed for post-correction in wideband applications
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: 18th IMEKO World Congress 2006: Metrology for a Sustainable Development. - 9781622766468 ; , s. 1344-1348, s. 5-
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper a dynamic behavior model of analog to digital converters is proposed. The model is aimed for post correction in wideband applications. The suggested post correction method is a combination of look up tables and model based correction.The model consists of three components. The first is a component represented by a Hammerstein model; that is a static nonlinearity followed by a time invariant linear filter. The second component is a nonparametric model caused by significant deviation from the characterized integral nonlinearity and the output from the Hammerstein model. The third component contains of the remaining deviation and is considered as a random model error.Results from simulations verify that the examined ADC can be described by an ordinary Hammerstein model and a static look-up table.
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22.
  • Björsell, Niclas, et al. (författare)
  • High dynamic range test-bed for characterization of analog-to-digital converters up to 500 MSPS
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: 14th Symposium on New Technologies in Measurement and Instrumentation and 10th Workshop on ADC Modelling and Testing. - : IMEKO-International Measurement Federation Secretariat. - 9788389786371 ; , s. 601-604, s. 601-604
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A measurement set-up of for the characterization of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is described. The measurement set-up characterizes ADCs up to 16 bits at 350 MHz (option for >500 MHz). Testing dynamic performance of high-speed ADCs is regarded as difficult and expensive. By using existing state-of-the-art instruments in combination with specially designed amplifiers and filters, a high performance, cost efficient test-bed has been built-up. Practical performance corresponds to ADC datasheet and exceeds the performance obtained if using commercial instruments only. Consequently, the measurement results represent the true performance of the ADC without impact from the test-bed
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23.
  • Björsell, Niclas, et al. (författare)
  • Histogram Tests for Wideband Applications
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. - 0018-9456 .- 1557-9662. ; 57:1, s. 70-75
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Characterization and testing of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are important for many reasons. A histogram test is a common method to characterize the linearity features of an ADC. Two commonly used stimulus signals are sine waves and Gaussian noise. This paper presents a metrological comparison between Gaussian and sine-wave histogram tests for wide-band applications, that is, we evaluate the performance of the characterization of the ADC and the usability of postcorrection. A postcorrection procedure involves the characterization of the ADC nonlinearity and then the use of this information by processing the ADC output samples to remove the distortion. The results show that the Gaussian histogram test gives reasonable accuracy in measuring nonlinearities. However, it does not result in a suitable model for postcorrection in wideband applications. A single-tone sine-wave histogram will be a better basis for postcorrection. The best result can be obtained if the lookup table is trained with several single-tone sine waves in the frequency band.
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24.
  • Björsell, Niclas, 1964-, et al. (författare)
  • Improved estimate of parametric models for analogue to digital converters by using weighted integral nonlinearity data
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: 17th Symposium IMEKO TC4 - Measurement of Electrical Quantities, 15th International Workshop on ADC Modelling and Testing, and 3rd Symposium IMEKO TC19 - Environmental Measurements. - 9781617823381 ; , s. 597-600, s. 597-600
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Error modelling has played a major role in generating post-corrections of analogue to digital converters (ADC). Benefits by using parametric models for post-correction are that they requires less memory and that they are easier to identify for arbitrary signals. However, the parameters are estimated in two steps; firstly, the integral nonlinearity (INL) is estimated and secondly, the model parameters. In this paper we propose a method to improve the performance in the second step, by utilizing information about the statistical properties of the first step.
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25.
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26.
  • Björsell, Niclas, et al. (författare)
  • Kautz-Volterra modelling of analogue-to-digital converters
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Computer Standards & Interfaces. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-5489 .- 1872-7018. ; 32:3, s. 126-129
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In many test and measurement applications, the analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) is the limiting component. Using post-correction methods can improve the performance of the component as well as the over all measurement system. In this paper an ADC is characterised by a Kautz-Volterra (KV) model, which utilises a model-based post-correction of the ADC with general properties and a reasonable number of parameters. It is also shown that the inverse model has the same dynamic properties as the direct KV model. Results that are based on measurements on a high-speed 12-bit ADC, shows good results for a third order model.
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27.
  • Björsell, Niclas, et al. (författare)
  • Measuring Volterra kernels of analog to digital converters using a stepped three-tone scan
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 2006. IMTC 2006. - 0780393597 ; , s. 1047-1050
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Volterra theory can be used to mathematically model nonlinear dynamic components such as analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This paper describes how frequency domain Volterra kernels of an ADC are determined from measurements. The elements of Volterra theory are given and practical issues are considered, such as methods for signal conditioning, finding the appropriate test signals scenario and suitable sampling frequency. The results show that for the used pipeline ADC, the frequency dependence is significantly stronger for second order difference products than for sum products and the linear frequency dependence was not as pronounced as that of the second order Volterra kernel.
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28.
  • Björsell, Niklas, et al. (författare)
  • Measuring Volterra Kernels of Analog To Digital Converters Using a Stepped Three-Tone Scan
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. - 0018-9456 .- 1557-9662. ; 57:4, s. 666-671
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The Volterra theory can be used to mathematically model nonlinear dynamic components such as analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). This paper describes how frequency-domain Volterra kernels of an ADC are determined from measurements. The elements of the Volterra theory are given, and practical issues are considered, such as methods for signal conditioning and finding the appropriate test signals scenario and suitable sampling frequency. The results show that, for the used pipeline ADC, the frequency dependence is significantly stronger for second-order difference products than for sum products and the linear frequency dependence was not as pronounced as that of the second-order Volterra kernel. It is suggested that the Volterra kernels have the symmetry properties of a specific box model, namely, the parallel Hammerstein system.
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29.
  • Björsell, Niclas, 1964- (författare)
  • Modeling Analog to Digital Converters at Radio Frequency
  • 2007
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Det här arbetet handlar om att ta fram beteendemodeller av analog till digital omvandlare avsedda för tillämpningar i radiofrekvensområdet. Det gäller tillämpningar inom telekommunikation men även in test- och mätinstrument där omvandlingen från analoga till digitala signaler ofta är en prestandamässig flaskhals. Modellerna är avsedda att användas för att efterbehandla utdata från omvandlaren och på så sätt förbättra prestanda på den digitala signalen. Genom att skapa modeller av verkliga omvandlare och hur dessa avviker från ett idealt beteende kan ofullständigheter korrigeras genom så kallad postkorrigering. Beteendemodeller innebär att genererar en lämplig insignal, mäta utdata och beräkna en modell. För omvandlare i radiofrekvensområdet ställs höga krav på instrumentering. Den testutrustningen som används är baserad på moderna högprestanda instrument som har kompletterats med specialbyggd utrustning för signalkonditionering och datainsamling. I avhandlingen har även olika insignaler utvärderats med såväl teoretisk som experimentell analys. Det finns ett flertal olika varianter av modeller för att modulera ett olinjär, dynamisk system. För att få en parametereffektiv modell har utgångspunkten varit att utgå från en Volterramodell som på ett optimalt sätt beskriver svagt olinjära dynamiska system, så som analog till digital omvandlare, men som är alltför omfattande i antal parametrar. Volterramodellens har sedan reducerats till en mindre parameterintensiv, modellerstruktur på så sätt att Volterrakärnans symmetriegenskaper jämförts med symmetrierna hos andra modeller. En alternativ metod är att använda en Kautz-Volterramodell. Den har samma generella egenskaper som Volterramodellen, men är inte lika parameterkrävande. I den här avhandlingen redovisas experimentella resultat av Kautz-Volterramodellen som i framtiden kommer att vara intressanta att använda för postkorrigeringen. För att kunna beskriva beteenden som en dynamiska olinjära modellen inte klarar av har modellen kompletterats med en statisk styckvis linjär modellkomponent. I avhandlingen presenteras en sluten lösning för att identifiera samtliga paramervärden i modellen. Vidare har det i avhandlingen genomförs en analys av hur respektive komponent påverkar prestanda på utsignalen. Därigenom erhålls ett mått på den maximala prestandaförbättring som kan uppnås om felet kan elimineras.
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30.
  • Björsell, Niclas, 1964-, et al. (författare)
  • Multi-tone design for out-of-band characterization of nonlinear RF modules using harmonic sampling
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: 2010 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, I2MTC 2010. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Service Center. - 9781424428335 - 9781424428328 ; , s. 620-623
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this paper we evaluate the generation of a multi-tone set for characterizing the behavior of nonlinear radio frequency (RF) modules in its out-of-band when harmonic sampling is used as digitizer. The purpose is to provide the reader with a tool to select proper frequencies and record length for a given application and test-bed. The method is based on simulations and the use of Sidon sequences. The proposed method is applicable to sparse discrete frequency multi-tones.
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  • Resultat 21-30 av 102
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