| 11. |
- Liedgren, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Medeltida gårdar i Böle by, Lövånger
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arkeologi i Norr. - Umeå : Umeå universitet. - 0284-558X. ; 16, s. 135-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A tax register (Gustav Vasa's jordebok), from 1543, shows that there were 148 tax units or farms in Lövånger parish at the time. This paper records excavations conducted in 2014 in one of the villages named Böle. Two farmsteads were partly excavated. One (Lövånger parish no. Raä 508) consisted of two house foundations and an ancient field with clearance cairns, and another (Lövånger parish no Raä 621) consisted of three house foundations, a cellar and clearance cairns.Radiocarbon datings show that the farmsteads were used during the 12th–15th centuries. A coin was found, a so called "klipping", which can be dated to the early reign of King Gustav Vasa, 1521–1523. Most of the artefacts found came from refuse deposits, containing large amounts of burned and unburned bone fragments. Nearly all of the identified bones (c. 97–98 %) came from domesticated animals, such as cattle, sheep and goat. Sources of the few identified bones from wild game included seal, hare, pike and perch.Areas covered by house foundations on the two sites varied from c. 20 - 50 m2. All foundations had cairns in one corner, marking fireplaces. The houses on the foundations were probably timber-framed, like most houses in the area during historical times. In and outside the houses, pieces of bricks and burned clay were found, showing that the farmers used bricks, at least to some extent in the fireplaces, as early as the 14th century.
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| 12. |
- Lindqvist, Anna-Karin, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Arkeologiska undersökningar av den förromerska boplatsen i Gene, Raä 59:1 i Själevads socken, Ångermanland
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Excavation report of an important site close to the farm from the Roman Iron Age and Migration Period site at Gene, in northern Ångermanland. The reported site shows new aspects of the transition from the traditional mobile and semi-mobile hunter-gatherer society to the new way of life style with three-aisled longe house and stalled animials. The closeness in time and space illuminate in a new way the how this transition took place. On this world-wide issue it is suggested that regional causes may be seeked.
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| 19. |
- Ramqvist, Per H., 1950-
(författare)
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Gene : on the origin, function and development of sedentary Iron Age settlement in northern Sweden
- 1983
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with questions concerning the sedentary settlement in central Norrland: its origins, function and development. This type of settlement appears at the start of our calendar. The material comprises an almost fully excavated farmstead from the Early Iron Age (1-600 A.D.), situated on Genesmon in the parish of Själevad, northern Ångermanland. Particular stress has been put on the description of the individual structures and on questions concerning the construction and room-division of the houses. The farm's resource utilization, handicrafts and development are also analysed and discussed.The basic material for the thesis has been obtained through archaeological excavations. To a limited degree a comparative method has been used with regard to the form and content of the farm settlement. In addition data has been extracted from the presence, distribution and species of carbonized seeds, which were collected from post-holes, hearths and other features in and around the nine house foundations found hitherto.Contrary to the views of previous research, the results show that even northern Ångermanland obtained sedentary settlement at about the same time as Hälsingland and Medelpad. With regard to the origin of this settlement a critical examination is made of previous research, which has largely been in agreement that it was a result of colonization from the Mälar Valley. Some circumstances are presented which can be interpreted rather as internal development under influence. The settlement on the excavated site at Gene consists of a farmstead, with a three-aisled long-house and smaller three-aisled houses nearby with special functions. The number of small houses increases with time. Only a few remnants of dividing walls have been encountered. Room analyses show that the long-house was probably divided into six rooms or sections, each with its own function. The general layout and this room-division corresponds well with other contemporary houses in, for example, S.W. Norway and on Jutland. There are however tendencies towards regional differences. During the Migration Period both iron-forging and bronze-casting have taken place on the farm. These handicrafts were probably not carried out by professional smiths. The remains of bronze working show that relief brooches, keys, rings and pins were cast. A preliminary going-through of the literature also shows that bronze-casting was considerably more common on the Migration Period farms in Norden than one generally assumed. The farm on Genesmon is suggested to have been relocated during the 6th or 7th century A.D. Since a similar restructuring or movement of settlement can be noted over large parts of Norden during this period, the explanations for the relocation of the Gene farm must be sought in changes in a long-established inter-regional structure.
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| 20. |
- Ramqvist, Per H, 1950-
(författare)
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Geosocial diversitet under folkvandringstiden : Idéer utgående från Medelpad
- 2012
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Ingår i: Arkeologi i Norr. - Umeå : Umeå universitet. - 0284-558X. ; 13, s. 75-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article discusses the way in which internal economic, social and religious structures and organisation during the Migration Period are reflected by archaeological remains in part of the county of Medepad, Central Norrland. The author shows that different parts of the landscape were centres for different functions within society. In four coastal valleys in close proximity in the northern part of Medelpad, each valley had its own societal profile. The Tunadal Valley may have had a judicial-religious orientation, while two of the neighbouring valleys, Ljusta and Västland, were totally different. The first exhibited a typical agrarian and the second a very aristocratic milieu. The valley of Västland contains several large mounds, including the largest in Central Norrland, and several continental imports including bronce vessels and glass objects. The northernmost valley, Timrå, had a clear military orientation.The author also discusses the different ways that the richer grave mounds are laid out. From the large, kingly mounds of Högom and the few others that have a diameter greater than 40 m, a wide spectrum of grave types is discussed, including those of hird-leaders, successful warriors and cult leaders.
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