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Sökning: LAR1:gu > Högskolan i Halmstad

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41.
  • Arvidsson, Barbro, et al. (författare)
  • Process-oriented group supervision implemented during nursing education : nurses’ conceptions 1 year after their nursing degree
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 16:7, s. 868-875
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: To describe the variation in how nurses conceive process-oriented group supervision, implemented during nursing education, 1 year after their nursing degree. BACKGROUND: Process-oriented group supervision can be an effective support system for helping nursing students and nurses to reflect on their activities. METHODS: A descriptive qualitative design was chosen for the study. Conceptions were collected through interviews with 18 strategically selected Swedish nurses in 2005. RESULTS: Three descriptive categories comprising seven conceptions were emerged. Supportive actions comprised: a sense of security, belonging and encouragement. Learning actions involved: sharing and reflecting while developmental actions described: enabling professional identity and facilitating personal development. CONCLUSIONS: Process-oriented group supervision has a lasting influence on nurses' development. The possibility to reflect over new stances during nursing education was a prerequisite for the provision of high-quality care. Process-oriented group supervision can make an important contribution to nursing education. IMPLICATIONS: for Nursing Management Process-oriented group supervision provides nurses with the strength to achieve resilience to stress in their work. It may lead to autonomy as well as clarity in the nurse's professional function. This indicates the need for nurse managers to organize reflective group supervision as an integral part of the nurse's work.
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42.
  • Arvidsson, Barbro, et al. (författare)
  • The development of a questionnaire for evaluating process-oriented group supervision during nursing education
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 8:2, s. 88-93
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The benefits of process-oriented group supervision are difficult to evaluate, as the validity and reliability of the existing instruments have been questioned. The aim was to develop and test the psychometric properties of a questionnaire in order to evaluate the effects of process-oriented group supervision on nursing students during their three-year nursing education. A 55-item Process-oriented Group Supervision Questionnaire (PGSQ) with a developmental design was formulated on the basis of a literature review and the expectations of nursing students who participated in a three-year nursing education programme (N = 176). Construct validity and internal consistency reliability were tested at the end of each study year: year 1 (T1), year 2 (T2), and year 3 (T3) by means of exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s coefficient. An adequate explorative factor analysis (principal component analysis, varimax rotation) with an Eigenvalue >1.0 and factor loadings >0.40, reduced the questionnaire to 18 items comprising three factors labelled educative, supportive and developmental, which explained 60.2% at T1, 71.8% at T2, and 69.3% at T3 of the total cumulative variance. The corresponding Cronbach’s coefficient figures were 0.89 (T1), 0.94 (T2) and 0.93 (T3). The 18-item PGSQ is considered to be a short and useful tool due to its satisfactory validity and reliability figures.
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43.
  • Arvidsson, Susann, 1965-, et al. (författare)
  • Callers' perceptions of their contact with a rheumatology telephone helpline
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Musculoskeletal Care. - Oxford : Wiley. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 17:1, s. 105-112
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Telephone helplines are useful for improving patients' access to healthcare services and reducing the need for frequent face-to-face contact with healthcare professionals. Little is known about how people who phone a helpline perceive the encounter. Objectives The aims of the present study were to describe the variation in how callers perceive their encounter with a rheumatology telephone helpline. Methods The study had a descriptive, qualitative design and used a phenomenographic approach, comprising 27 semi-structured telephone interviews with callers to Rheuma Direct, a rheumatology telephone helpline with specially trained nurses. The callers comprised 22 women and five men, aged 22-89 years (mean 54 years). Results The callers phoned Rheuma Direct when they had problems obtaining answers to questions on the internet or from healthcare professionals. Three descriptive categories emerged: constructive dialogue, specialized competence and applicability. The callers perceived that it was a constructive dialogue when they were able to discuss their concerns with someone, received emotional support, felt reassured and were satisfied with the information provided. They perceived specialized competence when the nurses were experienced and skilful, the advice provided complemented previously received information and when they had more knowledge after the call. The callers perceived that Rheuma Direct had applicability because it was easy to access and they could make different choices before, during and after the telephone call. Conclusions Callers to a rheumatology telephone helpline perceived it as a valuable complement to other sources of information, and felt that it could provide them with the tools to manage their disease better, as well as future contacts with healthcare professionals.
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44.
  • Ashfaq, Awais, 1990-, et al. (författare)
  • DEED : DEep Evidential Doctor
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Artificial Intelligence. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0004-3702 .- 1872-7921. ; 325
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • As Deep Neural Networks (DNN) make their way into safety-critical decision processes, it becomes imperative to have robust and reliable uncertainty estimates for their predictions for both in-distribution and out-of-distribution (OOD) examples. This is particularly important in real-life high-risk settings such as healthcare, where OOD examples (e.g., patients with previously unseen or rare labels, i.e., diagnoses) are frequent, and an incorrect clinical decision might put human life in danger, in addition to having severe ethical and financial costs. While evidential uncertainty estimates for deep learning have been studied for multi-class problems, research in multi-label settings remains untapped. In this paper, we propose a DEep Evidential Doctor (DEED), which is a novel deterministic approach to estimate multi-label targets along with uncertainty. We achieve this by placing evidential priors over the original likelihood functions and directly estimating the parameters of the evidential distribution using a novel loss function. Additionally, we build a redundancy layer (particularly for high uncertainty and OOD examples) to minimize the risk associated with erroneous decisions based on dubious predictions. We achieve this by learning the mapping between the evidential space and a continuous semantic label embedding space via a recurrent decoder. Thereby inferring, even in the case of OOD examples, reasonably close predictions to avoid catastrophic consequences. We demonstrate the effectiveness of DEED on a digit classification task based on a modified multi-label MNIST dataset, and further evaluate it on a diagnosis prediction task from a real-life electronic health record dataset. We highlight that in terms of prediction scores, our approach is on par with the existing state-of-the-art having a clear advantage of generating reliable, memory and time-efficient uncertainty estimates with minimal changes to any multi-label DNN classifier. © 2023 The Author(s)
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45.
  • Ashfaq, Awais, 1990-, et al. (författare)
  • Readmission prediction using deep learning on electronic health records
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Informatics. - Maryland Heights, MO : Elsevier BV. - 1532-0464 .- 1532-0480. ; 97
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Unscheduled 30-day readmissions are a hallmark of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) patients that pose significant health risks and escalate care cost. In order to reduce readmissions and curb the cost of care, it is important to initiate targeted intervention programs for patients at risk of readmission. This requires identifying high-risk patients at the time of discharge from hospital. Here, using real data from over 7500 CHF patients hospitalized between 2012 and 2016 in Sweden, we built and tested a deep learning framework to predict 30-day unscheduled readmission. We present a cost-sensitive formulation of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network using expert features and contextual embedding of clinical concepts. This study targets key elements of an Electronic Health Record (EHR) driven prediction model in a single framework: using both expert and machine derived features, incorporating sequential patterns and addressing the class imbalance problem. We evaluate the contribution of each element towards prediction performance (ROC-AUC, F1-measure) and cost-savings. We show that the model with all key elements achieves higher discrimination ability (AUC: 0.77; F1: 0.51; Cost: 22% of maximum possible savings) outperforming the reduced models in at least two evaluation metrics. Additionally, we present a simple financial analysis to estimate annual savings if targeted interventions are offered to high risk patients. © 2019 The Authors
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46.
  • Axelsson, Åsa B., 1955, et al. (författare)
  • How bystanders perceive their cardiopulmonary resuscitation intervention : a qualitative study
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: Resuscitation. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 47:1, s. 71-81
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The importance of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to arrival of the emergency medical service is well documented. In Sweden, CPR is initiated prior to emergency medical services (EMS) arrival in about 30% of cardiac arrests out-of-hospital, a figure which should be improved urgently. To do so, it is of interest to know more about the bystanders' perceptions of their intervention. A qualitative method inspired by the phenomenographic approach was applied to 19 bystanders who had performed CPR. In the analysis, five main categories and 14 subcategories emerged. The main categories were: to have a sense of humanity, to have competence, to feel an obligation, to have courage and to feel exposed. Interviews described how humanity and concern for another human being were the foundation of their intervention. CPR training offers the possibility to give appropriate help in this emergency. If the aim of CPR training was extended beyond teaching the skill of CPR to include preparation of the rescuer for the intervention and his/her reactions, this might increase the number of people able to take action in the cardiac arrest situation.
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47.
  • Baigi, Amir, 1953, et al. (författare)
  • Non-attendees' attitudes to the design of a cardiac rehabilitation programme focused on information of risk factors and professional involvement
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 8:1, s. 62-66
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Enhancing the accuracy of the content of cardiac rehabilitation programmes (CRPs) and providing the mediators preferred by patients can increase attendance rates in line with secondary prevention goals. The aim of this study was therefore to explore non-attendees' attitudes to the design of a CRP focused on information of risk factors and professional involvement. Method: Consecutive patients with coronary heart disease (n = 100) who declined to participate in a CRP answered a questionnaire focusing on patients' attitudes to risk factors and cardiac rehabilitation. Results: Non-attendees considered that information of hypertension and information of sedentary lifestyle constituted the most important content of a CRP. Physicians, nurses and social workers were considered the most suitable professional categories. Females preferred nurses when discussing smoking issues while males preferred physicians. More males compared to females preferred occupational therapists for dealing with stress, physicians for depression and social workers for social isolation. Conclusions: Non-attendees' attitudes are similar to those of attendees and quite traditional in that they favour physician or nurse-led activities. There is a difference in attitude between male and female.
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48.
  • Barow, Thomas, 1969, et al. (författare)
  • Junge Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung in Schweden und deren Übergang in die Arbeitswelt: Forschungsstand und Perspektiven
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Hedderich, I. & Zahnd, R. (red.). Teilhabe und Vielfalt: Herausforderungen einer Weltgesellschaft. - Bad Heilbrunn : Verlag Julius Klinkhardt. - 9783781520592 ; , s. 337-343
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Der Übergang von der Schule in die Arbeitswelt bedeutet eine Weichenstellung im Lebenslauf, nicht zuletzt mit Blick auf die Situation von Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung. Gerade für diese Personengruppe und im Kontext hoher Jugendarbeitslosigkeit bestätigen jüngste Forschungen in Schweden die Schwierigkeiten, im Erwerbsleben Fuß zu fassen. Der Beitrag präsentiert den schwedischen Forschungsstand und die sich daraus ergebenden Perspektiven.
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49.
  • Behrns, Ingrid, 1961, et al. (författare)
  • Aphasia and the Process of Revision in Writing a Text
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 0269-9206 .- 1464-5076. ; 22:2, s. 95-110
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Most of the previous research on aphasia and writing ability concentrates on the production of words in isolation. The purpose of the current study was to examine the process of producing written texts by clients with aphasia. By using keystroke logging, it was possible to analyse the participants' ongoing work during text writing. Results showed that the participants with aphasia composed their texts in what may be described as a linear way. Edits concerning syntax or text structure were almost absent in the subjects' data, but they spent much time and effort on revising smaller units of text, that is, letters and words, possibly as a result of changing their minds or not being able to realize their intentions. However, these changes did not always result in correctly written words in the final text. The findings are discussed in relation to current writing theories.
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50.
  • Berbyuk Lindström, Nataliya, 1978, et al. (författare)
  • Online education for all? Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on teachers’ professional digital competence development in the context of municipal adult education for migrants
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: ECIS 2023 Research Papers. - Atlanta, GA : Association for Information Systems.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted the education of disadvantaged groups, relegating already marginalized people. It required their teachers to rapidly develop digital competencies to ensure that their students could overcome potential challenges and succeed in their education. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the pandemic on the development of professional digital competence of teachers working with adult migrant learners.By analyzing responses from questionnaires, a workshop and interviews with Swedish Municipal Adult Education (MAE) teachers working in migrant-dense areas in Sweden, we identify notions and perspectives of Teachers’ Professional Digital Competence (TPDC). We explore the challenges they encountered and the skills they deemed essential for managing them. The findings show the necessity of teachers considering learners’ study conditions, development of digital literacy skills, and cultural awareness to ensure inclusive online education for migrant learners.
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