| 281. |
- Elgammal, Karim, et al.
(författare)
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Density functional calculations of graphene-based humidity and carbon dioxide sensors : effect of silica and sapphire substrates
- 2017
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Ingår i: Surface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 663, s. 23-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present dispersion-corrected density functional calculations of water and carbon dioxide molecules adsorption on graphene residing on silica and sapphire substrates. The equilibrium positions and bonding distances for the molecules are determined. Water is found to prefer the hollow site in the center of the graphene hexagon, whereas carbon dioxide prefers sites bridging carbon-carbon bonds as well as sites directly on top of carbon atoms. The energy differences between different sites are however minute - typically just a few tenths of a millielectronvolt. Overall, the molecule-graphene bonding distances are found to be in the range 3.1-3.3 (A) over circle. The carbon dioxide binding energy to graphene is found to be almost twice that of the water binding energy (around 0.17 eV compared to around 0.09 eV). The present results compare well with previous calculations, where available. Using charge density differences, we also qualitatively illustrate the effect of the different substrates and molecules on the electronic structure of the graphene sheet.
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| 282. |
- Elhabashy, Ahmed, et al.
(författare)
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Water quality modeling of a eutrophic drinking water source: Impact of future climate on Cyanobacterial blooms
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ecological Modelling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3800 .- 1872-7026. ; 477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyanobacterial blooms are becoming more frequent in freshwater sources, causing concern throughout the world. Cyanobacterial blooms affect human health and the entire environment. Numerical modeling is an effective tool for investigating aquatic systems. In this study, a 3D hydrodynamic and water quality (ecological) model was used to simulate eutrophication of a drinking water source, Lake Vomb, in Sweden under present and future scenarios. The hydrodynamic model was set-up in MIKE 3 FM software based on meteorological, hydrological, and water quality data. The hydrodynamic model performance was satisfactory in terms of the water temperature simulation, with root-mean-square-error (RMSE) ranging from 0.38 to 1.2 °C. In the ecological model, Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) was used as a proxy for Cyanobacteria, and the model proved acceptable in simulating the Chl-a concentrations, with a Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.93 and 0.87 for calibration and validation respectively. The findings revealed that external nitrogen loading and internal phosphorus loading had significant impact on the nutrient concentrations in Lake Vomb. The findings also showed a correlation between Chl-a levels and total phosphorus levels in the lake. To simulate future water quality in the lake, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) for the year 2050 were used to make projections for changes in air temperature and precipitation. Under the projected future climate, the simulations showed a considerable rise in Cyanobacteria biomass independent of the changes in external nutrient loading. The model findings can assist water managers in planning mitigation strategies by identifying major nutrient sources.
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| 283. |
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| 284. |
- Engström, Katarina, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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The myxoid/round cell liposarcoma fusion oncogene FUS-DDIT3 and the normal DDIT3 induce a liposarcoma phenotype in transfected human fibrosarcoma cells.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The American journal of pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9440 .- 1525-2191. ; 168:5, s. 1642-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myxoid/round cell liposarcoma (MLS/RCLS) is the most common subtype of liposarcoma. Most MLS/RCLS carry a t(12;16) translocation, resulting in a FUS-DDIT3 fusion gene. We investigated the role of the FUS-DDIT3 fusion in the development of MLS/RCLS in FUS-DDIT3- and DDIT3-transfected human HT1080 sarcoma cells. Cells expressing FUS-DDIT3 and DDIT3 grew as liposarcomas in severe combined immunodeficient mice and exhibited a capillary network morphology that was similar to networks of MLS/RCLS. Microarray-based comparison of HT1080, the transfected cells, and an MLS/RCLS-derived cell line showed that the FUS-DDIT3- and DDIT3-transfected variants shifted toward an MLS/RCLS-like expression pattern. DDIT3-transfected cells responded in vitro to adipogenic factors by accumulation of fat and transformation to a lipoblast-like morphology. In conclusion, because the fusion oncogene FUS-DDIT3 and the normal DDIT3 induce a liposarcoma phenotype when expressed in a primitive sarcoma cell line, MLS/RCLS may develop from cell types other than preadipocytes. This may explain the preferential occurrence of MLS/RCLS in nonadipose tissues. In addition, development of lipoblasts and the typical MLS/RCLS capillary network could be an effect of the DDIT3 transcription factor partner of the fusion oncogene.
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| 287. |
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| 288. |
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| 290. |
- Eriksen, Anne Kirstine, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of whole-grain wheat, rye, and lignan supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in men with metabolic syndrome: A randomized crossover trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 111:4, s. 864-876
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A whole-grain (WG)-rich diet has shown to have potential for both prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is a cluster of risk factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Different WGs may have different health effects. WG rye, in particular, may improve glucose homeostasis and blood lipids, possibly mediated through fermentable dietary fiber and lignans. Recent studies have also suggested a crucial role of the gut microbiota in response to WG. Objectives: The aim was to investigate WG rye, alone and with lignan supplements [secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG)], and WG wheat diets on glucose tolerance [oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT)], other cardiometabolic outcomes, enterolignans, and microbiota composition. Moreover, we exploratively evaluated the role of gut microbiota enterotypes in response to intervention diets. Methods: Forty men with MetS risk profile were randomly assigned to WG diets in an 8-wk crossover study. The rye diet was supplemented with 280 mg SDG at weeks 4-8. Effects of treatment were evaluated by mixed-effects modeling, and effects on microbiota composition and the role of gut microbiota as a predictor of response to treatment were analyzed by random forest plots. Results: The WG rye diet (± SDG supplements) did not affect the OGTT compared with WG wheat. Total and LDL cholesterol were lowered (-0.06 and -0.09 mmol/L, respectively; P < 0.05) after WG rye compared with WG wheat after 4 wk but not after 8 wk. WG rye resulted in higher abundance of Bifidobacterium [fold-change (FC) = 2.58, P < 0.001] compared with baseline and lower abundance of Clostridium genus compared with WG wheat (FC = 0.54, P = 0.02). The explorative analyses suggest that baseline enterotype is associated with total and LDL-cholesterol response to diet. Conclusions: WG rye, alone or with SDG supplementation, compared with WG wheat did not affect glucose metabolism but caused transient LDL-cholesterol reduction. The effect of WG diets appeared to differ according to enterotype. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02987595.
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