| 47701. |
- Laukkanen, P., et al.
(författare)
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Ultrathin (1x2)-Sn layer on GaAs(100) and InAs(100) substrates : A catalyst for removal of amorphous surface oxides
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 98:23, s. 231908-1-231908-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amorphous surface oxides of III-V semiconductors are harmful in many contexts of device development. Using low-energy electron diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy, we demonstrate that surface oxides formed at Sn-capped GaAs(100) and InAs(100) surfaces in air are effectively removed by heating. This Sn-mediated oxide desorption procedure results in the initial well-defined Sn-stabilized (1x2) surface even for samples exposed to air for a prolonged time. Based on ab initio calculations we propose that the phenomenon is due to indirect and direct effects of Sn. The Sn-induced surface composition weakens oxygen adsorption.
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| 47702. |
- Laukkonen Ravn, Jonas, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for targeted hydrolysis and fermentation of glucuronoxylan through CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing
- 2024
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Ingår i: Microbial Cell Factories. - 1475-2859. ; 23:85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The abundance of glucuronoxylan (GX) in agricultural and forestry residual side streams positions it as a promising feedstock for microbial conversion into valuable compounds. By engineering strains of the widely employed cell factory Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the ability to directly hydrolyze and ferment GX polymers, we can avoid the need for harsh chemical pretreatments and costly enzymatic hydrolysis steps prior to fermentation. However, for an economically viable bioproduction process, the engineered strains must efficiently express and secrete enzymes that act in synergy to hydrolyze the targeted polymers. Results The aim of this study was to equip the xylose-fermenting S. cerevisiae strain CEN.PK XXX with xylanolytic enzymes targeting beechwood GX. Using a targeted enzyme approach, we matched hydrolytic enzyme activities to the chemical features of the GX substrate and determined that besides endo-1,4-β-xylanase and β-xylosidase activities, α-methyl-glucuronidase activity was of great importance for GX hydrolysis and yeast growth. We also created a library of strains expressing different combinations of enzymes, and screened for yeast strains that could express and secrete the enzymes and metabolize the GX hydrolysis products efficiently. While strains engineered with BmXyn11A xylanase and XylA β-xylosidase could grow relatively well in beechwood GX, strains further engineered with Agu115 α-methyl-glucuronidase did not display an additional growth benefit, likely due to inefficient expression and secretion of this enzyme. Co-cultures of strains expressing complementary enzymes as well as external enzyme supplementation boosted yeast growth and ethanol fermentation of GX, and ethanol titers reached a maximum of 1.33 g L− 1 after 48 h under oxygen limited condition in bioreactor fermentations. Conclusion This work underscored the importance of identifying an optimal enzyme combination for successful engineering of S. cerevisiae strains that can hydrolyze and assimilate GX. The enzymes must exhibit high and balanced activities, be compatible with the yeast’s expression and secretion system, and the nature of the hydrolysis products must be such that they can be taken up and metabolized by the yeast. The engineered strains, particularly when co-cultivated, display robust growth and fermentation of GX, and represent a significant step forward towards a sustainable and cost-effective bioprocessing of GX-rich biomass. They also provide valuable insights for future strain and process development targets.
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| 47703. |
- Laulajainen, Risto, 1937, et al.
(författare)
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Worldscale, what does it actually measure?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Maritime Policy & Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0308-8839 .- 1464-5254. ; 33:5, s. 477-495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 47704. |
- Laur, Inessa, et al.
(författare)
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Match or mismatch between gazelle companies’ challenges and the support provided by intermediary actors–an empirical example of the construction industry
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. ; 29:10, s. 1845-1869
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-growth firms–also called gazelles–have the potential to create jobs and to drive regional development. Yet, there remains a lack of understanding about how to best support these companies in their growth process. Hence, the types of support offered to these firms are often misdirected and fail to provide relevant support to appropriate types of businesses. This paper focuses on one support policy aimed at support gazelles to cope with their growth challenges, namely intermediary actors, who provide matchmaking, advise and networking activities directed to gazelles. More specifically, this paper aims at identifying what challenges are encountered by gazelles and whether the support provided by intermediary actors is matching the need of support. The empirical focus of the paper is on gazelles within the construction industry and situated in the Swedish municipality Norrköping. Findings indicate that challenges relate to recruitment, interactions with the public sector, lack of support and entrepreneurial personalities/skills. These challenges overwhelm the everyday work of entrepreneurs, who struggle to find solutions, despite the support of intermediaries. Implications for high-growth companies, intermediary actors and policymakers are discussed with the aim of finding a better match between high-growth challenges and intermediary support.
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| 47705. |
- Laurell, Christofer, et al.
(författare)
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Analysing uber in social media - disruptive technology or institutional disruption?
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Management. - : World Scientific. - 1363-9196 .- 1757-5877. ; 20:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extant literature suggests that market disruptions take place because of two main reasons: technological disruption or institutional change. In view of these two alternative explanations, this paper aims to explore how the recent rise of the collaborative consumption platform Uber is perceived by consumers and whether this platform is primarily regarded as a technological innovation or as an institutional disruption. Drawing from a dataset of more than 6500 user-generated contents in social media, our findings suggest that Uber is not primarily perceived as a technological innovation, but rather as an institutional disruption.
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| 47706. |
- Laurell, Christofer, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Analysing uber in social media - Disruptive technology or institutional disruption?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Digital Disruptive Innovation. ; , s. 517-539
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Extant literature suggests that market disruptions take place because of two main reasons: technological disruption or institutional change. In view of these two alternative explanations, this paper aims to explore how the recent rise of the collaborative consumption platform Uber is perceived by consumers and whether this platform is primarily regarded as a technological innovation or as an insti-tutional disruption. Drawing from a dataset of more than 6500 user-generated contents in social media, our findings suggest that Uber is not primarily per¬ceived as a technological innovation, but rather as an institutional disruption.
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| 47707. |
- Laurell, Christofer, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the interplay between crowdfunding and sustainability in social media
- 2019
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Ingår i: Technological Forecasting and Social Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 141, s. 117-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Authors This paper aims to assess the degree to which sustainability-oriented dimensions are integrated within the public discourse on crowdfunding in social media. Utilizing Social Media Analytics (SMA), we track discussions on crowdfunding in user-generated content published in social media. Based on an empirical material of 141,754 user-generated content, we identify 308 entries (0.21 percent) explicitly or implicitly relating to sustainability and 80 percent of these 308 entries came from professional actors. In this material, 37 sustainability-oriented campaigns are identified and 26 of them (70 percent) received one entry. Taken together, this paper adds to previous literature by assessing and describing the seemingly minor role played by social media with regards to the interplay between crowdfunding and sustainability.
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| 47708. |
- Laurell, Christofer, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing coverage of disruptive change in social and traditional media : Evidence from the sharing economy
- 2018
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 129, s. 339-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How do social media differ from traditional media in their coverage of disruptive technological change? We explore how two entrants transforming the personal transportation and accommodation sectors are covered in social and traditional media. Using content analysis, we conclude that these two forms of media differ substantially. Traditional media is focused on how the two entrants affect society and their respective sectors at large, whilst social media instead function as accelerators for the entrants as they receive predominantly positive coverage. Therefore, our findings suggest that the rise of social media may accelerate the growth of disruptive innovations which can, in turn, reduce the window for response.
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| 47709. |
- Laurell, Christofer, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalization and the future of Management Learning : New technology as an enabler of historical, practice-oriented, and critical perspectives in management research and learning
- 2020
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Ingår i: Management Learning. - : Sage Publications. - 1350-5076 .- 1461-7307. ; 51:1, s. 89-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How are historical, practice-oriented, and critical research perspectives in management affected by digitalization? In this article, we describe and discuss how two digital research approaches can be applied and how they may influence the future directions of management scholarship and education: Social Media Analytics and digital archives. Our empirical illustrations suggest that digitalization generates productivity improvements for scholars, making it possible to undertake research that was previously too laborious. It also enables researchers to pay closer attention to detail while still being able to abstract and generalize. We therefore argue that digitalization contributes to a historical turn in management, that practice-oriented research can be conducted with less effort and improved quality and that micro-level data in the form of digital archives and online contents make it easier to adopt critical perspectives.
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| 47710. |
- Laurell, Christofer, et al.
(författare)
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Disruption and Social Media – Entrant Firms as Institutional Entrepreneurs
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Management. - London : Imperial College Press. - 1363-9196 .- 1757-5877. ; 18:3, s. Art. no. 1440006-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Technological change often leads to competitive turbulence in established industries. Little is known about how the introduction of social media affects incumbent and entrant firms. This paper explores the impact of social media on the fashion journalism industry. Our findings show that entrant fashion bloggers have toppled incumbent fashion journalists. Through a netnographic analysis of published blog content, we argue that entrants have become dominant by transforming the profession of fashion journalism and in doing so, they have acted as institutional entrepreneurs. We argue that entrants are less bound by established institutional practices and that their ability to redefine the dominant logic of an industry can explain why they have outperformed incumbents.
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