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- Jonnergård, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Performance evaluations as gender barriers in professional organizations : A study of auditing firms
- 2010
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In: Gender, Work and Organization. - : Wiley. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 17:6, s. 721-749
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gendering processes often take the form of organizational subtexts, that is, seemingly gender-neutral practices that have gender implications. The purpose of this article is to study performance evaluations, which, based on management by objectives systems, may appear neutral, but tend to be based on male norms of what is regarded as good performance. We analysed the careers and performance evaluations of 391 newly licenced Swedish auditors, using an open-ended question survey. In this industry 50 per cent of new employees and 92 per cent of partners are men. Even in the early stages of their careers, there are notable differences between women and men. The women achieved less and show lower career ambitions and expectations as well as greater intentions to leave the auditing industry. Performance evaluations are also perceived differently, men focusing on what is evaluated (reflecting the perceptions of those at higher hierarchical levels) and women focusing on who does the evaluating and how.
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| 2. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Included or excluded? : The dual influence of the organisational field and organizational practice on new female academic
- 2010
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In: Gender and Education. - London : Routledge. - 0954-0253 .- 1360-0516. ; 22:2, s. 209-225
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A number of measures have been taken by the society to ensure gender equality inhigher education. Nevertheless, women still face great difficulties when pursuingan academic career. Our aim is to increase the understanding of how the society,conceptualised as the organisational field, interacts with organisational factors andpersonal actions as women try to establish themselves within academia. Wefollowed a group of female PhD students and their struggle to graduate at aSwedish, traditionally male-dominated, university department. The paper analyseshow actors and regulations in the society interact with the department’s genderedstructures and practices. Three processes that influenced the women’s careeropportunities have been identified – a process of integration, liberation andlegitimatisation. We also show that women can get accepted and realise theirshort-term objective, based on support from the society, while not necessarilybeing included by the department in a longer-term perspective.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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The auditor as a s/he:accounts on gender in the Swedish audition industry
- 2011
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Traditionally, the auditing industry has been perceived as a gendered industry.Even though this is slowly changing, it is still unusual for women to reach higherpositions within the auditing or accounting firms. Research also indicates thatwomen have lower career aspirations and that they have a higher propensity forleaving the industry. What we do know less about is how the auditors themselveslook upon the gender situation in the industry. Do they talk about genderdifferences and, if they do, how are these differences conceptualised andexplained?In this paper, we present an analysis of the perception of gender amongrecently accredited Swedish auditors. The paper is built upon an open-endedquestion in a survey sent to all auditors having received their first accreditationduring the period of 1999 to 2003. We find that a majority talk about there being adifference between female and male auditors and that this difference may beconceptualised in six themes that include both perceptions of as well as theexplanations for the differences. Women to a high degree discuss differences inthemes concerning especially relations, while men to a high degree refer tostructures. When talking about there not being a difference, women tend to referto individual arguments, whereas men refer to structural ones. The analysisindicates that the auditors talk about their own business as a modern one, but thisis hardly so when it comes to equality between the sexes.Keywords: Gender equality, auditing industry, accountsIntroductionThe
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| 5. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, et al.
(author)
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The making of active boards in Swedish public companies
- 2011
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In: Journal of Management and Governance. - : Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.. - 1385-3457 .- 1572-963X. ; 15:1, s. 123-155
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Boards of directors are a vital part of corporate governance systems. In the on-going discussion about the development of national corporate governance systems, however, little interest has been given to the issue of how and why board behavior changes over time. In this article, we use an institutional approach and study the development of board behavior in Sweden between 1994 and 2004 and if it is affected by board composition and board network characteristics. In order to do so, we introduce the constructs of board activities, i.e. what the boards do, and board involvement, i.e. when in the decision process they get involved. Findings show that range of board activities and board involvement have increased drastically during this period, which indicates a change in the logic of appropriateness of Swedish board behavior. There are robust indications that new types of actors affect activities and involvement positively, as do board interlocks, whereas network centrality affects activities and involvement negatively.
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