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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(MEDICIN) AMNE:(Socialmedicin) AMNE:(Folkhälsomedicinska forskningsområden) "

Sökning: AMNE:(MEDICIN) AMNE:(Socialmedicin) AMNE:(Folkhälsomedicinska forskningsområden)

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31.
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32.
  • Bastholm Rahmner, Pia, et al. (författare)
  • Variations in understanding the drug-prescribing process : a qualitative study among Swedish GPs
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Family Practice. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0263-2136 .- 1460-2229. ; 26:2, s. 121-127
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: A majority of doctor-patient meetings result in the patient getting a prescription. This underlines the need for a high-quality prescription process. While studies have been made on single therapeutic drug groups, a complete study of the physicians' general thought process that comprises the prescription of all drugs still remains to be made. OBJECTIVE: To identify variations in ways of understanding drug prescribing among GPs. METHODS: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 20 Swedish physicians. Informants were recruited purposively and their understandings about prescribing were studied in semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using a phenomenographic approach. RESULTS: Five categories were identified as follows: (A) GP prescribed safe, reliable and well-documented drugs for obvious complaints; (B) GP sought to convince the patient of the most effective drug treatment; (C) GP chose the best drug treatment taking into consideration the patient's entire life situation; (D) GP used clinical judgement and close follow-up to minimize unnecessary drug prescribing and (E) GP prescribed drugs which are cheap for society and environmentally friendly. The categories are interrelated, but have different foci: the biomedical, the patient and the society. Each GP had more than one view but none included all five. The findings also indicate that complexity increases when a drug is prescribed for primary or secondary prevention. CONCLUSIONS: GPs understand prescribing differently despite similar external circumstances. The most significant factor to influence prescribing behaviour was the physician's patient relation approach. GPs may need to reflect on difficulties they face while prescribing to enhance their understandings.
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37.
  • Björkman, Ingeborg, et al. (författare)
  • Health promotion at Swedish pharmacies : views of the staff
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Pharmacy Practice (Internet). - 1886-3655. ; 6:4, s. 211-218
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The role of pharmacy has changed dramatically during the last decades, which has led to new demands on pharmacy personnel. Objective: This study aims at exploring the attitudes of Swedish pharmacy personnel on their role as public health promoters and to look at the opportunities and obstacles they identify in the efforts to widen the pharmacy remit to include a wider health approach. Method Eight focus group discussions were conducted with a strategic sample of pharmacy personnel working in two counties in Sweden. The discussions were transcribed verbatim and analysed by qualitative inductive analysis. Results Five themes were identified, “Pharmacy activities impact on public health”, “The employer, Apoteket AB”, “The new role welcomed”, “Obstacles in the new role”, and “Need of change and support”. Conclusion The concept of pharmacy personnel as public health promoters was not initially in the mindset of the participants. In the process of discussion, the impact of traditional pharmacy practice as well as new pharmacy based initiatives on public health gradually became more obvious to them. The findings show a pharmacy staff involved in a process of change. The participants have not yet landed in their new role as public health promoters and the study shows that practical as well as conceptual support is needed in order for pharmacy personnel to play a more important role in public health.
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38.
  • Björkman, Ingeborg, et al. (författare)
  • Perceptions among Swedish hospital physicians on prescribing of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Quality and Safety in Healthcare. - : BMJ. - 1475-3898 .- 1470-7934 .- 1475-3901. ; 19:6, s. e8-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To explore and describe perceptions of antibiotic prescribing among Swedish hospital physicians, with special reference to whether the perceptions included awareness of antibiotic resistance (AR). Design: A phenomenographic approach was used and data were collected in face-to-face interviews. Setting: Hospitals in seven different counties in central Sweden. Participants A strategic sample of 20 hospital physicians specialising in internal medicine, surgery or urology. Main outcome The variation of perceptions of antibiotic prescribing. Results: Five qualitative different perceptions were found. AR was considered in two of the perceptions. Reasons for not considering AR included a dominating focus on the care of the patient combined with lack of focus on restrictive antibiotic use, or uncertainty about how to manage infectious diseases or the pressure from the healthcare organisation. Parallels between the five perceptions and the stages in the transtheoretical model of health behaviour change were seen. Conclusions: In three of the perceptions, AR was not considered when antibiotics were prescribed. Physicians who primarily express these three perceptions do not seem to be prepared to change to restrictive prescribing. Our findings can be useful in designing activities that encourage AR prevention. Organisational changes are also needed.
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39.
  • Bodin Danielsson, Christina, et al. (författare)
  • Office-type in Relation to Health, Well-being and Job Satisfaction Among Employees
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Environment and Behavior. - : SAGE Publications. - 0013-9165 .- 1552-390X. ; 40, s. 636-668
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article investigates the hypothesis that office type has an influence on workers’ health status and job satisfaction and 469 employees in seven different types, defined by their unique setup of architectural and functional features, have rated their health status and job satisfaction. Multivariate regression models were used for analysis of these outcomes, with adjustment for age, gender, job rank, and line of business. Both health status and job satisfaction differed between the seven office types. Lowest health status was found in medium-sized and small open plan offices. Best health was among employees in cell offices and flex offices. Workers in these types of offices and in shared room offices also rated the highest job satisfaction. Lowest job satisfaction was in combi offices, followed by medium-sized open plan offices. The differences between employees could possibly be ascribed to variations in architectural and functional features of the office types.
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