| 1. |
- Albrektsen, G., et al.
(författare)
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Data on gender contrasts in the risk of incident myocardial infarction by age. The Tromso Study 1979-2012
- 2017
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3409. ; 13, s. 779-784
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The data presented in this article relate to the research article entitled "Risk of incident myocardial infarction by gender: Interactions with serum lipids, blood pressure and smoking. The Tromso Study 1979-2012" (Albrektsen et al., 2017) [1]. Data quantify the gender differences in the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in terms of incidence rate ratios (IRR), in subgroups defined by serum lipids, blood pressure and smoking among persons aged 35-54 years, 55-74 years and 75-94 years, respectively. Data also describe the age- and gender-specific linear associations with the coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. IRRs for combined categories of age, gender and a CHD risk factor, with each category compared to the same reference group, are also shown. IRRs were calculated as estimates of relative risk in Poisson regression analyses of person-years at risk. Among 33,859 individuals at risk, a total of 622,1308 and 816 were diagnosed with Ml at ages 35-54, 55-74 and 75-94 years, respectively. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 2. |
- Albrektsen, G., et al.
(författare)
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Lifelong gender gap in risk of incident myocardial infarction: The Tromsø study
- 2016
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Ingår i: JAMA Internal Medicine. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6106. ; 176:11, s. 1673-1679
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE It is not clear to what extent the higher incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in men vs women is explained by differences in risk factor levels because few studies have presented adjusted risk estimates for sex. Moreover, the increase in risk of CHD in postmenopausal women, possibly hormone related, may eventually eliminate the sex contrast in risk, but age-specific risk estimates are scarce. OBJECTIVE To quantify the difference in risk of incidentmyocardial infarction (MI) between men and women. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Population-based prospective study from Tromsø, Norway, comprising 33 997 individuals (51% women). Median follow-up time during ages 35 to 102 years was 17.6 years. Incidence rates (IRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs, relative risk) of MI were calculated in Poisson regression analysis of person-years at risk. The data analysis was performed in November 2015. EXPOSURES Sex, age, birth cohort, serum lipid levels, blood pressure, lifestyle factors, diabetes. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incident MI. RESULTS A total of 2793 individuals (886 women) received a diagnosis of MI during follow-up in the period 1979 through 2012. The IR increased with age in both sexes, with lower rates for women until age 95 years. Adjusted for age and birth cohort, the overall IRR for men vs women was 2.72 (95%CI, 2.50-2.96). Adjustment for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels had the strongest impact on the risk estimate for sex, followed by diastolic blood pressure and smoking. However, the sex difference remained substantial even after adjustment for these factors (IRR, 2.07; 95%CI, 1.89-2.26). Men had higher risk throughout life, but the IRRs decreased with age (3.64 [95%CI, 2.85-4.65], 2.00 [95%CI, 1.76-2.28], and 1.66 [95%CI, 1.42-1.95] for age groups 35-54, 55-74, and 75-94 years, respectively). Adjustment for systolic blood pressure, diabetes, body mass index, and physical activity had no notable impact. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The observed sex contrast in risk of MI cannot be explained by differences in established CHD risk factors. The gender gap persisted throughout life but declined with age as a result of a more pronounced flattening of risk level changes in middle-aged men. The minor changes in IRs when moving from premenopausal to postmenopausal age in women make it unlikely that changes in female hormone levels influence the risk of MI.
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| 3. |
- Albrektsen, G., et al.
(författare)
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Risk of incident myocardial infarction by gender: Interactions with serum lipids, blood pressure and smoking. The Tromso Study 1979-2012
- 2017
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 261, s. 52-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Overall, men have roughly twice the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) compared to women, but what causes this contrast is unclear. Identification of subgroups where the gender contrast in risk is particularly low or high, may provide new insight. In the search for such subgroups, we focus on gender-specific effects of established coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Heterogeneity across age groups is also explored. Methods: Population-based prospective study from Tromso, Norway, comprising 33,859 individuals (51% women); 2746 individuals (854 women) received a diagnosis of MI during follow-up at ages 35-94 years. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated as estimates of relative risk in Poisson regression analyses. Results: The association between total cholesterol and risk of MI was stronger for men than women, and IRR for men vs. women accordingly increased with increasing cholesterol, but the risk was higher for men in all subgroups (IRR in range 1.63-3.27), except among older people with low cholesterol levels. The adverse effect of increasing blood pressure (BP) was stronger for women, and IRR for gender diminished with increasing systolic (from 3.90 to 1.38) and diastolic BP (from 2.87 to 1.54). The gender contrast in risk was also substantially reduced in smokers >= 75 years. Associations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) did not differ between genders. Conclusions: Gender heterogeneity in associations with total cholesterol but not HDL-C indicates gender differences in associations with non-HDL-C. The stronger association with BP in women may relate to more severe hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Aminoff, A, et al.
(författare)
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Allele-specific regulation of MTTP expression influences the risk of ischemic heart disease.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of lipid research. - 0022-2275 .- 1539-7262. ; 51:1, s. 103-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Promoter polymorphisms in microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) have been associated with decreased plasma lipids but an increased risk for ischemic heart disease (IHD), indicating that MTTP influences the susceptibility for IHD independent of plasma lipids. The objective of this study was to characterize the functional promoter polymorphism in MTTP predisposing to IHD and its underlying mechanism. Use of pyrosequencing technology revealed that presence of the minor alleles of the promoter polymorphisms -493G>T and -164T>C result in lower transcription of MTTP in vivo in the heart, liver, and macrophages. In vitro experiments indicated that the minor -164C allele mediates the lower gene expression and that C/EBP binds to the polymorphic region in an allele-specific manner. Furthermore, homozygous carriers of the -164C were found to have increased risk for IHD as shown in a case-control study including a total of 544 IHD patients and 544 healthy control subjects. We concluded that carriers of the minor -164C allele have lower expression of MTTP in the heart, mediated at least partly by the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein, and that reduced concentration of MTTP in the myocardium may contribute to IHD upon ischemic damage.
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| 5. |
- Arking, D. E., et al.
(författare)
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Genetic association study of QT interval highlights role for calcium signaling pathways in myocardial repolarization
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:8, s. 826-836
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The QT interval, an electrocardiographic measure reflecting myocardial repolarization, is a heritable trait. QT prolongation is a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) and could indicate the presence of the potentially lethal mendelian long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Using a genome-wide association and replication study in up to 100,000 individuals, we identified 35 common variant loci associated with QT interval that collectively explain ∼ 8-10% of QT-interval variation and highlight the importance of calcium regulation in myocardial repolarization. Rare variant analysis of 6 new QT interval-associated loci in 298 unrelated probands with LQTS identified coding variants not found in controls but of uncertain causality and therefore requiring validation. Several newly identified loci encode proteins that physically interact with other recognized repolarization proteins. Our integration of common variant association, expression and orthogonal protein-protein interaction screens provides new insights into cardiac electrophysiology and identifies new candidate genes for ventricular arrhythmias, LQTS and SCD. © 2014 Nature America, Inc.
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Inger M., 1944, et al.
(författare)
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The cortisol awakening response and the metabolic syndrome in a population-based sample of middle-aged men and women.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-0495 .- 1532-8600. ; 59:7, s. 1012-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to explore the relationship between the cortisol awakening response (CAR) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. The final study sample consisted of 91 women (14 with MetS) and 84 men (15 with MetS), aged 45 to 70 years, from a general population sample. The only exclusion criteria were no consent, pregnancy, or insufficient cortisol testing. On the day of measurement (weekday), salivary cortisol was sampled at awakening and 15 minutes after awakening. Relative CAR (CAR%) and the MetS were the main variables studied. Results showed that, in women with the MetS, cortisol at awakening was significantly lower (mean, 8.92 vs 12.33 nmol/L; P = .05) and the CAR was significantly higher (91.4% vs 36.5%, P < .001) than in women without the syndrome. Significant difference in the relative CAR was also present between men and women with MetS (38.5% and 91.4%, respectively; P = .02). No difference was seen in the awakening response comparing men with and without the MetS. In a regression model, the response to awakening was dependent on the MetS in women (F1,89 = 13.19, P < .001); but the model was not significant in men. Furthermore, the awakening response was associated with more depressive symptoms in women (F1,80 = 8.12, P = .01) and with weekday/weekend cortisol sampling in men (F1,82 = 4.63, P = .03). The association between the relative CAR and the MetS remained significant but somewhat attenuated after adjusting for depressive symptoms (P = .01). Results indicate a sex difference in the CAR% in the presence of the MetS independent of depressive symptoms, a known correlate of the MetS.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) in obese with asthma symptoms: Data from the population study INTERGENE/ADONIX
- 2011
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692. ; 139:5, s. 1109-1116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and asthma. However, it is uncertain if fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), which is used as a marker of airway inflammation, and atopy are associated with BMI. The aim was to examine if obese with asthma symptoms have a different phenotype of asthma than non-obese as indicated by FENO. METHODS: The subjects (n=2187) consist of women and men, aged 25-74, living in Gothenburg, Sweden, participating in the randomly selected INTERGENE study cohort. Measurements include anthropometric measures, bioelectric impedance, FENO, pulmonary function, blood samples for IgE and questionnaires including items on respiratory symptoms. Obesity was defined as BMI≥30 kg/m(2). In this cross-sectional analysis, general linear models were used to analyse how FENO was associated with anthropometry, body composition, wheezing and atopy. RESULTS: In non-obese subjects, wheezing was associated with raised FENO and atopy, whereas, in contrast, obese with wheezing had lower FENO than obese without wheezing (16.1 v.s. 19.1 ppb, p<0.01). The prevalence of atopy was similar in both those sub-groups (25.0 v.s. 20.7%, p=0.4). Similarly, in 395 subjects (19%) who reported wheezing, FENO was negatively associated with BMI, waist-hip ratio and percentage of body fat, while no significant relationships were observed in those without respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Wheezing was significantly associated with reduced FENO in obese subjects, whereas there was a positive association between wheezing and FENO among the non-obese, indicating a possible difference in asthma phenotype, based on body weight.
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| 9. |
- Berg, Christina, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Eating patterns and portion size associated with obesity in a Swedish population.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Appetite. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-8304 .- 0195-6663. ; 52:1, s. 21-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to describe the association between meal pattern and obesity. The study is based on data from the INTERGENE research programme, and the study population consists of randomly selected women and men, aged 25-74, living in the V?stra G?taland Region in Sweden. A total of 3610 were examined. Participants with measured BMI>/=30 were compared with others (BMI<30) with respect to questionnaire data on habitual meal patterns and intake of energy estimated from food frequencies and standard portions. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were adjusted for age, sex, smoking and physical activity in logistic regression models. Being obese was significantly associated with omitting breakfast, OR 1.41 (1.05-1.90), omitting lunch OR 1.31 (1.04-1.66) and eating at night OR 1.62 (1.10-2.39). Obesity was also related to significantly larger self-reported portion sizes of main meals. No statistically significant relationship with intake of total energy was revealed. Thus, the results indicate that examination of meal patterns and portion sizes might tell us more about obesogenic food patterns than traditional nutrient analyses of food frequencies. Being obese was associated with a meal pattern shifted to later in the day and significantly larger self-reported portions of main meals.
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| 10. |
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