| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Johnell, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Coagulation, fibrinolysis and cell activation in patients and shed mediastinal blood during coronary artery bypass grafting using a new heparin-coated surface
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-5223 .- 1097-685X. ; 124:2, s. 321-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Heparin coating of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit is shown to improve the biocompatibility of the surface. We have studied a new heparin surface, the Corline Heparin Surface, applied to a complete set of an extracorporeal device used during coronary artery bypass grafting in terms of activation of inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis in patients and in shed mediastinal blood. METHODS: Sixty patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting were randomized to one of 3 groups with heparin-coated devices receiving either a standard, high, or low dose of systemic heparin or to an uncoated but otherwise identical circuit receiving a standard dose of systemic heparin. Samples were drawn before, during, and after the operation from the pericardial cavity and in shed mediastinal blood. No autotransfusion of shed mediastinal blood was performed. RESULTS: The Corline Heparin Surface significantly reduced the activation of coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelets, and inflammation compared with that seen with the uncoated surface in combination with a standard dose of systemic heparin during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Both a decrease and an increase of systemic heparin in combination with the coated heparin surface resulted in higher activation of these processes. A significantly higher expression of all studied parameters was found in the shed mediastinal blood compared with in systemic blood at the same time. CONCLUSIONS: The Corline Heparin Surface used in cardiopulmonary bypass proved to be more biocompatible than an uncoated surface when using a standard systemic heparin dose. The low dose of systemic heparin might not be sufficient to maintain the antithrombotic activity, and the high dose resulted in direct cell activation rather than a further anti-inflammatory and anticoagulatory effect.
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| 13. |
- Knief, Ulrich, et al.
(författare)
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza causes mass mortality in Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis breeding colonies across north-western Europe
- 2024
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Ingår i: Bird conservation international. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0959-2709 .- 1474-0001. ; 34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2022, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b became enzootic and caused mass mortality in Sandwich TernThalasseus sandvicensis and other seabird species across north-western Europe. We present data on the characteristics of the spread of the virus between and within breeding colonies and the number of dead adult Sandwich Terns recorded at breeding sites throughout north-western Europe. Within two months of the first reported mortalities, 20,531 adult Sandwich Terns were found dead, which is >17% of the total north-western European breeding population. This is probably an under-representation of total mortality, as many carcasses are likely to have gone unnoticed and unreported. Within affected colonies, almost all chicks died. After the peak of the outbreak, in a colony established by late breeders, 25.7% of tested adults showed immunity to HPAI subtype H5. Removal of carcasses was associated with lower levels of mortality at affected colonies. More research on the sources and modes of transmission, incubation times, effective containment, and immunity is urgently needed to combat this major threat for colonial seabirds.
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| 14. |
- Larsson, Dhana E., et al.
(författare)
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Combination analyses of anti-cancer drugs on human neuroendocrine tumor cell lines
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0344-5704 .- 1432-0843. ; 65:1, s. 5-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: There is a large need for better pharmacological treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify the cytotoxic potentiating effects resulting from a combination of five substances, NSC 95397, emetine, CGP-74514A hydrochloride, Brefeldin A and sanguinarine chloride, chosen from a previous screening of 1,280 pharmacologically active agents on neuroendocrine tumor cells, with standard cytotoxic agents currently used in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. METHOD: The human pancreatic carcinoid cell line BON-1, human typical bronchial carcinoid cell line NCI-H727 and the human atypical bronchial carcinoid cell line NCI-H720 were used. Combinations between doxorubicin, etoposide, oxaliplatin, docetaxel, and each one of the five agents were studied and simultaneous exposures were explored using the median-effect method. RESULTS: Most of the combinations of NSC-95397 and emetine with doxorubicin, etoposide, docetaxel, and oxaliplatin showed synergism, and their remaining combinations were additive. Almost all of the CGP-74514A hydrochloride interactions were additive, while brefeldin A and sanguinarine displayed less synergy but more additive and antagonistic interactions in combination with the standard drugs. CONCLUSION: The synergistic and additive interactions make NSC-95397, emetine, and CGP-74514A hydrochloride potential candidates for incorporation into combination chemotherapy regimens and these drugs might be the suitable candidates for further clinical studies in patients with bronchial carcinoids and pancreatic endocrine tumors.
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| 15. |
- Larsson, Dhana E., et al.
(författare)
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Identification and evaluation of potential anti-cancer drugs on human neuroendocrine tumor cell lines
- 2006
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 26:6B, s. 4125-4129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate drug sensitivity in neuroendocrine tumor cell lines. Materials and Methods: In vitro drug sensitivity screening was performed using the fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay in one human pancreatic carcinoid and two human bronchial carcinoid cell lines. In addition, a normal human retinal pigment epithelial cell line was used for comparison. A total of 18 drugs with different mechanisms of action were tested. Results: The most active agents were brefeldin A, emetine, bortezomib and idarubicin, having IC50 values < 1 μM in all four cell lines. In addition, the three tumor cell lines showed sensitivity for sanguinarine, Bay11-7085, mitoxantrone, doxorubicin, β-lapachone, NSC 95397 and CGP-74514A. Conclusion: The cell lines were sensitive for several drugs acting in different ways, covering a broad spectrum of mechanisms of action. Some of these compounds may possibly be used in clinical trials and show therapeutic effect in patients with neuroendocrine tumors.
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| 16. |
- Larsson, Kjell, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of an extensive Prymnesium polylepis bloom on breeding eiders in the Baltic Sea
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Sea Research. - : Elsevier. - 1385-1101 .- 1873-1414. ; 88, s. 21-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of an extensive bloom of the potentially toxic Prymnesium polylepis (Haptophyta) on breeding eiders (Somateria mollissima) in the Baltic Sea were analysed. Increasing abundances of the alternate stage P. polylepis was detected by a marine monitoring programme in the autumn 2007. The bloom peaked between March and May 2008 in the southern, central and northwestern Baltic Proper and abundances of up to 5 x 106 cells l- 1 were recorded. At several sites P. polylepis constituted between 30 and 90% of the total phytoplankton biovolume. The flagellate was only recorded in low numbers in the northeastern Baltic Proper and Gulf of Finland. The abundances were low in 2007, 2009 and 2010. In 28 eider colonies situated in the southern and central Baltic Proper, sharp and synchronous declines in the number of nesting eiders were observed from 2007 to 2008. In colonies on Gotland in the central Baltic Proper, a 76% decrease, from 6650 nests to 1620 nests, was followed by increases in 2009 and 2010, although not up to numbers observed in 2007. At Utklippan and Ertholmene in the southern Baltic Proper, the observed decreases of 55%, from 144 to 65 nests, and 36%, from 1660 to 1060 nests, respectively, between 2007 and 2008, were followed by increases in 2009 and 2010 up to the level observed in 2007. By contrast, no general decline of the number of nesting eiders was observed from 2007 to 2008 in 75 colonies in the northeastern Baltic Proper and Gulf of Finland. Hence, the spatial distribution of the P. polylepis bloom in 2008 closely matched the observed distribution of extensive non-breeding of female eiders. We suggest that the intensive spring bloom of P. polylepis, either through a toxic or non-toxic pathway, affected the main benthic food of eiders, i.e. blue mussels (Mytilus trossulus x Mytilus edulis), at pre-breeding foraging sites close to the breeding sites, and, subsequently, the body condition of adult female eiders and their breeding propensity.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Orre, Lukas M., et al.
(författare)
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p53 is involved in clearance of ionizing radiation-induced RAD51 foci in a human colon cancer cell line
- 2006
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Ingår i: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X .- 1090-2104. ; 342:4, s. 1211-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated p53-related differences in cellular response to DNA damaging agents, focusing on p53s effects on RAD51 protein level and sub-cellular localization post exposure to ionizing radiation. In a human colon cancer cell line, HCT116 and its isogenic p53-/- subcell line we show here p53-independent RAD51 foci formation but interestingly the resolution of RAD51 foci showed clear p53 dependence. In p53 wt cells, but not in p53-/- cells, RAD51 protein level decreased 48 h post irradiation and fluorescence immunostaining showed resolution of RAD51 foci and relocalization of RAD51 to nucleoli at time points corresponding to the decrease in RAD51 protein level. Both cell lines rejoined DNA double strand breaks efficiently with similar kinetics and p53 status did not influence sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. We suggest that p53 has a role in RAD51 clearance post DSB repair and that nucleoli might be sites of RAD51 protein degradation.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Sedigh, Amir, et al.
(författare)
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Modifying the vessel walls in porcine kidneys during machine perfusion
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Surgical Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-4804 .- 1095-8673. ; 191:2, s. 455-462
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Endothelial glycocalyx regulates the endothelial function and plays an active role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. During ischemia/reperfusion, the glycocalyx is rapidly shed into the blood stream. A heparin conjugate (CHC; Corline systems AB, Uppsala, Sweden) consists of 70 heparin molecules that have the capacity to adhere strongly to biological tissues expressing heparin affinity. We hypothesized that CHC could be used to restore disrupted glycocalyx in vivo in kidneys from brain-dead pigs.Materials and Methods: Brain death was induced in male landrace pigs (n=6) by inflating a balloon catheter in the epidural space until obtaining negative cerebral perfusion. The recovered kidneys (n=5+5) were perfused by hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) using two Lifeport kidney transporters (Organ Recovery Systems, Chicago, IL, USA). 50 mg CHC (including 25 mg biotinylated CHC) or 50 mg unfractionated heparin (control) was added to the perfusion fluid in the respective machines. In one case, the kidneys were used only for dose escalation of CHC with the same procedure.Results: CHC was detected by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy in the inner surface of vessel walls. The binding of CHC in the kidney was confirmed indirectly by consumption of CHC from the perfusion fluid.Conclusions: In this first attempt, we show that CHC may be used to coat the vessel walls of perfused kidneys during HMP, an approach that could become useful in restoring endothelial glycocalyx of kidneys recovered from deceased donors to protect vascular endothelium and possibly ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion injuries.
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