| 26561. |
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| 26562. |
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| 26563. |
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| 26564. |
- Eduardo Roa-Coria, Jose, et al.
(författare)
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N-(4-Methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)hexadecanamide, a palmitoylethanolamide analogue, reduces formalin-induced nociception
- 2012
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Ingår i: Life Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0024-3205 .- 1879-0631. ; 91:25-26, s. 1288-1294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate the local antinociceptive effect as well as the possible mechanisms of action of a novel analogue of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) N-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)hexadecanamide (HD) in the rat formalin test.Main methods: The formalin test was used to assess the antinociceptive activity of HD in vivo. The hydrolysis of anandamide catalyzed by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) was used to determine the action of HD on FAAH activity in vitro.Key findings: Local peripheral ipisilateral, but not contralateral, administration of HD (10-100 mu g/paw) produced a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in rats. The CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists AM281 (0.3-30 mu g/paw) and SR144528 (0.3-30 mu g/paw), respectively, reduced the antinociceptive effect of HD (100 mu g/paw). In addition, methiothepin (0.03-0.3 mu g/paw) and naloxone (5-50 mu g/paw) significantly reduced HD-induced antinociception (100 mu g/paw). In vitro, HD reduced only to a minor extent the hydrolysis of anandamide catalyzed by FAAH.Significance: HD local administration produces antinociception that probably results from an indirect activation of peripheral CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. Data suggest that 5-HT1 and opioid receptors also participate in the antinociceptive effect of this compound. HD may have potential as analgesic drug.(C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 26565. |
- Edvardsson, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Coping and Self-image in Patients With Symptoms Attributed to Indoor Environment
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1933-8244 .- 2154-4700. ; 68:3, s. 145-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated self-image and coping ability in a group of patients with symptoms from indoor environment. A follow-up questionnaire was sent to 239 patients previously referred with nonspecific building-related symptoms at University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden. One hundred seventy-four women and 14 men answered and the patient group rated their self-image as more spontaneous, more positive, and less negative than a control group. The patient group rated higher on the cognitive scale in the Coping Resources Inventory (CRI) than the control group. The female patients had an increased risk of not being able to work associated with a low score on negative self-image. The authors conclude that certain personality traits may be potential risk factors that increase the probability of encountering and experiencing stressful work situations. The resulting stress may increase workers' susceptibility to indoor environment exposure.
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| 26566. |
- Edvardsson, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Medical and social prognoses of non-specific building-related symptoms (Sick Building Syndrome) : a follow-up study of patients previously referred to hospital
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 81:7, s. 805-812
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives The aim of this study was to describe and analysethe medical and social prognoses of patients with nonspeciWcbuilding-related symptoms.Methods A follow-up questionnaire focusing on current medical and social status, care, treatment, other actions taken and personality traits was sent to 239 patients with non-speciWc building-related symptoms assessed during theperiod between1986 and 1998 at University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden. The response rate was 79%.Results Fatigue, irritation of the eyes, and facial erythemawere the most common weekly symptoms reported atfollow-up. As females constituted 92% of the respondents,statistical analyses were restricted to women. The level andseverity of symptoms decreased over time, although nearlyhalf of the patients claimed that symptoms were more or lessunchanged after 7 years or more, despite actions taken.Twenty-Wve percent of the patients were on the sick-list, and20% drew disability pension due to persistent symptoms atfollow-up. The risk of having no work capabilities at followupwas signiWcantly increased if the time from onset to Wrstvisit at the hospital clinic was more than 1 year. This riskwas also signiWcantly higher if the patient at the Wrst visithad Wve or more symptoms. All risk assessments wereadjusted for length of follow-up. Symptoms were oftenaggravated by diVerent situations in everyday life.Conclusions Long-lasting symptoms aggravated by environmentalfactors exist within this group of patients. Theresults support that early and comprehensive measures forrehabilitation are essential for the patients.
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| 26567. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Acute care and older people : challenges and ways forward
- 2009
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Ingår i: Australian journal of advanced nursing. - 0813-0531. ; 27:2, s. 63-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This article aims to (a) suggest ways in which acute hospital environments might be modified to better meet the needs of the older person and (b) question whether options other than acute care should be canvassed for older people. Setting: Acute hospital settings. Subjects: Older people and people with cognitive impairment Primary argument: Older people are large consumers of acute hospital care, and acute hospitals are known to pose significant risks for this vulnerable population. Such risks include delirium, falls, restraints, drug side effects, and general de-conditioning entailing loss of function and independence. Eight dimensions of person-centred care are presented to promote assessing and meeting the needs of older people in acute care. Alternatives to acute hospital admission are also suggested, such as developing ‘older people centres’ to which older people could be admitted for triage in older-friendly environments staffed by geriatric experts, places in which their multidimensional care needs could be better met. Conclusions: As an alternative to acute hospital admission, ‘older people centres’ could be developed to which older people could be admitted for triage in older-friendly environments staffed by experts in care of older people. In the mean time, why not provide a balanced approach that provides some environmental adjustments for older people, core knowledge and skills for all staff, and access to gerontic expertise in the acute hospital care of older people.
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| 26568. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between the working characteristics of nursing staff and the prevalence of behavioral symptoms in people with dementia in residential care
- 2008
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Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - New York : Cambridge University Press. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 20:4, s. 764-776
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Clinical experience suggests that the work characteristics of staff in residential care may influence the well-being of residents with dementia. However, few studies have explored those anecdotal experiences. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between work characteristics of nursing staff and prevalence of behavioral symptoms among people with dementia in residential care settings.METHODS: The self-report job strain assessment scale was used to measure staff perceptions of their working environment, and the Multi Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale to measure the occurrence of behavioral symptoms among residents in 40 residential care units for people with dementia.RESULTS: The findings show that in settings where staff reported high job strain, the prevalence of behavioral symptoms was significantly higher compared to settings where staff reported low job strain. Furthermore, settings characterized by staff having a more positive caring climate had significantly less prevalence of escape, restless and wandering behaviors compared to settings having a less positive caring climate. There was no statistically significant association between staff members' self-reported knowledge in caring for people with dementia and prevalence of behavioral symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence for the oft-cited clinical experience that the well-being of nursing staff is associated with the well-being of people with dementia in residential care settings.
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| 26569. |
- Edvardsson, David
(författare)
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Balancing between being a person and being a patient : A qualitative study of wearing patient clothing
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 46:1, s. 4-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The nursing literature is replete with articles on the function of clothing in preventing and controlling infections. However, although contemporary literature demonstrates intimate connections between clothing and identity, there is a lack of studies which illuminate the meanings associated with wearing patient clothing. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to illuminate the meanings of wearing patient clothing as narrated by patients and nurses in Swedish care settings. DESIGN: The data collection was based on grounded theory. Interviews with patients (n=9) and staff (n=5) were drawn from a larger study and analysed with a phenomenological hermeneutical method. SETTINGS: Data was collected between 2001 and 2003 at a hospice, an in-patient geriatric unit, an acute medical unit, and an in-patient oncology unit in Sweden. RESULTS: The phenomenon of 'wearing patient clothing' was found to consist of four themes: (1) being comfortable and cared for; (2) being depersonalised; (3) being stigmatised; and (4) being devitalised. Interpreted in the light of philosophical literature on identity and symbols, the comprehensive understanding of wearing patient clothing is that it is a balancing between being a person and being a patient. Patient clothes were experienced as being comfortable and practical, but also as being stigmatising symbols of illness, confinement, and depersonalisation. CONCLUSIONS: The tension between patient clothing as being practical and comfortable and at the same time enabling feelings of being depersonalised and stigmatised suggests that nursing staff need to balance the practical benefits of these garments with the social and existential meanings they might have.
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| 26570. |
- Edvardsson, David
(författare)
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Beteendeförändringar vid demenssjukdom : perspektiv på värdighetsbefrämjande analyser, tolkningar och interventioner
- 2009
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Ingår i: Omsorg. - 0800-7489. ; 26:3, s. 33-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artikeln presenterar forskningsbaserade perspektiv på vad som kan konstituera värdighetsbefrämjande analyser och tolkningar av, samt interventioner mot beteendemässiga och psykologiska symptom vid demenssjukdom (BPSD). I artikeln argumenteras för att beteendeförändringar hos personer med demenssjukdom ofta manifesteras i interaktion med vårdare och/eller medboende, all tid uppstår inom ramen för en omgivande miljö, samt kan influeras av personens livshistoria. Dessa bör inkluderas i en systematisk analys av det förändrade beteendet till grund för interventioner.
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