| 61. |
- Hegaard, Hanne Kristine, et al.
(författare)
-
Leisure time physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of preterm delivery.
- 2008
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Ingår i: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6868 .- 0002-9378. ; 198:2, s. 1-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to study the association between the times spent on sports activities and leisure time physical activity in the first and early second trimester of pregnancy and the risk of preterm delivery. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based follow-up study of 5749 healthy pregnant women who delivered in Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. RESULTS: Women who practiced more than 1 type of sports had a significantly reduced adjusted risk (odds ratio = 0.09 95% CI, 0.01-0.66) of preterm delivery compared with women with no sports activity. Compared with sedentary pregnant women, women engaged in light leisure time physical activity had a 24% nonsignificantly reduced adjusted risk (odds ratio = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.60-1.02) of preterm delivery and those engaged in moderate-to-heavy leisure time activity had a 66% reduced adjusted risk (odds ratio = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.14-0.85). CONCLUSION: Moderate-to-heavy leisure time physical activity during pregnancy is associated with a significantly reduced risk of preterm delivery.
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| 62. |
- Hegaard, Hanne Kristine, et al.
(författare)
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Sports and leisure-time physical activity in pregnancy and birth weight: a population-based study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 1600-0838 .- 0905-7188.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the association between sports and other leisure-time physical activities during pregnancy and birth weight of babies born after 37 completed weeks of gestation. All Danish-speaking pregnant women attending routine antenatal care at the Department of Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, from August 1989 to September 1991 were invited to participate in the study. A total of 4458 healthy women who delivered after 37 completed gestational weeks participated in this study. The associations between sports (0, 1-2, 3+ h/week) or leisure-time physical activity (sedentary, light, and moderate to heavy) and birth weight were examined by linear and logistic regression and adjusted for potential confounding factors such as smoking, parity, schooling, pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational age. The results showed that pregnant women who practiced sports or were moderate to heavy leisure-time physical active during the early second or the early third trimester gave birth to infants with a similar birth weight as inactive women. The proportion of newborns with a low (<2500 g) or a high birth weight (>/=4500 g) was also unchanged. In conclusion, in this large population-based study, we found no association between sports and leisure-time physical activity and low-birth weight, high-birth weight, or average-birth weight.
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| 63. |
- Hegaard, Hanne Kristine, et al.
(författare)
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The association between leisure time physical activity in the year before pregnancy and pre-eclampsia.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1364-6893 .- 0144-3615. ; 30:1, s. 21-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to investigate the association between leisure time physical activity in the year before pregnancy and pre-eclampsia, stratifying for maternal BMI, a prospective study was carried out from 1996 to 1998. Pregnant women attending their first antenatal care visit, were invited to participate in the study. Inclusion criteria: Danish-speaking, > OR =18 years of age, gestational age <22 weeks, no psychiatric disease, or abuse. The participants (n = 2,793) self-filled a questionnaire at 12-18 gestational weeks. Leisure time physical activity was categorised as sedentary, light and moderate-to-heavy. The results showed that pre-eclampsia occurred in 4.2%, 4.2% and 3.1% of women with sedentary, light and moderate-to-heavy leisure time physical activity, respectively. Although we found a tendency towards a lower risk of pre-eclampsia in women with the highest degree of physical activity during leisure time, especially in overweight women, no significant associations were found. It was concluded that leisure time physical activity the year before pregnancy does not protect against pre-eclampsia.
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| 64. |
- Henriksson, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Body mass index and gestational weight gain in migrant women by birth regions compared with Swedish-born women : A registry linkage study of 0.5 million pregnancies
- 2020
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 15:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Women migrating to high-income countries may have increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes as compared with native-born women. However, little is known whether migrant women are more likely to have unhealthy body mass index (BMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG), which is of importance considering the well-established links between unhealthy BMI and GWG with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hence, the aim of the study was to examine the prevalence and estimate odds ratios (ORs) of underweight and obesity in the first trimester as well as inadequate and excessive GWG across birth regions in migrant (first-generation) and Swedish-born women in a population-based sample of pregnant women in Sweden.METHODS: This population-based study included 535 609 pregnancies from the Swedish Pregnancy Register between the years 2010-2018. This register has a coverage of approximately 90% and includes data on body weight, height, birth country and educational attainment. BMI in the first trimester of pregnancy was classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity whereas GWG was classified as inadequate, adequate and excessive according to the recommendations from the National Academy of Medicine, USA. BMI and GWG were examined according to 7 birth regions and the 100 individual birth countries. Adjusted ORs of underweight, obesity as well as inadequate or excessive GWG by birth regions were estimated using multinomial logistic regression.RESULTS: There were large disparities in unhealthy BMI and GWG across birth regions. For instance, women born in North Africa and Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa had 1.40 (95% CI 1.35-1.44) and 2.13 (95% CI 2.03-2.23) higher odds of obesity compared with women born in Sweden. However, women born in Sub-Saharan Africa had also considerably higher odds of underweight (OR, 2.93 [95% CI 2.70-3.18]) and inadequate GWG (OR, 1.97 [95% CI 1.87-2.07]). The limitations of the study include the lack of a validated measure of acculturation and that the study only had data on first-generation migration.CONCLUSIONS: The large differences across the 7 regions and 100 countries highlights the importance of considering birth region and country-specific risks of unhealthy BMI and GWG in first-generation migrant women. Furthermore, inadequate GWG was common among pregnant first-generation migrant women, especially in women born in Sub-Saharan Africa, which demonstrates the need to promote adequate GWG, not only the avoidance of excessive GWG. Thus, our findings also indicate that additional support and interventions may be needed for first-generation migrant women from certain birth regions and countries in order to tackle the observed disparities in unhealthy BMI and GWG. Although further studies are needed, our results are useful for identifying groups of women at increased risk of unhealthy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy.
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| 65. |
- Henriksson, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Self-Rated Health in Migrant and Non-Migrant Women before, during and after Pregnancy : A Population-Based Study of 0.5 Million Pregnancies from the Swedish Pregnancy Register
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 9:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-rated health is a strong health marker. Migrants have been suggested to have poorer self-rated health than non-migrants (i.e., native-born). However, little is known about whether there are disparities in self-reported health in relation to pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine the odds of poor self-rated health before, during and after pregnancy in migrant women as compared to women born in Sweden. We utilized population-based data from the Swedish Pregnancy Register containing 0.5 million women born in Sweden (i.e., non-migrant women) and migrant women between 2010 and 2018. Self-rated health was reported on a 5-point scale (from very poor to very good). Very poor and poor health were categorized as poor self-rated health. Logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios (ORs) that were unadjusted and adjusted for covariates (age, parity, educational attainment and body mass index). The results demonstrate disparities in self-rated health across birth regions. In comparison to women born in Sweden, women born in Latin America and the Caribbean, South Asia as well as North Africa and the Middle East had consistently higher odds of poor self-rated health before, during and after pregnancy (ORs ranging from 1.14 to 1.96 in both unadjusted and adjusted models). Although women born in Sub-Saharan Africa did have comparable self-rated health as to women born in Sweden before pregnancy, after accounting for covariates, they had lower odds of poor self-rated health during and after pregnancy (ORs: 0.71 and 0.80 respectively). Therefore, additional measures and support may be needed to tackle disparities in health between migrant and non-migrant women before, during and after pregnancy.
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| 66. |
- Holmgren, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Are perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) getting larger or smaller in Swedish lakes?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ecology of Freshwater Fish. - : Wiley. - 0906-6691 .- 1600-0633. ; 32, s. 735-749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Space-for-time approaches are often used to indicate current or future changes over time. A European gillnet standard facilitates spatial-scale comparisons of fish communities in European lakes. Fish size was generally lower and densities higher in warmer lakes, but less is known about trends over decadal time scales. We analysed the size of European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in 2121 Swedish lakes sampled during 1996–2021. The aim was to test whether size changed over time, and whether trends were similar in southern and northern regions. We analysed mean length and occurrence or relative abundance of size classes from the smallest (<100 mm) to the largest individuals (≥350 mm), and length at 1 and 5 years. The large data set was used to find general trends over time within regions, and within-lake trends were tested for 40 time-series lakes. The mean length of perch decreased in the southern and increased in the northern region. The proportion of the smallest perch increased in the southern, but not in the northern region. The most general trend was an increasing occurrence and proportion of the largest-sized perch in both regions in the large dataset. The average trends in the southern region of the large dataset also appeared as predominant trends within time-series lakes, although opposite trends occurred within some lakes in each region. This study also revealed that perch size at age 1 often increased within lakes over time, while more variable trends were found for size at age 5. The duration of the growth season has generally increased during the time frame of the present study, while other changes may differ between lakes in the same region. We recommend more studies based on time series of fish monitoring, including studies on possible reasons for the increased occurrence of very large perch in Swedish lakes.
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| 67. |
- Holmgren, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
-
Effekter av kalkning på fisk i sjöar : Resultat av 48 års nätprovfisken
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under 1970- och 1980-talen upptäcktes biologiska effekter av surt nedfall i sjöar och vattendrag i Sverige och i andra länder. Resultat från nätprovfisken under samma tid visade att försurningen gav upphov till effekter på fisk, till exempel rekryteringsproblem, minskat antal (minskad abundans) och förlust av fiskarter. Då inleddes också kalkning av många av de sjöar som fortfarande kalkas idag. I en del sjöar utfördes nätprovfisken både före och efter kalkning, och i flera fall rapporterades återupptagen rekrytering hos surhetskänsliga fiskarter efter kalkning. Samtidigt ökade antalet kalkade vatten snabbare än biologisk uppföljning av utförda åtgärder. Flertalet sjöar kalkades utan att föregås av inventering av fiskfaunan, och många provfiskades först efter påbörjad kalkning.Kalkningsuppgifter och vattenkemidata inhämtades från länsstyrelserna och kopplades till olika urval av provfiskade sjöar i den nationella databasen över sjöprovfisken. Totalt omfattar utvärderingen 4 292 provfisken från 1 343 kalkade sjöar och 2 190 provfisken från 698 okalkade sjöar. Med utgångspunkt från pH och alkalinitet klassades okalkade sjöar som sura, neutrala eller kalkrika. Det vanligaste biologiska motivet för kalkning var mört. De näst vanligaste motiven var öring och röding, men även abborre, gös, nors, sik och siklöja förekom som motiv för kalkning.Nuvarande standardnät fångar små och unga fiskar mer effektivt än de översiktsnät som användes på 1970-och 1980-talen, vilket försvårar tolkningen av fiskfaunans långsiktiga utveckling i såväl kalkade som okalkade sjöar. I provfisken med nuvarande standardnät var den ekologiska statusen (via två multimetriska fiskindex) högre i kalkade än i sura sjöar, men värdena för det surhetsspecifika indexet var lägre i kalkade än i neutrala sjöar.Med data från nuvarande standardnät undersökte vi också fiskvariabler i relation till medel-pH under tre år före provfisket. I analyserna ingick abundans och biomassa, multimetriska fiskindex samt storleks-och åldersbaserade mått relaterade till rekrytering av mört och abborre. Fiskvariablerna visade väntad respons i relation till pH i okalkade sjöar, men i kalkade sjöar hade fiskvariablerna svagare eller inte signifikanta samband med pH. Det kan finnas flera orsaker till detta.I denna rapport försöker vi också belysa flera fisk-och kalkningsrelaterade frågor som inte direkt kunde besvaras med befintliga data. Det var frågor om skillnader i biologisk respons mellan direktkalkade sjöar och sjöar med enbart uppströms kalkning, skillnader mellan överkalkning och normalkalkning, samt effekten av ytliga surstötar.
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| 68. |
- Janlöv, Ann-Christin, et al.
(författare)
-
Care managers' view of family influence on needs assessment of older people
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 1471-6712 .- 0283-9318. ; 25:2, s. 243-252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research has shown that families experience poor involvement in needs assessment of older people while little is known about municipal care managers' views of family participation. The aim was to explore how municipal care managers view families' participation in and influence on needs assessment of older people receiving public home help. Individual interviews (n = 26) were conducted with care managers (n = 5) about their previously conducted needs assessments (n = 5-6). As a complement, a focus group interview with care managers (n = 9) from nine different municipalities was conducted. All interviews were analysed using a qualitative content analysis. The results revealed the overarching category, 'Having to establish boundaries towards family influence and at the same time use them as a resource', which encompassed five principal categories. How family participation was viewed and handled during the needs assessment process seemed determined by the way care managers set boundaries for their professional responsibility. Their views revealed both distancing and strengthening attitudes. The distancing attitude dominated, in particular towards family members who were not perceived as having any legal rights to be considered, even though their participation was an important resource. To follow legislation and municipal guidelines of allocation of public home help to avoid reprimands caused a need for self-protection. The care managers seemed pressed by demands from organizations and families, and in this competition, the family lost out. Adherence to organizational developed patterns of handling legislation and guidelines were prioritized. Because family members often are older and assist in providing care, family participation in the needs assessment of older help recipients needs further societal support.
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| 69. |
- Janlöv, Ann-Christin, et al.
(författare)
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Family members' experience of participation in the needs assessment when their older next of kin becomes in need of public home help: An interview study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-491X .- 0020-7489. ; 43:8, s. 1033-1046
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The policy that older people should be able live in their own homes in spite of extensive care and social service needs means that close family members are increasingly involved in help provision. Ways must be found to facilitate their situation. Their participation in the needs assessment of their next of kin may be crucial. Objectives The aim of the study was to illuminate close family members’ experience of having an older next of kin becoming in need of public home help, their participation in the needs assessment procedure and the decisions about their next of kins’ public home help. Participants The sample was 27 close family members (mean age 63, range 42–93 years) chosen by their older needs-assessed next of kin. Methods An interview using a thematic interview guide formed an everyday dialogue jointly constructed by the interviewer and the interviewee. Thereafter an interpretative content analysis was conducted on the transcribed interviews. Results One overarching category was illuminated: “Feeling disconfirmed or confirmed in the needs assessment, when feeling pressed by the responsibility and struggling to balance the needs of the family.” Four principal categories with sub-categories were derived: (1) Experiencing existential ruminations and the need to help. (2) Help giving and receiving as a difficult balance between needs. (3) Feeling overlooked or acknowledged as having an influence on the needs assessment. (4) Hopes about the home help being fulfilled or dashed. Conclusion The findings imply that the main focus is on the help seeker, overlooking the contribution of family members representing and providing help. A more holistic needs assessment approach is required with a framework and working methods that involve and support the family as a whole.
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| 70. |
- Janlöv, Ann-Christin, et al.
(författare)
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Older persons' experience of being assessed for and receiving public home help: do they have any influence over it?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Health & Social Care in the Community. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0410 .- 1365-2524. ; 14:1, s. 26-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this qualitative study was to explore older persons' experience of participation in and influence on decisions about public home help/care when undergoing needs assessment and receiving public home help. A purposive sample of 28 home help recipients over the age of 75 were selected. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews. A content analysis revealed one overarching category: 'Having to be satisfied, adjust, and walk a fine line when balancing between needs and available help'; and three principal categories: Balancing the comfort and guilt – receiving help from the family at the limits of their capacity; 'A necessary evil'– balancing feelings and resources against having no choice but to accept; Incorporating the home help into daily life to gain a sense of continuity. The findings indicate that older persons have difficulties coping and adapting to their new life situation and have no actual influence over the decisions about their home help. The officer told them what was available. This implies a need to pay attention to the frail persons' mental state in the needs assessment and to ensure adequate understanding of information. Further, it suggests that the needs assessment and the home help officer should to a larger extent focus on individual needs as a whole, involve and encourage the older person to strengthen his or her sense of being in control.
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