| 81. |
|
|
| 82. |
- Helsing, Bo, 1966-
(författare)
-
Violence in Close Relationships, Sexual Risk taking, and Help-seeking among Young Men
- 2020
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In close relationships and through sexual intimacy, most adolescents and young adults have opportunities to develop the ability to experience emo-tional intimacy and trust. This thesis focuses on problematic phenomena that can occur in these situations. Study I addressed limitations in the literature on dating violence concerning prevalence rates, dynamic risk factors, and the effectiveness of intervention programs. The results showed that preva-lence ratings of physical dating violence ranged between 10% and 20%, and that psychological/emotional violence is the most frequently experienced type of abuse. Peer influence was found to be an important risk factor for dating violence. Interventions were found to have short-term positive effects on behavioral change. In Study II, 88 adolescents participated in focus group sessions. The aim was to determine the extent to which a universal set of themes about dating violence could represent adolescents’ attitudes, as part of a study across four European countries. The study identified four superor-dinate themes: gender roles, television as an educator, perceived severity, and the decision to seek help. Study III, concerning sexual risk-taking, in-volved a survey of young men (N=452) who were testing for sexually trans-mitted infections (STIs). Results revealed that the young men had a relative-ly high average number of partners (3.8) with whom they had had unprotect-ed sex i.e., they had done so at some point in the past. In addition, almost a fifth of them were reluctant to use a condom due to erection difficulties. A relatively high proportion had been subjected to sexual coercion (14.7%). Study IV explored 30 young men’s descriptions of how members of their social networks had influenced them to seek psychological help. Results showed that young men were influenced by their networks mainly through exhortation and drawing attention to their needs. Friends who were role models were especially influential in helping them overcome obstructive masculinity norms and move from reluctance toward more constructive atti-tudes regarding help-seeking. This thesis focuses on young men’s experi-ences with relationship violence, as well as their sexual and psychological health needs, all of which have clinical implications.
|
|
| 83. |
- Henry, Alastair, 1963-
(författare)
-
L3 Motivation
- 2012
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis was to study secondary school students' motivation to learn a second foreign language in addition to English. In addition to the empirical investigation of L3 motivation over a program of study and the testing of the widely-held assumption that L2 English impacts negatively on L3 motivation, the aim was also to contribute to the conceptual development of self-based motivation theory by examining the evolution and development of language-speaking/using selves, and by addressing the issue of interference between different self-guides. In Studies I and II the L3 motivational trajectories of two samples of secondary school students (n=532, n=169) were mapped across grades 4 – 6 (Study I) and grades 6 – 9 (Study II), with a particular focus on differences in the trajectories of girls' and boys' ideal language-speaking/using selves. The results of Studies I and II revealed a pattern where initial gender differences, although remaining stable after a year of learning, thereafter follow different developmental paths. While boys' ideal L3 selves declined by the end of grade 9, girls' ideal L3 selves became stronger. Although a similar pattern was found for L2 English selves, the gender gap here was not as marked. In Study III the hypothesis that, as a result of negative cross-referencing between ideal L2 and ideal L3 selves, L2 English would have a negative effect on L3 motivation was tested in a sample of 9th grade students (n= 101). Analysis of the data indicates that students are aware of the ideal L2 English self in L3 learning situations and support was found for the hypothesised negative effect on L3 motivation, with the impact being stronger among boys. In Study IV the hypothesised processes of negative cross-referencing were examined in a series of in-depth interviews with four participants selected using a maximum variation sampling strategy. Analysis of the data revealed that when cross-referencing takes place, some students seem to invoke counteracting resources. In the discussion of the findings it is suggested that, rather than interference, competition may provide a conceptually more coherent descriptor of the processes of cognition that take place in the working self-concept when more than one possible language self is active. The implications of the findings for theoretical development are discussed in relation to both qualitative applications of the L2 Motivational Self System (Dörnyei, 2005), and the proposed ID component in the Dynamic Model of Multilingualism (Herdina & Jessner, 2002). Finally, the educational implications of the findings are discussed and a series of proposals for classroom interventions are put forward
|
|
| 84. |
- Hjalmarsson, Marie, 1961-
(författare)
-
Lojalitet och motstånd : anställdas agerande i ett föränderligt hemtjänstarbete
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aims to shed light on the dynamics and the complexity in the relationship between power and resistance in labour, from an employee-perspective. This is done by describing and analyzing how a group of employees in municipal home help services interpret and make use of their possibilities to act in relation to a process of change, initiated by the management, involving new technology. Hand-held computers were implemented by the management and the home helps were supposed to use them to register their daily work performance. A theoretical framework based on power and resistance in accordance with Michel Foucault and Jon McKenzie, together with Ackroyd & Thompson’s concept of self-organization, is used. The study has an ethnographic approach. The empirical material is based on a combination of participant observation, interviews and document analysis. Two major periods of observations were conducted. The first period focused on understanding the work performance and its routines. During the second period, the use of (or rather attempts to use) the hand-held computers was in focus. The interviews with 11 home helps focused on the meaning and content of their work with regards to work performance, skills and knowledge, possibilities and limitations and their opinions of the ICT project. Five management representatives, a local councillor, a software consultant and a union representative were also interviewed in order to grasp a management perspective. The results show a pattern in the actions of the home helps. It is a rational way of acting where adaptability, responsibility and reliability permeate thoughts and actions. It functions as a premise for how the home helps interpret their possibilities to act at work. They address their loyalty in several directions: to the care recipients, but also to their colleagues, to the management and to the organization as such. This rationality of loyalty is reproduced by the home helps but also by the management. The home helps are to a certain extent aware of the loyalties in their actions and every so often they use them in a conscious way. They reflect on how strong the loyalty should be and towards whom or what it should be directed. The actions of the home helps at work in general and in relation to the ICT project in particular is characterised by loyalty and consent rather than by formal resistance. The home helps don’t show any formal resistance but they do self-organization. They strive towards a relative autonomy and to maintain their dignity. This way of acting is however related to the rationality of loyalty that has a regulating influence on their informal resistance. Despite the limited and informal character of the self-organization of the home helps, it can be considered subversive. It has a possibility of undermining the exercise of power and it creates an alternative professional identity to the one offered by the management
|
|
| 85. |
|
|
| 86. |
|
|
| 87. |
- Hwang, Philip, 1950-
(författare)
-
Family policies and practices
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Seminar presentation at Life Puzzle – How to Combine Family and Working Life More Equally, organized by the Swedish Institute and the Swedish Embassy in Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, May 22.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 88. |
|
|
| 89. |
- Hwang, Philip, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
-
Inledning och översikt
- 2020. - 2
-
Ingår i: Ungdomar och identitet. - Stockholm : Natur och kultur. - 9789127827738 ; , s. 13-22
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 90. |
|
|
