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Sökning: WFRF:(Magnusson G)

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301.
  • Brannmark, C., et al. (författare)
  • Increased Adipogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Polycaprolactone Fiber Matrices
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203 .- 1932-6203. ; 9:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • With accelerating rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes world-wide, interest in studying the adipocyte and adipose tissue is increasing. Human adipose derived stem cells differentiated to adipocytes in vitro - are frequently used as a model system for white adipocytes, as most of their pathways and functions resemble mature adipocytes in vivo. However, these cells are not completely like in vivo mature adipocytes. Hosting the cells in amore physiologically relevant environment compared to conventional two-dimensional cell culturing on plastic surfaces, can produce spatial cues that drive the cells towards a more mature state. We investigated the adipogenesis of adipose derived stem cells on electro spun polycaprolactone matrices and compared functionality to conventional two-dimensional cultures as well as to human primary mature adipocytes. To assess the degree of adipogenesis we measured cellular glucose-uptake and lipolysis and used a range of different methods to evaluate lipid accumulation. We compared the averaged results from a whole population with the single cell characteristics - studied by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy - to gain a comprehensive picture of the cell phenotypes. In adipose derived stem cells differentiated on a polycaprolactone-fiber matrix; an increased sensitivity in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was detected when cells were grown on either aligned or random matrices. Furthermore, comparing differentiation of adipose derived stem cells on aligned polycaprolactone-fiber matrixes, to those differentiated in two-dimensional cultures showed, an increase in the cellular lipid accumulation, and hormone sensitive lipase content. In conclusion, we propose an adipocyte cell model created by differentiation of adipose derived stem cells on aligned polycaprolactone-fiber matrices which demonstrates increased maturity, compared to 2D cultured cells.
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305.
  • Caër, Charles, et al. (författare)
  • TREM-1+ Macrophages Define a Pathogenic Cell Subset in the Intestine of Crohn's Disease Patients
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Crohn's & colitis. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1876-4479 .- 1873-9946. ; 15:8, s. 1346-1361
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Uncontrolled activation of intestinal mononuclear phagocytes [MNPs] drives chronic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 [TREM-1] has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD. However, the role of TREM-1+ cell subsets in driving IBD pathology and the link with clinical parameters are not understood. We investigated TREM-1 expression in human intestinal MNP subsets and examined blocking TREM-1 as a potential IBD therapy. METHODS: TREM-1 gene expression was analysed in intestinal mucosa, enriched epithelial and lamina propria [LP] layers, and purified cells from controls and IBD patients. TREM-1 protein on immune cells was assessed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. Blood monocyte activation was examined by large-scale gene expression using a TREM-1 agonist or LP conditioned media [LP-CM] from patients in the presence or absence of TREM-1 and tumour necrosis factor [TNF] antagonist antibodies. RESULTS: TREM-1 gene expression increases in intestinal mucosa from IBD patients and correlates with disease score. TREM-1+ cells, which are mainly immature macrophages and CD11b+ granulocytes, increase among LP cells from Crohn's disease patients and their frequency correlates with inflammatory molecules in LP-CM. LP-CM from Crohn's disease patients induces an inflammatory transcriptome in blood monocytes, including increased IL-6 expression, which is reduced by simultaneous blocking of TREM-1 and TNF. CONCLUSIONS: High intestinal TREM-1 expression, reflecting a high frequency of TREM-1+ immature macrophages and TREM-1+CD11b+ granulocytes, is linked to the deleterious inflammatory microenvironment in IBD patients. Therefore, blocking the TREM-1 pathway, especially simultaneously with anti-TNF therapy, has potential as a new IBD therapy.
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306.
  • Carlbring, Per, et al. (författare)
  • Treat your social anxiety disorder with this gamified smartphone app
  • 2016
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common debilitating mental illness with large negative effects on quality of life and economic productivity. Modern psychotherapy treatments utilizing cognitive–behavioral theory are increasingly delivered over the Internet and more recently using smartphone applications. The Challenger App written natively for the Apple iPhone was developed at the Stockholm University Department of Psychology for the treatment of SAD and uses a number of advanced features not previously seen in past mental health applications; these include real-time location awareness, notifications, anonymous social interaction between users, a high-degree of personalization and use of gamification techniques.Method: A total of 209 participants with a primary diagnosis of SAD were randomized to one of three groups: 1) Self-help book, 2) Self-help book + the Challenger app, or 3) waitlist. The treatment period lasted 6 weeks. Primary outcome measure was Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale self- report (LSAS-SR). Also included where the Quality of Life Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Outcome was analyzed according to the intention to treat principle.Results: Both treatment groups were superior to the waitlist. On the main outcome measure (LSAS-SR) the effect size for the waitlist was Cohens d=0.14. The group that received the self-help book with the addition of the Challenger app was significantly superior (d=1.0) to just reading the self- help book (d=0.61). Participants requited by way of Newspaper advertisement were more likely to reach high end-state functioning (OR=4.1) and the same was true for participants without prior psychological treatment history as compared with having a previous experience (OR=4.4).Conclusion: Adding the smartphone app is a cost effective way of improving the outcome when treating SAD with a self-help book.
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