| 111. |
- Hernell, Olle, 1945-
(författare)
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Iron in Infacy and Childhood
- 2010
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Ingår i: Annales Nestlé. - Basel : Nestlé Nutrition Institute, Karger. ; 68:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Iron requirements in late infancy are higher than during any other period in life. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in children worldwide. It is estimated that close to 50% of preschool children are anemic globally, and most of these children are anemic due to iron deficiency. Much new information has been published in the last decade on requirements, metabolism, physiological and neurodevelopmental effects of iron as well as of iron deficiency. The challenges to define strategies for prevention, treatment by managing the risk of adverse effects of too much iron given to iron-replete individuals remain. This issue of the Annales is therefore dedicated to the topic "Iron Deficiency in Infancy and Childhood".
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| 112. |
- Hernell, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Milk Fat Globule Membranes : Effects on Microbiome, Metabolome, and Infections in Infants and Children
- 2020
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Ingår i: Milk, Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome. - : S. Karger. - 9783318066852 - 9783318066845 ; , s. 133-140
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dietary supplementation with bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) concentrates has recently emerged as a possible means to improve the health of infants and young children, or defense against infections. We identified 5 double-blind, randomized, controlled trials (DBRCT) exploring the effects of supplementing the diet of infants and children with bovine MFGM concentrates on infections. We reviewed 3 studies which found a protective effect against infections at different ages during infancy and early childhood. Two of them have reported effects on the metabolome, and 1 study also on the microbiome and lipidome. MFGM supplementation had moderate, albeit interesting, effects on the oral and fecal microbiome, fecal and serum/plasma metabolome, and serum and erythrocyte membrane lipidome, which also are reviewed. We conclude that studies on MFGM supplementation during infancy and childhood indicate positive effects on the defense against infections and other outcomes, but more high-quality DBRCTs with well-defined MFGM fractions and outcome measures are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.
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| 113. |
- Hernell, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Physiological Effects of Feeding Infants and Young Children Formula Supplemented with Milk Fat Globule Membranes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Human Milk. - : S. Karger. ; , s. 35-42
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dietary supplementation with bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) concentrates has recently emerged as a possible means to improve the health of infants and young children. Formula-fed infants are of special interest since infant formulas traditionally have lower concentrations of biologically active MFGM components than human milk. We identified 6 double-blind randomized controlled trials (DBRCT) exploring the effects of supplementing the diet of infants and children with bovine MFGM concentrates. Two studies found a positive effect on cognitive development in formula-fed infants. Three studies found a protective effect against infections at different ages during infancy and early childhood. We conclude that supplementation with MFGM during infancy and childhood appears safe, and the studies indicate positive effects on both neurodevelopment and defense against infections, especially in formula-fed infants. However, due to the small number of studies and the heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes, more high-quality DBRCTs are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn on the likely health benefits of MFGM supplementation to infants and children.
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| 114. |
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| 115. |
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| 116. |
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| 117. |
- Holgerson, Pernilla L, et al.
(författare)
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Oral microbial profile discriminates breast-fed from formula-fed infants
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN. - 0277-2116 .- 1536-4801. ; 56:2, s. 127-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Little is known about the effect of diet on the oral microbiota of infants, although diet is known to affect the gut microbiota. The aims of the present study were to compare the oral microbiota in breast-fed and formula-fed infants, and investigate growth inhibition of streptococci by infant-isolated lactobacilli.Methods: A total of 207 mothers consented to participation of their 3-month-old infants. A total of 146 (70.5%) infants were exclusively and 38 (18.4%) partially breast-fed, and 23 (11.1%) were exclusively formula-fed. Saliva from all of their infants was cultured for Lactobacillus species, with isolate identifications from 21 infants. Lactobacillus isolates were tested for their ability to suppress Streptococcus mutans and S sanguinis. Oral swabs from 73 infants were analysed by the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM) and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for Lactobacillus gasseri.Results: Lactobacilli were cultured from 27.8% of exclusively and partially breast-fed infants, but not from formula-fed infants. The prevalence of 14 HOMIM-detected taxa, and total salivary lactobacilli counts differed by feeding method. Multivariate modelling of HOMIM-detected bacteria and possible confounders clustered samples from breast-fed infants separately from formula-fed infants. The microbiota of breast-fed infants differed based on vaginal or C-section delivery. Isolates of L plantarum, L gasseri, and L vaginalis inhibited growth of the cariogenic S mutans and the commensal S sanguinis: L plantarum >L gasseri >L vaginalis.Conclusions: The microbiota of the mouth differs between 3-month-old breast-fed and formula-fed infants. Possible mechanisms for microbial differences observed include species suppression by lactobacilli indigenous to breast milk.
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| 118. |
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| 119. |
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