| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Berglund, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Responsibilising the next generation : Fostering the enterprising self through de-mobilising gender
- 2017
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Ingår i: Organization. - : Sage Publications. - 1350-5084 .- 1461-7323. ; 34:6, s. 892-915
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, our interest is in what subjectivities are fostered among schoolchildren through the recent introduction of entrepreneurship initiatives in primary and secondary school. The educational terrain is but one example where entrepreneurship has been discursively transformed during recent decades from the notion of starting businesses into a general approach to life itself in the advancement of neoliberal societies. The inherently elitist and excluding position of the entrepreneurial subject is now offered to all and sundry. While entrepreneurship pedagogy is explicitly intended to be gender neutral and inclusive of all such identities traditionally suppressed in the entrepreneurship discourse, we ask what kind of enterprising selves are mobilised and de-mobilised here. Second, in what way are these seemingly ‘gender-neutral’ enterprising selves gendered? Our analysis of three recent and dominating entrepreneurial initiatives in the Swedish school system emphasises the need for activation, performativity and responsibility. The analysis also shows that gender is indeed silenced in these initiatives but is at the same time productive through being subtly present in the promotion of a ‘neo-masculine’, active, technology-oriented and responsible subject. Entrepreneurship is presented as being equally available for all and something everyone should aspire to, yet the initiatives still sustain the suppression and marginalisation of women and femininities. The initiatives specifically promote a responsible and adaptive masculine subject position while notions of rebellious entrepreneurship and non-entrepreneurial domestic positions are mobilised out of the picture.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Berglund, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The worthy human being as prosuming subject : ‘Projectified selves’ in emancipatory project studies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Project Management Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 8756-9728 .- 1938-9507. ; 51:4, s. 367-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The projectified self is suggested in this article as a way to advance emancipatory project studies toward improved understandings of how individuals in contemporary neoliberal societies are urged to become self-controlling, self-improving, self-commercializing, life-compartmentalizing, and deadline driven. We propose (1) a developed theoretical foundation for studies of the projectified self, based on recent writings on enterprising selves, and (2) the notion of prosumption as a concept for how the worthiness of this projectified self is constructed in a simultaneous process of project-based production and consumption. This is discussed in relation to the on-going studies of social media entrepreneurs.
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| 15. |
- Berglund, Maria, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of mRNA levels for matrix molecules and TGF-B1 in rabbit flexor and peroneus tendons reveals regional differences in steady-state expression
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery - British and European Volume. - : SAGE Publications. - 0266-7681 .- 1532-2211. ; 29:2, s. 165-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analysed the differences on a molecular level between two segments of the deep flexor tendon, and compared the intrasynovial flexor tendon with the tendon sheath and the extrasynovial peroneus tendon in a rabbit model. The TRIspin method of RNA extraction was combined with the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to assess mRNA levels in the tissue segments. Significant differences were detected for all genes studied. mRNA levels for aggrecan, biglycan and collagen III were significantly higher in the fibrocartilaginous proximal segment of the flexor tendon. Collagen I was higher in the flexor tendon than the sheath and the peroneus tendon, and TGF-beta1 was significantly lower in the peroneus tendon. This study demonstrates differences at the mRNA level between different segments of tendon, indicating that the tendon tissue may be adapted to its environment.
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| 16. |
- Berglund, Maria, 1975-
(författare)
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Biomolecular Aspects of Flexor Tendon Healing
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Flexor tendon injuries in zone II of the hand (i.e. between the distal volar crease and the distal interphalangeal joint) can be costly for both the afflicted individual and society because of the high cost of a long rehabilitation period, complicated by tendon ruptures or scarring with adhesion formation, causing impaired range of motion. The aim of the present thesis was to characterize more fully the deep flexor tendon, the tendon sheath and their response to injury in a rabbit model in order to find potential targets to improve the outcome of repair. The intrasynovial rabbit deep flexor tendon differed from the extrasynovial peroneus tendon in the expression of collagens and transforming growth factor-β1 gene expression. Differences were also found in collagen III and proteoglycans between regions of the flexor tendon subjected to either compressive or tensile load. After laceration and subsequent repair of the flexor tendon, a shift in collagen gene expression from type I to type III occurred. Proteoglycans were generally increased with the notable exception of decorin, a potential inhibitor of the profibrotic transforming growth factor-β1 which was markedly increased during the first two weeks after repair in tendon tissue but remained unaltered in the sheaths. Both vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA levels remained essentially unaltered, whereas insulin-like growth factor-1 increased later in the healing process, suggesting potential beneficial effects of exogenous addition, increasing tendon strength through stimulating tenocyte proliferation and collagen synthesis. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 mRNA levels increased and remained high in both tendon and sheath, whereas there was only a transient increase of matrix metalloproteinase-3 mRNA in tendon. We could also demonstrate a significant increase of the proportion of myofibroblasts, mast cells and neuropeptide containing nerve fibers in the healing tendon tissue, all components of the profibrotic myofibroblast-mast cell-neuropeptide pathway.
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| 17. |
- Berglund, Maria, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Growth Factor and Protease Expression during Different Phases of Healing after Rabbit Deep Flexor Tendon Repair
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Orthopaedic Research. - : Wiley. - 0736-0266 .- 1554-527X. ; 29:6, s. 886-892
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to contribute to the mapping of molecular events during flexor tendon healing, in particular the growth factors insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3 and MMP-13) and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMP-1 and TIMP-3, and the protease cathepsin K. In a rabbit model of flexor tendon injury, the mRNA expression for the growth factors, MMPs and TIMPs were measured in tendon and tendon sheath tissue at several time points (3, 6, 21, and 42 days) representing different phases of the healing process. We found that MMP-13 remained increased during the study period, whereas MMP-3 returned to normal levels within the first week after injury. TIMP-3 was down-regulated in the tendon sheaths. Cathepsin K was up-regulated in tendons and sheaths after injury. NGF was present in both tendons and sheaths, but unaltered. IGF-1 exhibited a late increase in the tendons, while VEGF was down-regulated at the later time points. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the presence of NGF in flexor tendons. MMP-13 expression appears to play a more protracted role in flexor tendon healing than MMP-3. The relatively low levels of endogenous IGF-1 and VEGF mRNA following injury support their potential beneficial role as exogenous modulators to optimize tendon healing and strength without increasing adhesion formation.
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| 18. |
- Berglund, Maria, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Neuropeptide, mast cell and myofibroblast expression after rabbit deep flexor tendon repair
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery-American Volume. - : Elsevier BV. - 0363-5023 .- 1531-6564. ; 35:11, s. 1842-1849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Increased numbers of myofibroblasts, mast cells, and neuropeptide-containing nerve fibers have been found in a number of fibrotic processes in connective tissues. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of factors implicated in a hypothesized profibrotic neuropeptide-mast cell-myofibroblast pathway in deep flexor tendon healing. METHODS: In a rabbit model of flexor tendon injury, with repair of the sharply transected deep flexor tendon using a modified Kessler and a running circumferential peripheral suture, segments of flexor tendons and sheaths were analyzed. The time points chosen-3, 6, 21, and 42 days after tendon repair-represent different stages in tendon healing. The messenger RNA levels of transforming growth factor-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin were measured with conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the numbers of myofibroblasts, mast cells, and neuropeptide-containing nerve fibers were determined with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The messenger RNA levels for transforming growth factor-β1 and the myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin were significantly increased in deep flexor tendons after injury and repair, at all studied time points, but remained unchanged or even down-regulated in the sheaths. Myofibroblasts, mast cells, and neuropeptide-containing nerve fibers all increased significantly in the healing tendons, exhibiting similar patterns of change in percentages of total cell number over time, reaching levels resembling that of the tendon sheaths with 33% to 50% of the total cell population. CONCLUSIONS: After injury to the deep flexor tendon in a rabbit model, the proportion of myofibroblasts, mast cells, and neuropeptide-containing nerve fibers increases significantly. These findings support the hypothesis that the profibrotic neuropeptide-mast cell-myofibroblast pathway is activated in deep flexor tendon healing.
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| 19. |
- Berglund, Maria, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of mRNA expression for matrix molecules and growth factors in flexor tendon injury : differences in the regulation between tendon and tendon sheath
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery-American Volume. - : Elsevier BV. - 0363-5023 .- 1531-6564. ; 31A:8, s. 1279-1287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Injuries to tendons, particularly flexor tendons, can lead to loss of function after healing due to adhesion formation and other complications. The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of the healing process in tendons and tendon sheaths to develop methods to affect the healing process and improve the outcome of tendon repair in the future. METHODS: In a rabbit model of flexor tendon injury, tissues were harvested 3, 6, 12, and 24 days after surgery (n = 6 for each group). After RNA extraction, messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for relevant genes in tendon and tendon sheaths were measured using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Messenger RNA levels for a subset of relevant molecules at different time points after injury were compared with those of uninjured controls for tendons and tendon sheaths. RESULTS: Initially after injury, there was a shift in collagen expression with a marked increase in type III mRNA levels in both the tendon and tendon sheath, whereas those for collagen I increased only in the sheath at later time points. Aggrecan and versican mRNA levels were increased in both tissues, but temporal aspects of the changes were different. The mRNA levels for biglycan and lumican were all upregulated throughout the healing interval examined, whereas those for decorin were significantly decreased throughout in the tendon more so than the sheath. The mRNA levels for basic fibroblastic growth factor and transforming growth factor beta were elevated after injury in the tendon but not in the sheath. In contrast, mRNA levels for connective tissue growth factor were unaltered or decreased in both tissues throughout the interval assessed. CONCLUSIONS: Healing after injury to the rabbit flexor tendon and tendon sheath follow a reproducible pattern of gene expression; however, the pattern in the tendon is very different from that in the sheath. These findings indicate that interventions developed to improve healing of these tissues will have to address these differences, because they will likely affect the outcomes.
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| 20. |
- Berglund, Maria, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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The inflammatory response and hyaluronan synthases in the rabbit flexor tendon and tendon sheath following injury
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery: European Volume. - : SAGE Publications. - 1753-1934 .- 2043-6289. ; 32:5, s. 581-587
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a rabbit model of flexor tendon injury, mRNA levels for a subset of relevant molecules involved in inflammatory and fibrotic processes were assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction 3, 6, 12 and 24 days after injury. Increased levels of COX-2, IL-1beta, MMP-13 and TIMP-1 mRNA were detected in both tendon and tendon sheath following injury, with each molecule exhibiting tissue and time-dependent changes. MMP-13 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels were markedly upregulated in both tissues, whereas COX-2 and IL-1beta predominantly increased in tendon. Both hyaluronan synthase (HAS) 2 and 3 exhibited increases in mRNA levels in tendon tissue after injury, HAS 2 being more pronounced. These findings support the concept that healing in the flexor tendon and the sheath involve different molecular events and that each tissue may require unique modifications if healing is to be enhanced and adhesions reduced.
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