| 61. |
- Eklund, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Continuing global improvement in human papillomavirus DNA genotyping services : The 2013 and 2014 HPV LabNet international proficiency studies
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1386-6532. ; 101, s. 74-85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Accurate and internationally comparable human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection and typing services are essential for HPV vaccine research and surveillance. Objectives: This study assessed the proficiency of different HPV typing services offered routinely in laboratories worldwide. Study design: The HPV Laboratory Network (LabNet) has designed international proficiency panels that can be regularly issued. The HPV genotyping proficiency panels of 2013 and 2014 contained 43 and 41 coded samples, respectively, composed of purified plasmids of sixteen HPV types (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68a and 68b) and 3 extraction controls. Proficient typing was defined as detection in both single and multiple infections of 50 International Units of HPV 16 and HPV 18 and 500 genome equivalents for the other 14 HPV types, with at least 97% specificity. Results: Ninety-six laboratories submitted 136 datasets in 2013 and 121 laboratories submitted 148 datasets in 2014. Thirty-four different HPV genotyping assays were used, notably Linear Array, HPV Direct Flow-chip, GenoFlow HPV array, Anyplex HPV 28, Inno-LiPa, and PGMY-CHUV assays. A trend towards increased sensitivity and specificity was observed. In 2013, 59 data sets (44%) were 100% proficient compared to 86 data sets (59%) in 2014. This is a definite improvement compared to the first proficiency panel, issued in 2008, when only 19 data sets (26%) were fully proficient. Conclusion: The regularly issued global proficiency program has documented an ongoing worldwide improvement in comparability and reliability of HPV genotyping services.
|
|
| 62. |
- Eklund, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
Global Improvement in Genotyping of Human Papillomavirus DNA: the 2011 HPV LabNet International Proficiency Study.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 1098-660X. ; 52:2, s. 449-459
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate and internationally comparable human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA genotyping is essential for HPV vaccine research and for HPV surveillance. The HPV Laboratory Network (LabNet) has designed international proficiency studies that can be issued regularly and in a reproducible manner. The 2011 HPV genotyping proficiency panel contained 43 coded samples composed of purified plasmids of 16 HPV types (HPV6, -11, -16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -56, -58, -59, -66, -68a, and -68b) and 3 extraction controls. Tests that detected 50 IU of HPV16 and HPV18 and 500 genome equivalents for the other 14 HPV types in both single and multiple infections were considered proficient. Ninety-six laboratories worldwide submitted 134 data sets. Twenty-five different HPV genotyping assay methods were used, including the Linear Array, line blot/INNO-LiPA, PapilloCheck, and PCR Luminex assays. The major oncogenic HPV types, HPV16 and HPV18, were proficiently detected in 97.0% (113/116) and 87.0% (103/118) of the data sets, respectively. In 2011, 51 data sets (39%) were 100% proficient for the detection of at least one HPV type, and 37 data sets (28%) were proficient for all 16 HPV types; this was an improvement over the panel results from the 2008 and 2010 studies, when <25 data sets (23% and 19% for 2008 and 2010, respectively) were fully proficient. The improvement was also evident for the 54 laboratories that had also participated in the previous proficiency studies. In conclusion, a continuing global proficiency program has documented worldwide improvement in the comparability and reliability of HPV genotyping assay performances.
|
|
| 63. |
- Eklund, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
International collaborative proficiency study of Human Papillomavirus type 16 serology.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2518 .- 0264-410X. ; 30, s. 294-299
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed an international proficiency study of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 serology. A common methodology for serology based on virus-like particle (VLP) ELISA was used by 10 laboratories in 6 continents. The laboratories used the same VLP reference reagent, which was selected as the most stable, sensitive and specific VLP preparation out of VLPs donated from 5 different sources. A blinded proficiency panel consisting of 52 serum samples from women with PCR-verified HPV 16-infection, 11 control serum samples from virginal women and the WHO HPV 16 International Standard (IS) serum were distributed. The mean plus 3 standard deviations of the negative control serum samples was the most generally useful "cut-off" criterion for distinguishing positive and negative samples. Using sensitivity of at least 50% and a specificity of 100% as proficiency criteria, 6/10 laboratories were proficient. In conclusion, an international Standard Operating Procedure for HPV serology, an international reporting system in International Units (IU) and a common "cut-off" criterion have been evaluated in an international HPV serology proficiency study.
|
|
| 64. |
- Eklund, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
The 2010 global proficiency study of Human Papillomavirus genotyping in vaccinology.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 1098-660X. ; 50:7, s. 2289-2298
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accurate and internationally comparable Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA genotyping is essential both for evaluation of HPV vaccines and for effective monitoring and implementation of vaccination programs. World Health Organisation (WHO) HPV Laboratory Network (LabNet) regularly issues international proficiency studies. The 2010 HPV genotyping proficiency panel for HPV vaccinology contained 43 coded samples composed of purified plasmids of sixteen HPV types (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68a and 68b) and 3 coded extraction controls. Proficient typing was defined as detection in both single and multiple infections of 50 International Units (IU) of HPV 16 and HPV 18 DNA and 500 genome equivalents (GE) for the other 14 HPV types. Ninety-eight laboratories worldwide submitted a total of 132 datasets. Twenty-four different HPV genotyping assay methods were used, with Linear Array being most commonly used. Other major assays used were Lineblot/Inno-LiPa, CLART, type-specific real-time PCR, PCR-Luminex and different microarray assays. Altogether 72 data sets were proficient for detection of more than one type, only 26 data sets proficiently detected all sixteen HPV types. The major oncogenic HPV types, 16 and 18, were proficiently detected in 95.0% (114/120) and 87.0% (94/108) of datasets, respectively. Forty-six datasets reported multiple false positive results and were considered non-proficient. A trend towards increased sensitivity of assays was seen for the 41 laboratories that participated in both 2008 and 2010. In conclusion, continued global proficiency studies will be required for establishing comparable and reliable HPV genotyping services for vaccinology worldwide.
|
|
| 65. |
- Eklund, Carina, et al.
(författare)
-
The 2019 HPV Labnet international proficiency study : Need of global Human Papillomavirus Proficiency Testing
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1386-6532. ; 141, s. 104902-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:: Accurate and internationally comparable human papillomavirus (HPV) testing services are essential for cervical cancer elimination programs. The WHO HPV Laboratory Network started issuing international HPV testing proficiency panels in 2008. Objectives:: We report the results of the 2019 global proficiency study and evaluate the proficiency over time. Study design:: The proficiency panel contained 40 coded samples containing mixes of purified HPV types (HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/68a/68b) and 4 controls. Proficiency required detection of both single and multiple infections of 50 International Units of HPV 16/18, of 500 genome equivalents (10x higher concentration) for other HPV types, and no false positives (stricter requirement compared to previous panels). Results:: Seventy-eight laboratories submitted 110 datasets with 38 different assays. Most samples (38/44) were reported with 100% proficiency in most datasets. Mostly commercial assays were used (88/110 datasets). Overall, 47.3% of the datasets were 100% proficient. False positivity was detected in at least one sample in 30.1% of datasets. When analysing all datasets ever since 2008 using exactly the same proficiency criteria, there was a steady improvement up to 2017 (the proportion of datasets being completely proficient increased from 25% to 73%). However, in the 2019 proficiency testing the proportion of fully proficient datasets dropped to 50%. Conclusions:: Although we initially documented a worldwide improvement in comparability and reliability of HPV testing services, the trend now appears to be reversed. In response, the International HPV Reference Center will provide support for improved quality of laboratory services, including issuing of global proficiency panels every year.
|
|
| 66. |
- Ekström, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Cutaneous human papillomavirus 88: Remarkable differences in viral load.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 122:2, s. 477-480
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A human papillomavirus (HPV) was cloned from a patient with multiple squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and identified as HPV88, recently categorized into a new species within the genus Gamma. The HPV88 viral load in an SCC of the index patient exceeded 1 million copies/cell. By contrast, a survey of 447 skin lesions (79 actinic keratoses, 73 seborrhoeic keratoses, 169 basal cell carcinomas and 126 SCCs) and 362 healthy skin biopsies found detectable HPV88 DNA in only 7 specimens. All these had very low viral loads (<1 copy/10(3) cells) implying extreme biological variability in viral load.
|
|
| 67. |
- Ekström, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Diversity of human papillomaviruses in skin lesions
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0042-6822 .- 1096-0341. ; 447:1-2, s. 300-311
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pools of frozen biopsies from patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n=29) actinic keratosis (AK) (n=31), keratoacanthoma (n=91) and swab samples from 84 SCCs and 91 AKs were analysed with an extended HPV general primer PCR and high-throughput sequencing of amplimers. We found 273 different HPV isolates (87 known HPV types, 139 previously known HPV sequences (putative types) and 47 sequences from novel putative HPV types). Among the new sequences, five clustered in genus Betapapillomavirus and 42 in genus Gammapapillomavirus. Resequencing of the three pools between 21 to 70 times resulted in the detection of 283 different known or putative HPV types, with 156 different sequences found in only one of the pools. Type-specific PCRs for 37 putative types from an additional 296 patients found only two of these putative types. In conclusion, skin lesions contain a large diversity of HPV types, but most appeared to be rare infections. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 68. |
- Ekström, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
High throughput sequencing reveals diversity of human papillomaviruses in cutaneous lesions.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 129, s. 2643-2650
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are at least 120 completely characterized human papillomavirus (HPV) types and putative new types are continuously found. Both squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) and other skin lesions commonly contain multiple cutaneous HPV types. The objective of this study was to achieve an improved resolution of the diversity of HPV types in lesions such as SCCs, actinic keratoses (AKs) and keratoacanthomas (KAs). Fresh frozen biopsies from 37 SCC lesions, 36 AK lesions and 92 KA lesions and swab samples from the top of the lesion from 86 SCCs and 92 AKs were amplified using the general HPV primers FAP and mixed to three pools followed by high throughput sequencing. We obtained 2196 reads with homology to HPV. In the pool of SCC/AK biopsies 48 different HPV types were found. Eighty-three types were found in the pool of SCC/AK swab samples and 64 types in the KA biopsies, respectively. For 9 novel putative HPV types most of the amplimer sequence was obtained, whereas for an additional 35 novel putative HPV types only partial amplimer sequences were obtained. Most of the novel putative types belonged to the genus Gamma. In conclusion, high throughput sequencing was an effective means to identify both known and previously unknown HPV types in putatively HPV-associated lesions and has revealed an extended diversity of HPV types.
|
|
| 69. |
- Ekström, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Staphylococcus aureus and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755. ; 18:2, s. 472-478
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is a tumor with greatly increased incidence among immunosuppressed patients; therefore, an infectious cause of SCC has long been sought. We performed a hospital-based case-control study of Staphylococcus aureus and biopsies of SCC (n = 82), basal cell carcinoma (n = 142), actinic keratosis (n = 57), and seborrhoeic keratosis (n = 72) in comparison with biopsies from healthy skin of these 353 immunocompetent patients. In a S. aureus-specific PCR, targeting the nuc gene, presence of S. aureus DNA was strongly associated with SCC (29.3% positive specimens; adjusted odds ratio, 6.23; 95% confidence interval, 3.10-12.53) compared with healthy skin (5.7% positive specimens). There was also a tendency for association of S. aureus with actinic keratosis, but no association was found for basal cell carcinoma or seborrhoeic keratosis. Analysis using cotton swab samples taken on top of the lesions and from healthy skin gave similar results (adjusted odds ratio for SCC compared with healthy skin, 2.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.47-4.83). In conclusion, there is a strong association between SCC and presence of S. aureus. The study design used cannot determine whether the association implies that presence of S. aureus might influence carcinogenesis or whether it may imply that SCC has an increased susceptibility to S. aureus colonization. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(2):OF1-7).
|
|
| 70. |
- Ekström, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
-
Three novel papillomaviruses (HPV109, HPV112 and HPV114) and their presence in cutaneous and mucosal samples.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0341 .- 0042-6822. ; 397, s. 331-336
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To expand our knowledge of the genomic diversity of human papillomaviruses (HPVs), we searched for new HPVs in squamous cell carcinomas of the skin (SCC) and seemingly HPV-negative, otherwise typically HPV-associated lesions. We describe the characterization of three novel HPV types. HPV109 was isolated from an SCC, HPV112 from a condyloma and HPV114 from a low-grade cervical lesion. Pairwise alignment of the L1 sequences classified HPV114 to genus alpha species 3, whereas HPV112 defined a new species in the genus gamma. HPV109 had uncertain classification because of a low and about equal similarity in the L1 gene (between 60% and 65%) to different genera. Type-specific real-time PCRs of cervical samples, a majority from women with low grade atypical cytology, (n=2856) and various cutaneous samples (n=538), found HPV114 in 1.7% (48/2856) of the genital samples, whereas both HPV109 and 112 were rare viruses found at high viral loads only in their index samples.
|
|
