| 1. |
- Eriksson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Do Employers Use Unemployment as a Sorting Criterion When Hiring? Evidence from a Field Experiment
- 2014
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Ingår i: The American Economic Review. - : American Economic Association. - 0002-8282 .- 1944-7981. ; 104:3, s. 1014-1039
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The stigma associated with long-term unemployment spells could create large inefficiencies in labor markets. While the existing literature points toward large stigma effects, it has proven difficult to estimate causal relationships. Using data from a field experiment, we find that long-term unemployment spells in the past do not matter for employers' hiring decisions, suggesting that subsequent work experience eliminate this negative signal. Nor do employers treat contemporary short-term unemployment spells differently, suggesting that they understand that worker/firm matching takes time. However, employers attach a negative value to contemporary unemployment spells lasting at least nine months, providing evidence of stigma effects.
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| 2. |
- Lundborg, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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Height and Earnings: The Role of Cognitive and Noncognitive Skills
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Journal of human resources. - : University of Wisconsin Press. - 0022-166X .- 1548-8004. ; 49:1, s. 141-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use large-scale register data on 450,000 Swedish males who underwent mandatory military enlistment at age 18, and a subsample of 150,000 siblings, to examine why tall people earn more. We show the importance of both cognitive and noncognitive skills, as well as family background and muscular strength for the height-earnings relationship. In addition, we show that a substantial height premium remains after these factors have been accounted for, which originates from very short people having low earnings. This is mostly explained by the sorting of short people into low-paid occupations, which may indicate discrimination by stature.
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| 3. |
- Lundborg, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent health and adult labor market outcomes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-6296 .- 1879-1646. ; 37, s. 25-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whereas a large literature has shown the importance of early life health for adult socioeconomic outcomes, there is little evidence on the importance of adolescent health. We contribute to the literature by studying the impact of adolescent health status on adult labor market outcomes using a unique and large-scale dataset covering almost the entire population of Swedish males. We show that most types of major conditions have long-run effects on future outcomes, and that the strongest effects result from mental conditions. Including sibling fixed effects or twin pair fixed effects reduces the magnitudes of the estimates, but they remain substantial. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Lundborg, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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The health-schooling relationship : evidence from Swedish twins
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Population Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-1433 .- 1432-1475. ; 29:4, s. 1191-1215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health and education are known to be highly correlated, but the mechanisms behind the relationship are not well understood. In particular, there is sparse evidence on whether adolescent health may influence educational attainment. Using a large registry dataset of twins, including comprehensive information on health status at the age of 18 and later educational attainment, we investigate whether health predicts final education within monozygotic (identical) twin pairs. We find no evidence of this and conclude that health in adolescence may not have an influence on the level of schooling. Instead, raw correlations between adolescent health and schooling appear to be driven by genes and twin-pair-specific environmental factors.
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| 5. |
- Dahl, Gordon B., et al.
(författare)
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High School Majors and Future Earnings
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 15:1, s. 351-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study how high school majors affect adult earnings using a regression discontinuity design. In Sweden students are admitted to majors in tenth grade based on their preference rankings and ninth grade GPA. We find engineering, natural science, and business majors yield higher earnings than social science and humanities, with major-specific returns also varying based on next-best alternatives. There is either a zero or a negative return to completing an academic program for students with a second-best nonacademic major. Most of the differences in adult earnings can be attributed to differences in occupation, and to a lesser extent, college major.
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| 6. |
- Rooth, Dan-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Education–occupation mismatch : Is there an income penalty?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Economics of Education Review. - : Elsevier. - 0272-7757 .- 1873-7382. ; 29:6, s. 1047-1059
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper adds to the sparse literature on the consequences of education–occupation mismatches. It examines the income penalty for field of education–occupation mismatches for men and women with higher education degrees in Sweden and reveals that the penalty for such mismatches is large for both men and women. For mismatched men the income penalty is about twice as large as that found for US men, whereas for women the penalty is of about the same size as for US women. Controlling for cognitive ability further establishes that the income penalty is not caused by a sorting by ability, at least for Swedish men. The income penalty for men decreases with work experience, which is an indication that education-specific skills and work experience are substitutes to some extent.
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Job Search Methods and Wages : Are Natives and Immigrants Different?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Manchester School. - : Wiley. - 1463-6786 .- 1467-9957. ; 86:2, s. 219-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conduct a survey of newly hired workers in the Swedish labour market to analyse if there are differences between natives and immigrants in the choice of search intensity/methods and in the search method getting the job. We further investigate if the wage and other characteristics of the new job differ depending on the successful search method. We find that immigrants use all search methods more than natives, but they especially rely on informal search. Immigrants are more likely than natives to find a job using informal search through friends and relatives, and these jobs are associated with lower wages.
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| 8. |
- Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Neighborhood signaling effects, commuting time, and employment : Evidence from a field experiment
- 2018
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Ingår i: International journal of manpower. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0143-7720 .- 1758-6577. ; 39:4, s. 534-549
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there is unequal treatment in hiring depending on whether a job applicant signals living in a bad (deprived) neighborhood or in a good (affluent) neighborhood.Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducted a field experiment where fictitious job applications were sent to employers with an advertised vacancy. Each job application was randomly assigned a residential address in either a bad or a good neighborhood. The measured outcome is the fraction of invitations for a job interview (the callback rate).Findings - The authors find no evidence of general neighborhood signaling effects. However, job applicants with a foreign background have callback rates that are 42 percent lower if they signal living in a bad neighborhood rather than in a good neighborhood. In addition, the authors find that applicants with commuting times longer than 90 minutes have lower callback rates, and this is unrelated to the neighborhood signaling effect.Originality/value - Empirical evidence of causal neighborhood effects on labor market outcomes is scant, and causal evidence on the mechanisms involved is even more scant. The paper provides such evidence.
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| 9. |
- Rooth, Dan-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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The Shape of the Income Distribution and Economic Growth – Evidence from Swedish Labour Market Regions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scottish Journal of Political Economy. - : Wiley. - 0036-9292 .- 1467-9485. ; 59:2, s. 196-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze the association between income inequality and economic growth using 72 labor market regions in Sweden during the period of 1990–2006. Compared with studies of cross-country data, the regional set-up reduces problems with omitted variable bias and endogeneity as regions within a country share the same redistributive policies and institutions. Using population register data, highly accurate measures of growth and inequality (gini, Q3, p9075, p5010) are derived. OLS cross-section and panel estimates imply that inequality between the 90 and 75th percentiles enhances regional growth and that the share of income falling to the third quintile reduces growth. These results no longer hold when we apply regions specific fixed effects and/or system GMM.
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| 10. |
- Carlsson, Magnus, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Schooling on Cognitive Skills
- 2015
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Ingår i: Review of Economics and Statistics. - 0034-6535 .- 1530-9142. ; 97:3, s. 533-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify the causal effect of schooling on cognitive skills, we exploit conditionally random variation in the date Swedish males take a battery of cognitive tests in preparation for military service. We find an extra 10 days of school instruction raises scores on crystallized intelligence tests (synonym and technical comprehension tests) by approximately one percent of a standard deviation, whereas extra nonschool days have almost no effect. In contrast, test scores on fluid intelligence tests (spatial and logic tests) do not increase with additional days of schooling, but do increase modestly with age.
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