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Sökning: LAR1:gu > (2007)

  • Resultat 6241-6250 av 6375
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6241.
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6242.
  • Zacher, K., et al. (författare)
  • Grazing and UV radiation effects on an Antarctic intertidal microalgal assemblage: a long-term field study
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Polar Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0722-4060 .- 1432-2056. ; 30:9, s. 1203-1212
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A 15 week field experiment (austral summer Nov-Mar) was carried out in an intertidal hard bottom platform in Antarctica (King George Island). To test whether grazing and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) influenced the succession of a benthic microalgal assemblage, a two-factorial design was used (1) ambient radiation, > 280 nm; (2) ambient minus UV-B, > 320 nm; (3) ambient minus UVR, > 400 nm versus grazer-no grazer). On four sampling occasions microalgae were identified, counted and carbon contents were calculated. The assemblage was dominated by the diatom genera Navicula and Cocconeis. Biomass was generally low in all treatments but was significantly reduced by grazing throughout the experiment. No significant UV effects were found. Grazer absence particularly favoured diatoms of the genus Cocconeis. We conclude that the Antarctic microalgal assemblage was unaffected by present day UVR whereas grazers acted as important drivers on the intertidal microalgal community structure.
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6243.
  • Zacher, K., et al. (författare)
  • Ultraviolet radiation and consumer effects on a field-grown intertidal macroalgal assemblage in Antarctica
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 13:6, s. 1201-1215
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) research on marine macroalgae has hithero focussed on physiological effects at the organism level, while little is known on the impact of UV radiation on macroalgal assemblages and even less on interactive effects with other community drivers, e.g. consumers. Field experiments on macrobenthos are scarce, particularly in the Antarctic region. Therefore, the effects of UVR and consumers (mainly limpets were excluded) on early successional stages of a hard bottom macroalgal community on King George Island, Antarctica, were studied. In a two-factorial design experimental units [(1) ambient radiation, 280-700 nm; (2) ambient minus UVB, 320-700 nm and (3) ambient minus UVR, 400-700 nm vs. consumer-no consumer] were installed between November 2004 and March 2005 (n = 4 plus controls). Dry mass, species richness, diversity and composition of macroalgal assemblages developing on ceramic tiles were followed. Consumers significantly suppressed green algal recruits and total algal biomass but increased macroalgal richness and diversity. Both UVA and UVB radiation negatively affected macroalgal succession. UVR decreased the density of Monostroma hariotii germlings in the first 10 weeks of the experiment, whereas the density of red algal recruits was significantly depressed by UVR at the end of the study. After 106 days macroalgal diversity was significantly higher in UV depleted than in UV-exposed assemblages. Furthermore, species richness was significantly lower in the UV treatments and species composition differed significantly between the UV-depleted and the UV-exposed treatment. Marine macroalgae are very important primary producers in coastal ecosystems, serving as food for herbivores and as habitat for many organisms. Both, UVR and consumers significantly shape macroalgal succession in the Antarctic intertidal. Consumers, particularly limpets can mediate negative effects of ambient UVR on richness and diversity till a certain level. UVB radiation in general and an increase of this short wavelength due to stratospheric ozone depletion in particular may have the potential to affect the zonation, composition and diversity of Antarctic intertidal seaweeds altering trophic interactions in this system.
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6244.
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6245.
  • Zachrisson, Sara, et al. (författare)
  • Optimering av urografiundersökningar
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Nationellt möte om Sjukhusfysik, 20-21 September 2007, Eskilstuna.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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6246.
  • Zack, Thomas, 1968, et al. (författare)
  • An evaluation of reactive fluid flow and trace element mobility in subducting slabs
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Chemical Geology. - 0009-2541. ; 239:3-4, s. 199-216
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Permeabilities in the subducting stab appear to be too low and dihedral angles between fluid and relevant minerals too high to allow for porous flow, hence fluid channelization is critical for the understanding of subduction zone fluid fluxes. In this review we will outline how fluid channelization controls reaction rates and element redistributions during metamorphism of the subducting plate as well as trace element compositions of subduction-related fluids during flow. Channelized fluid flow predicts that from a rock point of view, most formerly subducted material will show only very limited evidence for fluid flow, consistent with the rarity of observed high fluid fluxes in subduction-related rocks. Aqueous fluid produced by dehydration reactions will not percolate through large rock volumes, but rather will be carried away from the dehydration sites by a veining network. Indeed evidence for significant aqueous-fluid fluxes have been found in high-pressure veins with adjacent selvages. In such selvages, large lithophile elements (LILE's) generally show the highest mobilities, followed by light (L) rare earth elements (REE) and then heavy (H) REE. Compared to high field strength elements (HFSE), even Th shows higher mobilities. From a fluid point of view, equilibrium between aqueous fluid and surrounding rock will only be approached at sites of fluid production and mineral reaction. However, this fluid can be significantly modified while moving upwards through a veining network where the wallrocks are out of equilibrium with the fluid. In a subducting slab, such reactive fluid flow can preferentially dissolve minerals and release their trace elements (e.g. Ba in phengite, Th and La in monazite). The degree of change in aqueous-fluid composition will depend on the amount of fluid-mineral surface interaction. The chemical exchange reactions will not be possible to model by trace element partition coefficients alone, instead future models need to incorporate kinetic parameters such as surface reaction rates. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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6247.
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6248.
  • Zackariasson, Peter (författare)
  • Det estetiska hotet
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Czarniawska, Barbara et al: Organisering kring hot och risk.. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144040141 ; , s. 181-194
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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6249.
  • Zackariasson, Peter, et al. (författare)
  • Relationship in Video Game Relationship
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: Relationship Marketing Summit. Buenos Aires, Argentina, December 13-15..
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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6250.
  •  
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